外语系学士学位论文 The Roles of Heathcliff.docx

外语系学士学位论文 The Roles of Heathcliff.docx

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外语系学士学位论文TheRolesofHeathcliff

**大学外语系学士学位论文

TheRolesofHeathcliff

专业：

英语

学号：

***

姓名：

***

指导教师：

***

****年**月

TheRolesofHeathcliff论文提纲

1.TheFoundlingandSuffer:

   -----Heathcliff'schildhood–torment–hatred--disappear

2.TheUsurperandAvenger:

   -----return--ruinHindleyandHareton--getWutheringHeights

          makeLintonmarryCathy--acquireThrushcrossGrange

3.TheLoveandTheDeath;

   -----Heathcliff'seternalfaithfulnesstoCatherine

          thelineofthewholestory

   -----thecuriousbehaviorinhisfinaldays

         theygettogetheratlast

TheRolesofHeathcliff

摘要：

《呼啸山庄》通过一个爱情悲剧，向人们展示了一幅畸形社会的生活画面，勾勒了被这个畸形社会扭曲了的人性及其造成的种种可怖事件。

整个故事的情节实际上是通过四个阶段逐步铺开的：

第一阶段叙述了希斯克利夫与凯瑟琳朝夕相处的童年生活；一个弃儿和一个小姐在这种特殊环境中形成的所形成的特殊感情，以及他们对辛德雷专横暴虐的反抗。

第二阶段着重描写凯瑟琳因为虚荣，无知和愚昧。

背弃了希斯克利夫，成了画眉山庄的女主人。

第三阶段以大量笔墨描绘希斯克利夫如何在绝望中把满腔仇恨化为报仇雪耻的计谋和行动

最后阶段尽管只交代了希斯克利夫的死亡，却突出地揭示了当他了解哈里顿和凯蒂相爱后，思想上经历的一种崭新的变化---人性的复苏，从而使这出具有恐怖色彩的爱情悲剧透露出一束令人快慰的希望之光。

因此希斯克利夫的爱—恨—复仇—人性的复苏，既是小说的精髓，又是贯穿始终的一条红线。

作者依此脉络。

谋篇布局，把场景安排的变幻莫测，有时在阴云密布，鬼哭狼嚎的旷野，有时又是风狂雨骤，阴森惨暗的庭院，故事始终笼罩在一种神秘和恐怖的气氛之中。

本篇论文通过对希斯克利夫在第一，第三和最后一个阶段中所表现不同角色的分析，探讨了主人公不同性格的形成背景。

希斯克利夫这个被剥夺了人间温暖的弃儿在实际生活中培养了强烈的爱与恨。

辛德雷的皮鞭使他尝到了人生的残酷，也教会了特懂得忍气的屈服无法改变自己受辱的命运。

而凯瑟琳的背叛及其婚后悲苦的命运，使希斯克利夫满腔的爱化为无比的恨。

这腔仇恨成了疯狂的复仇动力，希斯克利夫的目的达到了他不仅让辛德雷和埃德加凄苦死去，独霸了两家的产业，还让他们平白无辜的下一代也饱尝了苦果。

最后故事以希斯克利夫达到复仇目的而自杀告终。

他的死是一种殉情，而他死之前放弃对下一代报复的念头，表明他的天性本来是善良的，这种人性的复苏是一种精神上的升华，闪耀着作者人道主义的理想。

关键词：

角色，弃婴，磨难，篡夺，复仇，爱，死亡

Abstract:

WutheringHeightswaspublishedin1874;theonlynovelwrittenbyEmilyBronte.Thenovelislargelythestoryofoneman,Heathcliff,afoundlingbroughtbyMr.EarnshawtoWutheringHeightsatthetimewhentheboywasachild.

Throughoutthenovel,Heathcliff’spersonality,ononeside,couldbedefinedasdark,selfishandbrutal.Heisadangerouscharacter,withrapidlychangingmoods,capableofdeep-seedhatred,andincapable,itseems,ofanykindofforgivenessorcompromise.Ontheotherside,thelovebetweenHeathcliffandCatherineisthedominantlineinthewholestory.Heathcliff'lifecouldbedividedintothreeperiodsinwhichheplaysasdifferentroles

ThethesistellsthethreedifferentrolesthatHeathcliffplaysinhisdifferentlifeperiods.Asafoundlingandsuffer,hespendhismiserychildhoodandleftWutheringHeightswithhateinhisheart.WhenHeathcliffcomesback,hebeginshisplanasausurperandavenger.FinallyHeathcliffsucceedinhisplan,buthecouldnevergettheloveandhislifeends.

