管理学原理第2章练习题及答案Word文件下载.docx
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s,TheWealthofNations,putforththattheprimaryeconomicadvantagebysocietieswouldbegained
fromwhichofthefollowingconcepts?
a.managementplanningandcontrol
b.on-the-jobtraining
c.unionrepresentation
d.fairemploymentlegislation
e.divisionoflabor
Whichofthefollowingisnotoneofthefourmanagementapproachesthatgrewoutofthefirsthalfofthiscentury?
a.scientificmanagement
b.generaladministrative
c.organizationalbehavior
d.systemsapproach
e.quantitative
Accordingtothetext,probablythebest-knownexampleofTaylor'
sscientificmanagementwasthe______________
experiment.
a.horseshoe
b.pigiron
c.bluecollar
d.fishtank
WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofTaylor'
sfourprinciplesofmanagement?
a.Developascienceforeachelementofanindividual'
swork,whichwillreplacetheoldrule-of-thumb
method.
b.Scientificallyselectandthentrain,teach,anddeveloptheworker.
c.Heartilycooperatewiththeworkerssoastoensurethatallworkisdoneinaccordancewiththeprinciples
developed.
d.Providemanagerswilllessworkthanotheremployeessothemanagerscanplanaccordingly.
Generaladministrativetheoryfocuseson
a.theentireorganization.
b.managersandadministrators.
c.themeasurementoforganizationaldesignrelationships.
d.primarilytheaccountingfunction.
e.administrativeissuesaffectingnon-managerialemployees.
Thefourteenprinciplesofmanagementareassociatedwithwhom?
1
a.Weber
b.Drucker
c.Taylor
d.Gilbreth
e.Fayol
Whichofthefollowingapproachestomanagementhasalsobeenlabeledoperationsresearchormanagementscience?
a.Thequalitativeapproach
b.Thequantitativeapproach
c.Theexperimentalapproach
d.Thetheoreticalapproach
Whichofthefollowingwouldnotbeassociatedwiththequantitativeapproachtomanagement?
a.informationmodels
b.critical-pathscheduling
c.systematicmotivationofindividuals
d.linearprogramming
e.statistics
Withoutquestion,themostimportantcontributiontothedevelopingfieldoforganizationalbehaviorcameoutofthe
_______________.
a.TaylorStudies.
b.PorterStudies.
c.ParkerStudies.
d.HawthorneStudies.
WhatscientistismostcloselyassociatedwiththeHawthorneStudies?
a.Adams
b.Mayo
c.Lawler
d.Barnard
e.Follett
OneoutcomeoftheHawthornestudiescouldbedescribedbywhichofthefollowingstatements?
a.Socialnormsarethekeydeterminantsofindividualworkbehavior.
b.Moneyismoreimportantthanthegrouponindividualproductivity.
c.Behaviorandemployeesentimentsareinverselyrelated.
d.Securityisrelativelyunimportant.
e.Whilegroupsareanimportantdeterminantofworkerproductivity,theindividualhim/herselfismost
important.
ScenariosandQuestions
HISTORICALBACKGROUNDOFMANAGEMENT
ALookBack（Scenario）
CindySchultz,tiredfromworkingwithcustomersallday,decidedtotakeafifteen-minutenaptohelpclearherhead
beforethe4:
15managers'
meeting.Hercompanyhadrecentlybegunare-engineeringprocessaswellasotherchanges
requiringcopiousmanagementinput.Assheleanedbackinherchair,shewonderedifmanagementsciencehadalways
beenthiswayandhowitallbegan.Asshenapped,shedreamedthat,alongwithMr.Peebodiasherguide,shewas
travelingintheManagementWayBackMachinethattookherbackthroughmanagementhistory.
106.OneoftheearliestsitesCindyvisitedwasAdamSmith'
shome,authorofTheWealthofNations,which
suggestedthatorganizationsandsocietywouldgainfrom
a.timemanagement.
b.divisionoflabor.
c.groupwork.
d.qualitymanagement.
e.timeandmotionstudies.
107.Cindyvisitedabookstorewheretherewasabooksigningoccurring.Shelookeddownandsawthatthetitleof
thebookwasPrinciplesofScientificManagementandconcludedthattheauthormustbe
2
a.AdamSmith.
b.FrankGilbreth.
c.HenryGantt.
d.FrederickTaylor.
e.HenriFayol.
CindyadmiredtheworksofTaylorandGilbreth,twoadvocatesof108.
a.scientificmanagement.
b.organizationalbehavior.
c.humanresourcemanagement.
d.motivation.
e.leadership.
