高中英语 Unit5 Section Ⅱ 课时跟踪检测 新人教版选修8文档格式.docx
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解析:
选B。
考查名词辨析。
由下句“Youmustdoitnow,fortheguestswilleatanymoment.”可知,对方没有选择,不能拖到明天。
2.—Howmuchdidthebookcostyou?
—12yuan________,postageincluded.
A.orsoB.atmost
C.inallD.atleast
选C。
考查介词短语辨析。
句意:
“这本书花了你多少钱?
”“包括邮资,总共12元。
”inall“共计;
总共”;
orso“大约”;
atmost“至多”;
atleast“最少;
至少”。
结合语境,C为正确答案。
3.Itisgenerally________thatattitudemeanseverything.
A.arrangedB.assumed
C.questionedD.declared
arrange“安排”;
assume“假定;
设想”;
question“提问”;
declare“宣布;
声明”。
一般认为态度决定一切。
Itisgenerallyassumedthat...为固定句型,表示“一般认为……”,故B项符合题意。
4.Tothegreatdisappointmentofthepoorpeasantworkers,agreatpartoftheirsalarieswere________bythebossfornorightreason.
A.keptawayB.keptoff
C.keptbackD.keptup
令很多贫苦民工极其失望的是,他们的工资中有很大一部分都被老板无端扣了。
keepback“扣留”,符合题意。
keepaway“远离”;
keepoff“远离……”;
keepup“保持;
维持”。
5.Alllivingorganisms,________theiruniqueidentity,havecertainbiological,chemical,andphysicalcharacteristicsinmon.
A.asaconsequenceofB.forthesakeof
C.intermsofD.regardlessof
选D。
asaconsequenceof“作为……的结果”;
forthesakeof“为了……的缘故”;
intermsof“从……的角度”;
regardlessof“不管;
不顾”。
所有的有机物,不管他们有什么独特的特征,都有某种生物上、化学上和物理上的共性。
6.Afterbeing________fordays,thewatersupplyreturnstonormaltoday.
A.cutoffB.cutdown
C.cutoutD.cutup
选A。
考查动词短语辨析。
在停水几天后,今天恢复正常。
cutoff“切断(电、水供应等)”;
cutdown“削减;
砍倒”;
cutout“删去”;
cutup“分割;
切碎”。
故A项符合题意。
7.Owingtothedrought,manypeoplewould________todeathwithoutthehelpfromalloverthecountry.
A.dieB.starve
C.forceD.escape
由于大旱,如果没有来自全国的帮助,很多人将会饿死。
starvetodeath“饿死”。
8.Intheireffortsto________thedisease,townsandvillagesalongtheriveroftenforbadethelandingofpassengers.
A.takeupB.breakup
C.keepoutD.putout
为了不让这种疾病入侵,河边的小镇和村落经常禁止旅客上岸。
keepout“防止进入,把……关在外面”,符合题意。
takeup“占用;
继续;
开始做”;
breakup“粉碎;
结束;
解散”;
putout“扑灭;
扔掉;
生产”。
9.—I'
msorryto________you,butthere'
ssomeoneaskingtoseeyou.
—Allright.
A.answerB.call
C.tellD.interrupt
“很抱歉打断你,但现在有人要见你。
”“好的。
”interrupt“打断……讲话;
打岔;
暂时中断或中止”,符合题意。
answer“回答”;
call“打电话;
呼叫”;
tell“告诉”。
10.Thoughmasksaremainlyusedfordecorationinmoderntimes,some________tribesinAfricastillwearthemforreligiouspurposes.
A.primitiveB.harmonious
C.advancedD.primary
句意是指“尽管面罩在现代主要用来装饰,但非洲一些原始部落依然为宗教目的而戴着它”。
primitive“原始的”,符合题意。
Ⅲ.阅读理解
nglishisalanguageparticularlyrichinidioms(习语),whichusuallydon'
tobeylogicalandgrammaticalrules.WithoutidiomsEnglishwouldlosemuchofitsvarietyandhumorbothinspeechandwriting.
Intheolddaysthewrittenlanguage(novels,poems,playsandtheBible)wasthesourceonwhichidiomswerebased.ThiswasthecaseupuntilWWII.AfterthewarnewmediumshadappearedinEnglishspeakingsociety,therewasachannelfortheAmericanwayoflifeandthepopularcultureoftheU.S.TV,moviesandnowadaystheinteractivemediumhavechangedtheEnglishlanguagemoretotheAmericanEnglishdirection.
HowthendoesAmericanEnglishdifferfromBritishEnglishintheuseofidioms?
Therearenoradicaldifferencesinactualuse.Themaindifferencesareinthesituationswhereidiomaticexpressionsareused.Therehavebeenmanystudiesrecentlyonthissubject.AmericanEnglishadoptsandcreatesnewidiomsatamuchfasterrateparedtoBritishEnglish.AlsotheidiomsofAmEoriginseemtospreadfasterandfurther.Afterithasfirstbeenestablished(建立)intheU.S.,anAmericanidiommaysoonbefoundinothervariants(变体)anddialectsofEnglish.NowadaysnewBritishidiomsseemtostayontheBritishIslesandarerarelyencounteredintheU.S..BritishidiomsareinfactmorefamiliartootherEuropeansortothepeopleoftheBritishmonwealththantoAmericans,eventhoughthelanguageissame.ThefutureofidiomaticexpressionsintheEnglishlanguageseemscertain.TheyaremoreandmorebasedonAmericanEnglish.ThisdevelopmentwillcontinuethroughnewmediumsliketheInternetandinteractivemediums.Itishardtosaywhatthiswilldotoidiomsandwhatkindofnewidiomsarecreated.Thiswillbeaninterestingdevelopmenttofollow,andbynomeansdoesitlessenthehumor,varietyandcolorofEnglishlanguage.