Keywords:

roles,foundling,suffer,usurper,avenger,love,death.

Introduction:

PuRuoqian（浦若茜），oneprofesserfromXi’anForeignLanguageCollege,heanalysesthepointoftheGhoticstyleinthenovel.

ThethesisisdevidedintothreepartsinwhichHeathcliffplaysasdifferentroles.Inthefirstpart,asafoundlingandsuffer,HeathcliffspendhismiserychildhoodandleftWutheringHeightswithhateinhisheart.ThesecondparttellsusthatwhenHeathcliffcomesback,hebeginshisplanasausurperandavenger.FinallyHeathcliffsucceedinhisplan,buthecouldnevergettheloveandhislifeends.

1.ThefoundlingandSuffer

Fromthebeginningofthenovelandmostlikelyfromthebeginningofhislife,hehassufferedpainandrejection.WhenheisbroughttoWutheringHeightsbyMr.Earnshaw,heisviewedasathingratherthanachild.Mrs.Earnshawwasreadytoflingitoutofdoors,whileNellyputitonthelandingofthestairshopingthatitwouldbegonethenextday.Withouthavingdoneanythingtodeserverejection,Heathcliffismadetofeellikeanoutsider,followingthedeathofMr.Earnshaw,sufferscruelmistreatmentatthehandsofHindley.Intheseformativeyears,heisdeprivedoflove,sociabilityandeducation,accordingtoNelly,Hindley'streatmentofHeathcliffwas"enoughtomakeafiendofasaint".Heisseparatedfromthefamily,reducedtothestatusofaservant,forcedtobecomeafarmhand,undergoesregularbeatingsandisforciblyseparatedfromCatherine.PersonalitythatHeathcliffdevelopsinhisadultlifehasbeenformedinresponsetothedeprivationofhischildhood.Heathcliffreceivedconstantreminderofhislesserstatuse.g.onhisfirstvisittotheGrange,CatherineistakenintotheLintonhousehold,whereasHeathcliffisrejected,madefunof,andalienated.Later,whenCatherinereturnstoWutheringHeights,herchangedappearancefurtheralienatesHeathcliff,apointemphasisedduringthevisitsoftheLintonchildren,Heathcliffwasnotconsideredfittojointheparty.ThefinalsenseofalienationandthemostdamningoccurswithCatherine'smarriagetoEdgar,thisheconsidersabetrayalofhisloveforher,infavorofthesocialstatusandcivilizedexistenceoftheGrange.Heathcliffishoweverproudanddeterminedanddoesnotcowerwhenconfrontedbythosewhoconsiderthemselvestobesuperiors,hisdeterminationwasevidentwhentakingadvantageofMr.Earnshaw'sfavoritismandexchanginghorseswithyoungHindley,thoughhissituationandpositionissomewhatworsenedafterthedeathofMr.Earnshaw,Heathcliff'sprideneverthelessremainsintact.WhenCatherinereturnedtotheHeightsafterherfiveweekstayattheGrange,sheismuchchangedinappearanceandmakesfunoftheraggedHeathcliff,whenorderedtoshakehandswithCatherinebyHindley,Heathcliffrefuses,saying-:

"Ishallnotstandtobelaughedat,Ishallnothearit".Similarly,wheninsultedbyEdgarduringoneofhisvisitstotheHeights,Heathcliffemptiesatureenofapplesauceoverhim

Catherine'sstayattheGrangeprecipitatesafurtherdeclineinHeathcliff'sbehavior.Whenshereturnsheisdirtierthanbefore-"IshallbeasdirtyasIpleaseandIliketobedirtyandIwillbedirty".LaterheconfidestoNellythepurposeofhismeditations,"IamtryingtobesettlinghowIshallpayHindleyback.Idon'tcarehowlongIwaitifIcanonlydoitatlast"-"IonlywishInewthebestway.LetmealoneandI'llplanitout,whileI'mthinkingofthat,Idon'tfeelpain".

