北京科技大学Word文档格式.docx
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PARTIGRAMMAR&
VOCABULARY[60MIN](1x30=30POINTS)
Therearethirtysentencesinthissection.BeneatheachsentencetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,C,D.Pleasechoosethecorrectanswerthatbestcompletesthesentenceandmarkyouranswersontheanswersheet.
1.Thedayispastwhenthecountrycanaffordtogivehighschooldiplomatoallwho______sixyearsofinstruction.
A.setaboutB.runforC.sitthroughD.makefor
2.Andersonheldouthisarmsto______theattack,butthesharkgrabbedhisrightforearmanddived.
A.turnoffB.wardoffC.triggeroffD.calloff
3.Smallchildrenareoften______tonightmaresafterhearingghoststoriesinthedark.
A.definiteB.perceptibleC.incipientD.susceptible
4.Automationthreatensmankindwithanincreasednumberof______hours.
A.meagerB.complexC.idleD.active
5.Itwouldbe______theirhospitalitytoacceptanymorefromthem.
A.tramplingonB.treadingonC.trespassingonD.tryingon
6.Wedonotmeantobedisrespectfulwhenwerefusedtofollowtheadviceofour______leader.
A.venerableB.respectfulC.graciousD.famous
7.Asafetyanalysis______thetargetasapotentialdanger.Unfortunately,itwasneverdone.
A.wouldidentifyB.willidentifyC.willhaveidentifiedD.wouldhaveidentified
8.Theseproposalssoughttoplacegreaterrestrictionsontheuseandcopyingofdigitalinformationthan______intraditionalmedia.
A.existB.existsC.existingD.toexist
9.Despitethefactthatovertimetheoriginallyantagonisticresponsetohissculpturehaslessened,tothisday,hardlyanyindividuals______hisart.
A.evaluateB.applaudC.denounceD.ignore
10.TheshortcomingsofMr.Brooks’analysisare______hisclarityinexplainingfinancialcomplexity.
A.alleviatedbyB.offsetbyC.magnifiedbyD.demonstratedby
11.GiventheevidenceofEgyptianandBabylonian______laterGreekcivilization,itwouldbeincorrecttoviewtheworkofGreekscientistsasanentirelyindependentcreation.
A.imitationofB.ambivalenceaboutC.disdainforD.influenceon
12.Anylanguageisaconspiracyagainstexperienceinthesensethatitisacollectiveattemptto______experiencebyreducingitintodiscreteparcels.
A.transcribeB.complicateC.manageD.amplify
13.Thoughscienceisoftenimaginedasadisinterestedexplorationofexternalreality,scientistsarenodifferentfromanyoneelse:
theyare______humanbeingsenmeshedinawebofpersonalandsocialcircumstances.
A.vulnerableB.rationalC.carelessD.passionate
14.NotuntilKentucky’sMammothCavehadbeencompletelyexploredin1972______.
A.whenwasitsfullextentrealizedB.thatitsfullextentwasrealized
C.wasitsfullextentrealizedD.therealizationofitsfullextent
15.Youshouldhaveknownbetterthan______yourlittlesisterathomeherself.
A.toleaveB.leaveC.leavingD.tohaveleft
16.Icannotconcentrateonmyworkwiththeprospectofthecourtcase______me.
A.hangingonB.hangingoverC.hangingupD.hangingonto
17.Thefantasticachievementsofmoderntechnologyandthespeedatwhichscientificdiscoveriesaretranslatedintotechnologicalapplications______thetriumphofhumanendeavor.
A.facilitateB.leadtoC.attesttoD.herald
18.ThenewconflictbetweenManandNatureismoredangerousthanthetraditionalonebetweenmanandhisfellowman,______theprotagonistsatleastsharedacommonlanguage.
A.whereB.whichC.whatD.that
19.Evenifautomakersmodifycommerciallyproducedcarstorunonalternativefuels,thecarswon’tcatchoninaway______driverscanfillthemupatthegasstation.
A.ifB.whenC.unlessD.because
20.Havingbeenisolatedonaremoteisland,withlittlework______them,thesoldierssufferedfromboredomandlowspirits.
A.occupyingB.tooccupyC.occupiedD.occupy
21.Aninstitutionconcernedaboutitsreputationisatthemercyoftheactionsofitsmembers,becausethemisdeedsofindividualsareoftenusedto______theinstitutionsofwhichtheyareapart.
A.coerceB.honorC.discreditD.intimidate
22.Thenewbornhumaninfantisnotapassivefigure,noranactiveone,butwhatmightbecalledanactivelyreceptiveone,eagerlyattentive______itistosightsandsounds.
A.asB.whatC.thatD.which
23.Forhim______,whatisessentialisnotthatpolicyworks,butthatthepublicbelievethatitdoes.
A.beingre-electedB.tobere-electedC.re-electedD.tore-elect
24.Mercury’svelocityissomuchgreaterthantheEarth’sthatitcompletesmorethanfourrevolutionsaroundtheSuninthetime______takestheEarthtocompleteone.
A.whenB.itC.thatD.which
25.Themotherwould______hersondoinghismusicpracticeifhecouldfinishhisassignmentbeforesupper.