Cindyspentsometimevisitingwith__________,aresearchershepreviouslyknewlittleaboutbutwhoalso109.
contributedtomanagementsciencebybeingamongthefirsttousemotionpicturefilmstostudyhand-and-body
motionsandbydevisingaclassificationschemeknownasaherblig.
a.HenryGantt
b.MaxWeber
c.ChesterBarnard
d.FrankGilbreth
MaryParkerFollet
e.
EssayQuestions
SCIENTIFICMANAGEMENT
of
fourprinciplesNext,listTaylor'
sindiscussInashortessay,FrederickTaylor'
sworkscientificmanagement.
management.
Answer
FrederickTaylordidmostofhisworkattheMidvaleandBethlehemSteelCompaniesinPennsylvania.Asa
workers'
contiPuritanwithmechanicalengineeraQuakerandbackground,hewasnuallyappalledby
inefficiencies.Employeesusedvastlydifferenttechniquestodothesamejob.Theywereinclinedto“takeit
possible.whatofwas-thirdwasbelievedjob,andTaylorthatworkeroutputonlyaboutonetheeasy”on
Virtuallynoworkstandardsexisted.Workerswereplacedinjobswithlittleornoconcernformatchingtheir
abilitiesandaptitudeswiththetaskstheywererequiredtodo.Managersandworkerswereincontinualconflict.
Taylorsetouttocorrectthesituationbyapplyingthescientificmethodtoshopfloorjobs.Hespentmorethantwodecadespassionatelypursuingthe“onebestway”foreachjobtobedone.
Taylor'
sFourPrinciplesofManagement
rule-of-thumb
chwork,anforaa.Developscienceeachelementofindividual'
swhiwillreplacetheold
Scientificallyselectandthentrain,teach,anddeveloptheworker.
b.Heartilycooperatewiththeworkerssoastoensurethatalworkisdoneinaccordancewiththeprinciplesof
c.
thesciencethathasbeendeveloped.
Divideworkandresponsibilityalmostequallybetweenmanagementandworkers.Managementtakesover
d.
allworkforwhichitisbetterfittedthantheworkers.
（difficult）
Inashortessay,discusstheworkinscientificmanagementbyFrankandLillianGilbreth.122.
theGilbrethFrankisanalyzingcarefullyByinhisknownbestprobablyforexperimentsbricklaying.bricklayer'
sjob,hereducedthenumberofmotionsinlayingexteriorbrickfrom18toabout5,andonlaying
motionswerereducedfrom18to2.UsingtheGilbreth'
stechniques,thebricklayercouldbeinteriorbrickthe
moreproductiveandlessfatiguedattheendoftheday.TheGilbrethswereamongthefirstresearcherstouse
Wastedmotionshand-and-bodystudypicturesmotiontoanddoingspenttimeofamountthemotion.each
motionsmissedbythenakedeyecouldbeidentifiedandeliminated.TheGilbrethsalsodevisedaclassification
3
schemetolabel17basichandmotions,whichtheycalledtherbligs.ThisschemeallowedtheGilbrethsamoreprecisewayofanalyzingaworker'
sexacthandmovements.
（moderate）
GENERALADMINISTRATIVETHEORISTS
to
administrativeapproachFayolasitrelatestothegeneralshort123.Inaessay,discusstheworkofHenri
management.NextlistanddiscusssevenofFayol'
sfourteenprinciplesofmanagement.
production,finance,accounting,ofmanagementassomethingdistinctfromFayoldescribedthepractice
distribution,andothertypicalbusinessfunctions.Hearguedthatmanagementwasanactivitycommontoall
humanendeavorsinbusiness,government,andeveninthehome.Hethenproceededtostate14principlesof
fundamentalrulesofmanagementthatcouldbetaughtinschoolsandappliedinallorganizational—managementsituations.
Fayol'
sFourteenPrinciplesofManagement
specializationincreasesoutputbymakingemployeesmoreefficient.
–a.Divisionofwork.
managersmustbeabletogiveorders.Authoritygivesthemthisright.Alongwithauthority,
–b.Authority
however,goesresponsibility.
employeesmustobeyandrespecttherulesthatgoverntheorganization.–c.Discipline
everyemployeeshouldreceiveordersfromonlyonesuperior.
Unityofcommandd.–theorganizationshouldhaveasingleplanofactiontoguidemanagersandworkers.e.Unityofdirection–theinterestsofanyoneemployeeorgroupof
f.Subordinationofindividualintereststothegeneralinterest–employeesshouldnottakeprecedenceovertheinterestsoftheorganizationasawhole.
workersmustbepaidafairwagefortheirservices.
g.Remunera
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