Theunhappythingshesufferedinhischildhoodplayedanimportantroleintheformationofhischaracter.Finally,whentherealizationdawnsonhimthatCatherinehaschosenstatus,wealthandpositioninpreferencetohim,hedisappearsforthreeyearsandreturnsintheguiseofagentleman.Fromthen,Heathcliffbeginshislifeasanotherrole.

2.TheusurperandAvenger

ThereturningHeathcliff,despitehisoutwardlycivilizedfacade,wasstilldemonicinair,"Ahalfcivilizedferocitylurkedyetinthedepressedbrowsandtheeyesfullofblackfire".IndescribingHeathclifftoIsabella,Catherineseeshim"asafiercepitilesswolfishman...andhe'dcrushyoulikeasparrow".Catherinemarksthechangeinhim,hisspeechhasacquiredanewhammerblowrhythm,"Whatnewphaseinhischaracteristhis",pondersCatherine.Sheseesbeneathhisunreclaimednaturesomethingofhisdiabolism,andshecomparesHeathclifftoHindley,"ItisasbadasofferingSatanabadsoul.Yourblisslikehisliesininflictingmisery".

Heathcliff'roleasausurpercouldbeseenfromthetimewhenhewasbroughtbacktoWutheringHeights.HispresenceinWutheringHeightsoverthrowstheprevailinghabitsoftheEarnshawfamily,membersofthefamilysoonbecomeinvolvedinturmoilandfightingandfamilyrelationshipsbecomespitefulandhateful.Evenonhisfirstnight,heisthereasonMr.Earnshawbreaksthetoyshehadboughtforhischildren.Nellyrecorded"Fromtheverybeginninghebredbadfeelingsinthehouse".HeathcliffusurpstheaffectionsofMr.EarnshawtotheexclusionofyoungHindley-:

"Theyoungmasterhadlearnttoregardhisfatherasanoppressorratherthanafriend".SuchistheextentofHeathcliff'susurpation,whichHindleyissentofftoboardingschool.Asanadult,Heathcliffrepeatstheprocess,asheusurpstheaffectionsofHaretonandtakesprideinthefactthathewouldbedefendedbythesoninafightwiththefather.Ultimately,HeathcliffparallelsthecuckoointakingoverownershipoftheHeights,therebydispossessingtherightfulheir,Hareton.HeathcliffdestroysthenaturalfamilialemotionalbondswhichpreviouslyexistedintheEarnshawhousehold.Hispresenceresultsinapolarizationwithinthefamily,atfirstMr.EarnshawandtheCatherinebecomehisallies,whereasHindleybecomeshisenemy.

Heathcliff'sdominantpersonalityquicklybecomesevident-"Youmustexchangehorseswithme,Idon'tlikemine".ThisincidentdemonstratestheextenttowhichHeathcliffhasalreadybeenhardenedandbrutalized.Theraggednew-comertoWutheringHeightsisanimageofahumancreaturereducedtoitsbareanimalessence,thenakedwilltolive.Nelly'scommentaboutHeathcliff’sabilitytowithstandpainsupportsthispointofview,"HewouldwithstandHindley'sblowswithoutwinkingorsheddingatear".Heathcliff'sdominantwillwasbeingfedbyMr.Earnshaw'sfavoritisms,whenhediesthischanges,HeathcliffthensuffersthetyrannyofHindley.Fromthispointon,therevengethemebeginsinthenovel.Heathcliff'srecollectionoftheGrangeinChapter6istiedthisfirstinklingofrevenge,"IfImighthavetheprivilegeofflingingJosephoffthehighestgaleandpaintingthehousefrontwithHindley'sblood".

Heathcliff'slanguageattheGrangeindicatedamalevolentattitude,"I'vevociferatedcursesenoughtoannihilateanyfiendinChristendom".Heathcliff'shatredfortheLintonfamilyistraceabletothismoment-"Yetthevillainscowlssoplainlyinhisface,woulditnotbeakindnesstothecountrytohanghimatoncebeforeheshowshisnatureinactsaswellasinfeatures".Catherine'sstayattheGrangeprecipitatesafurtherdeclineinHeathcliff'sbehavior.Whenshereturnsheisdirtierthanbefo