语篇解读:
文章主要说明了英语习语的源头和它进一步的发展过程,还进一步说明了美国英语和英式英语习语的不同,并且对习语未来的发展做出了进一步的预测。
1.Whichoneisthebesttitleofthepassage?
A.AmericanEnglishandBritishEnglish[
B.AmericanEnglishDevelopedfromBritishEnglish
C.AmericanIdiomswillreplaceBritishIdioms
D.TheDevelopmentofEnglishIdioms
主旨大意题。
全篇文章主要说明了英语习语的源头和他进一步的发展及其未来的发展,因此D项正确。
2.Accordingtothepassage,wecaninferthat________.
A.idiomsusuallyaren'
tcreatedbasedonlogicalandgrammaticalrules
B.idiomsmainlyeformthewrittenlanguagenowadays
C.AmericanEnglishcreatesmorenewidiomsthanAmerican
D.BritishidiomsaremoreimportantthanAmericanidioms
推理判断题。
关键句为第一段第一句话,习语是不遵循逻辑和语法规则的,由此可推断出A项正确。
3.Wheredididiomsefrominancienttimes?
A.Thewrittenlanguage.[
B.Newmediums.
C.Thespokenlanguage.
D.Speaker'
screation.
细节理解题。
根据第二段第一句话,得知书面语是习语的起源依据,因此A项正确。
4.WhenanewidiomiscreatedinAmerica,itwillsoon________.
A.beusedallovertheworld
B.belaughedatbyBritishpeople
C.befoundusedinEnglandalso
D.beusedonlyintheUnitedStates
根据第三段的内容尤其是此段中第七句话的内容,得知美国习语的传播速度非常的快和广,很快就能传到英国,因此C项正确。
B
ArecentstudyofancientandmodernelephantshaseupwiththeunexpectedconclusionthattheAfricanelephantisdividedintotwodistinct(不同的)species.
ThediscoverywasmadebyresearchersatYorkandHarvardUniversitieswhentheywereexamininggeneticrelationshipbetweentheancientwoollymammothandmastodontomodernelephants-theAsianelephant,Africanforestelephant,andAfricansavannaelephant.[
OncetheyobtainedDNAsequences(序列)fromtwofossils(化石),mammothsandmastodons,theteamparedthemwithDNAfrommodernelephants.TheyfoundtotheiramazementthatmodernforestandsavannaelephantsareasdistinctfromeachotherasAsianelephantsandmammoths.
ThescientistsuseddetailedgeneticanalysistoprovethattheAfricansavannaelephantandtheAfricanforestelephanthavebeendistinctspeciesforseveralmillionyears.ThedivergenceofthetwospeciestookplacearoundthetimeofthedivergenceofAsianelephantsandwoollymammoths.Thisresultamazedallthescientists.
Therehaslongbeendebateinthescientificmunitythatthetwomightbeseparatespecies,butthisisthemostconvincingscientificevidencesofarthattheyareindeeddifferentspecies.
Previously,manynaturalistsbelievedthatAfricansavannaelephantsandAfricanforestelephantsweretwopopulationsofthesamespecies,despitetheelephants'
significantsizedifferences.Thesavannaelephanthasanaverageshoulderheightof3.5metreswhiletheforestelephanthasanaverageshoulderheightof2.5metres.Thesavannaelephantweighsbetweensixandseventons,roughlydoubletheweightoftheforestelephant.Butthefactthattheylooksodifferentdoesnotnecessarilymeantheyaredifferentspecies.HowevertheprooflayintheanalysisoftheDNA.
AlfredRoca,assistantprofessorintheDepartmentofAnimalSciencesattheUniversityofIllinois,said,“Wenowhavetotreattheforestandsavannaelephantsastwodifferentunitsforconservationpurposes.Since1950,allAfricanelephantshavebeenconservedasonespecies.Nowthatweknowtheforestandsavannaelephantsaretwoverydistinctiveanimals,theforestelephantshouldbeeabiggerpriority(优先)forconservationpurposes.”
5.Oneofthefossilsstudiedbytheresearchersisthatof________.
A.theAsianelephant
B.theforestelephant
C.thesavannaelephant
D.themastodonelephant
根据第三段的第一句OncetheyobtainedDNAsequences(序列)fromtwofossils(化石),mammothsandmastodons...可知答案为D。
6.Theunderlinedword“divergence”inParagraph4means“______”.
A.evolutionB.exhibition
C.separationD.examination
词义猜测题。
前面一句讲到了这两种大象分离成不同的物种已有数百万年了,由此可判断divergence在此是“分离”之意。
7.Theresearchers'
conclusionwasbasedonastudyoftheAfricanelephant'
s______.
A.DNAB.height
C.weightD.population
根据倒数第二段的最后一句可知研究人员的结论是在检测非洲大象DNA的基础上得出来的。
8.WhatareAlfredRoca'
swordsmainlyabout?
A.TheconservationofAfricanelephants.
B.ThepurposeofstudyingAfricanelephants.
C.ThewaytodivideAfricanelephantsintotwounits.
D.ThereasonforthedistinctionofAfricanelephants.
根据最后一段的内容可知AlfredRoca的话主要讲的是对不同的非洲大象要分别采取不同的保护措施。
2019-2020年高中英语Unit5SectionⅢ课时跟踪检测新人教版选修8
1.Therehasbeenasignificant(significance)improvementinourlivingconditionsnow.
2.Ididn'
tseeyourcarinfrontofyourhouse,soIassumed(assumption)thatyou'
dgoneout.
3.I'
msorrytointerrupt(interruption)you,butthereisaMr.Smithwaitingforyouinthemeetingroom.
4.Shegotherselfintoamess(messy)bytellingalietohermothe