A.letdownB.letaloneC.letoffD.letout
26.Whenthestreetsarefullofmeltingsnow,youcan’thelpbut______yourshoeswet.
A.gettingB.getC.togetD.got
27.Shecouldsingthesesongs______amoment’snoticewhenevershewasasked.
A.withB.toC.onD.at
28.Aswesee______politicalandnationalmovements,languageisusedasabadgeorbarrierdependingonwhichwaywelookatit.
A.inaspectsofB.inviewofC.inconsiderationofD.inrelationto
29.Theemergenceofmassliteracycoincidedwiththefirstindustrialrevolution;
______thenewexpansioninliteracy,aswellascheaperprinting,helpedtonurturetheriseofpopularliterature.
A.asaresultB.inturnC.thereforeD.inotherwords
30.Thenotionthataparasitecanalterthebehaviorofahostorganismisnotmerefiction;
indeed,thephenomenonisnoteven______.
A.realB.comprehendedC.rareD.observable
PARTIIREADINGCOMPREHENSION[60MIN](40POINTS)
SectionOneMultipleChoice(2x10=20points)
Directions:
Inthissectiontherearetworeadingpassagesfollowedbymultiplechoicequestions.Readthepassagesandthenmarkyouranswersonyouranswersheet.
PassageA
OnAug.14,2007acomputerhackernamedVirgilGriffithunleashedacleverlittleprogramontotheInternetthathedubbedWikiScanner.It’sasimpleapplicationthattrollsthroughtherecordsofWikipedia,thepubliclyeditableWeb-basedencyclopedia,andchecksonwhoismakingchangestowhichentries.Sometimesit’speoplewhoshouldn’tbe.Forexample,WikiScannerturnedupevidencethatsomebodyfromWal-MarthadpunchedupWal-Mart’sWikipediaentry.Badretailgiant.
WikiScannerisajollylittlegameofInternet,butit’sreallyaboutsomethingmore:
agrowingpopularirritationwiththeInternetingeneral.TheNethasanarchyinitsDNA;
it’salwaysbeenaboutanonymity,playingwithyourownidentityandmessingwithotherpeople’sheads.Theidea,suchasitwas,seemstohavebeenthattheInternetwouldfreeusoftheburdenofourpublicidentitiessowecouldbeourtrue,authenticselvesonline.Exceptitturnsout—whocould’veseenthiscoming?
—thatourtrue,authenticselvesaren’tthatfantastic.Thegreatexperimentprovedthatsomeofusarewonderfulandinterestingbutthatalotofusarehackersandprankstersandhucksters.WhichisonewayofexplainingtheextraordinaryappealofFacebook.
Facebookisa“socialnetwork”:
awebsiteforkeepingtrackofyourfriendsandsendingthemmessagesandsharingphotosanddoingallthoseotherthingsthatagoodlittleWeb2.0companyissupposedtohelpyoudo.ItwasstartedbyHarvardstudentsin2004asatoolformeeting—atleastdiscreetlyogling—otherHarvardstudents,anditstillhasareputationasahangoutforteenagersandtheteenaged-at-heart.WhichisironicbecauseFacebookisreallyaboutmakingtheWebgrowup.
WhereasGoogleisabrillianttechnologicalhack,Facebookisprimarilyafeatofsocialengineering.(Itwouldn’tbeabadideaforGoogletoacquireFacebook,thewayitsnaffledYouTube,butit’salmostcertainlytoolateinthedayforthat.Yahoo!
offeredabillionforFacebooklastyearandwasrebuffed.)Facebook’sappealisbothobviousandrathersubtle.It’sawebsite,butinasense,it’sanotherversionoftheInternetitself:
aNetwithinaNet,onethat’severythingthelargerNetisnot.Facebookiscleanlydesignedandhasaclassy,upmarketfeeltoit—awhiffoftheIvyLeaguestillclings.PeopletendtousetheirrealnamesonFacebook.Theyalsodeclaretheirsex,age,whereabouts,romanticstatusandinstitutionalaffiliations.IdentityisnotaperformanceoratoyonFacebook:
itisafixedandorderlyfact.Nobodydoesanythingsecretly:
anewsfeedconstantlyupdatesyourfriendsonyouractivities.OnFacebook,everybodyknowsyou’readog.
Maybethat’swhyFacebook’sfastest-growingdemographicconsistsofpeople35orolder:
they’rerefugeesfromtheuncouthwiderWeb.Everycommunitymustnegotiatetheimperativesofindividualfreedomandcollectivesocialorder,andFacebookconstitutesacriticalrebalancingoftheInternet’sfoundingvisionofunfetteredelectronicliberty.Ofcourse,itispossibletomisbehaveonFacebook—it’sjustself-defeating.UnliketheInternet,Facebookisstructuredaroundanopt-inphilosophy;
peoplehavetoconsenttohavecontactwithorevenseeothersonthenetwork.Ifyou’reannoyingfolks,you’llessentiallyceasetoexist,asthoseyouannoydropyouoffthegrid.
Facebookhastakenstepsthisyeartoexpanditsfunctionalitybyallowingoutsidedev