中科院博士生入学考试英语试题Word格式.docx

中科院博士生入学考试英语试题Word格式.docx

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39.Weknewsolittle（A）aboutequipments（,disposal（C）techniques,thewholething（D）.

40.Itwassodisgusted（A）,andsomewhathazardous（,nottomention（C）ahugehassleandmonetaryexpense（D）.

41.Ofcourse,Iamawareof（A）whathehasplayedsince（,thesuccesshehashad（C）,andthecontroversy（D）hassurroundedhimamongmusiciansandseriouslisteners.

42.That抯notsaying（A）it'

seasy,though（.Therearedefinitely（C）jobsthatworeon（D）you.

43.Perhapsnotsurprisingly（A）,thecolleagueswhomIthoughtlesshigh（,andwhomIportrayedlessadmiringly（C）,didnotsharemyview（D）.

44.TheTimes,financially（A）successfulitmaybe（,isapowerfulbut（C）,atthismoment,notveryhealthyinstitution（D）.

45.Havingimposedtemporarysentences（A）ofunprecedented（severityonthefivedefendantswhopleadedguilt（C）,thejudgetoldthemthattheiractualsentencesmightdependontheircooperationwith（D）subsequentinvestigations.

PARTIIICLOZETEST（15minutes,15points）

Foreachblankinthefollowingpassage,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesgivenintheoppositecolumn.MarkthecorrespondingletterofyourchoicewithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourMachine-scoringAnswerSheet.

Whenwethinkaboutaddictiontodragsoralcohol,wefrequentlyfocusonnegativeaspects,ignoringthepleasuresthataccompanydrinkingordrug-taking.46theessenceofanyseriousaddictionisapursuitofpleasure,asearchfora"

high"

thatnormallifedoesnot47.Itisonlytheinabilitytofunction48theaddictivesubstancethatisdismaying,thedependenceoftheorganismuponacertainexperienceanda.49inabilitytofunctionnormallywithoutit.Thusapersonwilltaketwoorthree50attheendofthedaynotmerelyforthepleasuredrinkingprovides,butalsobecausehe"

doesn'

tfeel51withoutthem..

52doesnotmerelypursueapleasurableexperienceandneedto53itinordertofunctionnormally.Heneedstorepeatitagainandagain.Somethingaboutthatparticularexperiencemakeslifewithoutit54complete.Otherpotentiallypleasurableexperiencesarenolongerpossible,55underthespelloftheaddictiveexperience,hislifeispeculiarly56.Theaddictcravesanexperienceandyetheisneverreallysatisfied.Theorganismmaybe57_sated,butsoonitbeginstocraveagain.

Finallyaseriousaddictionis58aharmlesspursuitofpleasurebyItsdistinctlydestructiveelements.Aheroinaddict,forinstance,leadsa59life:

hisincreasingneedforheroininincreasingdosespreventshimfromworking,frommaintainingrelationships,fromdevelopinginhumanways.60analcoholic'

slifeisnarrowedanddehumanizedbyhisdependenceonalcohol.

46.A.HenceB.Because

C.AndyetD.Moreover

47.A.supplyB.resume

C.acceptD.prevent

48.A.exceptB.without

C.withD.besides

49.A.frustratingB.surprising

C.unchangingD.increasing

50.A.dragsB.drinks

C.dosesD.draughts

51.A.normalB.content

C.delightedD.spirited

52.A.AdrugtakerB.Theaddicted

C.AnaddictD.Thedrugger

53.A.performB.make

C.experienceD.initiate

54.A.otherthanB.ratherthan

C.morethanD.lessthan

55.A.whileB.thus

C.evenifD.for

56.A.distortedB.rectified

C.exaggeratedD.improved

57.A.eventuallyB.temporarily

C.accordinglyD.subsequently

58.A.identicalwithB.consistentwith

C.separatedfromD.distinguishedfrom

59.A.destructiveB.Dissatisfied

C.damagedD.derivative

60.A.SimilarlyB.Conversely

C.NaturallyD.Generally

PARTIVREADINGCOMPREHENSION（60minutes,30points）

Beloweachofthefollowingpassagesyouwillfindsomequestionsorincompletestatements.EachquestionorstatementisfollowedbyfourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Readeachpassagecarefully,andthenselectthechoicethatbestanswersthequestionorcompletesthestatement.MarktheletterofyourchoicewithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourMachine-scoringAnswerSheet.

Passage1

IttooknotimeatallforthenativeAmericanswhofirstgreetedChristopherColumbustobeallbuterasedfromthefaceoftheearth.ForaboutathousandyearsthepeacefulpeopleknownastheTainohadthrivedinmodem-dayCubaandmanyotherislands.Butlessthan30yearsafterColumbus'

arrival,theTainowouldbedestroyedbySpanishweaponry,forcedlaborandEuropeandiseases.Unliketheirdistantcousins,theInca,AztecsandMaya,theTainoleftnopyramidsortemples-noobvioussignsthattheyhadeverexisted.

Butitisamistaketoassume-asmanyscholarshaveuntilquiterecentlythattheabsenceofabundantartifactsmeanttheTainowerenecessarilymoreprimitivethanthegrandercivilizationsofCentralandSouthAmerica.Theysimplyusedlessdurablematerials:

theTainoreliedonwoodforbuildingandmostcraftwork,andmuchofwhattheymadehasdisintegratedoverthecenturies.However,thankslargelytotworemarkabledigsundertakenrecently,archaeologistswillbeabletoenrichtheirknowledgeoftheTaino.

InavillageonthenortherncoastofCuba,aCanadian-CubanteamdiscoveredthenearlyintactremainsofaTainodwellingburiedinthedirt.ThissitemayhavebeenoneoftheTaino'

smajorcenters.Meanwhile,deepintheforestsoftheDominicanRepublic,aU.S.-Dominicanteamhasalsomadeanimportantdiscovery:

a240-ft.-deepTainocenote,orceremonialwell,wherehundredsofobjects.throwninasofferingshavebeenpreservedintheoxygen-poorWater.

ItwilltakeamuchlongertimetounderstandtheTainofully,buttheyhavebeenrescuedfromtheignoblestatusoffootnotesinthechapterofhistorythatbeganwiththearrivalofColumbus.

61.ThemainideaofParagraph1is

A.ChristopherColumbusreturnedtheTaino'

sgreetingwithcruelty.

B.TheEuropeans'

comingbroughtanendtotheexistenceoftheTaino.

C.TheTainoonceprosperousinmodem-dayCubanowhasnotraceonearth.

D.SpanishweaponrywouldhavecrashedtheTainobutforColumbus'

arrival.

62.ItisassumedtheTainohadacomparativelylowcivilizationmostlybecause

A.theTainohadproducednowrittenrecords.

B.theTainohadbuiltnopyramidsmidtemples.

C.therehasbeenlittlewoodenstructuretheTainoreliedon.

D.therehasbeenfewremainsshowingthelifeoftheTaino'

s.

63.WhichstatementistrueconcerningtheTaino?

A.Theywereenslavedbyforeigninvaders.

B.TheyweremorewarlikethanotherIndians.

C.Theywerethemostshort-livedofallthecivilizations.

D.Theywereburieddeepinthedirtoroxygen-poorwater.

64.Whatdoestheitalicizedword"

ignoble"

（inthelastsentence）probablymean?

A.unfortunateB.unsuccessful

C.unpromisingD.unworthy

Passage2

Alreadylaserscanobliterateskinblemishes,topicallyapplieddrugscansmoothfaciallinesandinjectedagentscanremovedeepwrinkles.Futureproductswillbefaster,borerandlongerlasting."

Newsubstanceswillbedevelopedbyentrepreneurs,"

saysBrianMayou,anaestheticplasticsurgeon,"

thatwillbemoresuccessfulthanliquidsiliconethatweusetodaytoeradicatewrinkles."

Thenextmajorbreakthrough,saysMelBrahmn,plasticsurgeonandchiefexecutiveoftheHarleyMedicalGroup,willbelasertreatmentthatneedsnorecoveryperiod.

NicholasLowe,clinicalprofessorofdermatologyattheUniversityofLosAngeles,adds:

"

Therewillbemoreefficientanti-oxidantstohelpreducesundamageandaging.Therewillalsobesubstancesthatincreasetheproductionofnewcollagenandelastictissuetomaintaintheelasticityofyouthfulskin."

LeeShreider,aresearchcosmeticchemist,saysthatwemaybeabletolookbetterwithoutanykindofoperationassemi-permanentmake-upgetsbetter.

"

Crookednoseswillbeimprovedbyeffectivelysealingonshadedcolorsthateitherenhanceorsubdueareasoftheface.Wewillbeabletostraighteneyebrowsandlipsmakingthefacemoresymmetrical-whichremainsoneofthekeystobeauty~andevencloseblockedporeswithpermanent,custom-designedfoundation."

Thedevelopmentofthesafesuntanisapotentialgoldmine.BeingresearchedattheUniversityofArizona,butalongwayfromreality,istheinjectabletan.ProfessorLoweisoptimistic:

Therewillalmostcertainlybeasafewayofdevelopingasunlesstanthatprotectsagainstsundamage.Inanimalresearch,we'

veappliedcreamstoguineapigsthatcanactually'

turnon'

someofthegenesthatproducepigmentationwithoutanysunlightexposure."

65.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?

A.Inventionsincosmetology.

B.Newdiscoveryinface-filling.

C.Abrightfutureforfacialmake-up.

D.Thedevelopmentofbeautyculture.

66.Accordingtothepassage,whathasbeenusedtoremovedeepwrinkles?

A.Applieddrugs.

B.Liquidsilicone.

C.Lasertreatment.

D.Anti-oxidant.

67.Paragr