HND采购报告4Word格式.docx

HND采购报告4Word格式.docx

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Thereportcallsforinternationalprocurementandsupply.Thiswillexplaintheinternaloperationofthepurchasingdepartment.

Howtoreducecost,whythereportwillevaluatetheIPDIPDchoosepurchasedoverseas,thecompany'

sinternationalcirculationintheprocessoftheIPDandtherelationshipbetweentheotherdepartments,suchasfinance,therelationshipbetweentheR&

DofIPD.Inadditiontothese,thereportwillanalyzehowtoevaluatesuppliers,andtheimportantpaymentdocumentationwhenthecompanytoimportgoods.Lastbutnotfurther,Incoterms,itwillintroducetotheastheFOB,CIFandothers.

2.TheStrategicRoleOfTheIPDInReducingCosts

IPDininternationalprocurementanddomesticroleofIPD'

srole,asthesameisforthepurposeofreducingcosts.Overall,IPDneedtofindtherightpriceforthegoodsandthesupplierforthecompany.SoIPDshouldworkwithmanydepartments,suchasthesupplychaininthissector.Therearemanywaystosavecosts,one（WilliamandNancyYoung,March30,2007）isaveryeffectivewaytoreducecostssuchascentralizedprocurement.Willfocusontheneedsofvariousdepartmentstogether,theprocurementunitcanbeusedasweightstogetabetterpricewithalargerquantitydiscountpurchases.Afterstandardizationspecificationscanbeobtainedvendorstandarddiscountedprices,inventorycanberelativelyreduced.Thus,administrativecostwillbereducedduetotheharmonizedoperationalprocurement,purchasingdepartmentwillbeabletohavemoretimetoresourcesonthedevelopmentofnewsuppliers.

Reducecycleisalsoapopularandpracticalmethodtoreducecosts.Thisisbecause,ifthecompaniestoreducethecycletime,thesupplychainwillbemore

TheRelationshipsBetweenPurchasingandOtherDepartment

Therearemanydepartmentsinanorganization,theinternationalprocurementdepartmentisoneofthemanydepartments,andwillplayaveryimportantroleintheorganization.Purchasingdepartmentneedtocommunicatewithotherdepartments,suchasdesign,researchanddevelopmentandfinancedepartment（Berezin,M.,2005）.

Purchasingneedtoworktogetherwiththedepartment,inordertoensuretheoperationoftheorganization.Atfirst,thedesigndepartmentshouldworktogetherwithR&

Ddepartmenttoensurethatthedesignisfeasibleandsuitable.MinistryofFinanceisdesignedtohelpcalculatethecostandPurchasingwillofferthesupporttotheDesignandTheDesignDepartmentcanmakeaperformancefeedbackandasksomerequirementforthePurchasing.Secondly,theR&

DdepartmentneedcooperatewiththePurchasing.ThisisduetothattheR&

Ddepartmentneedrawmaterialandinformation,thusthePurchasingcanpurchasethematerialfortheR&

DandmakeainitialsurveyofsuppliertoobtainsomeinformationtohelptheR&

Dimproveandcreatemoregreatproducts.Inthenext，Purchasingdepartmentsmustsubmitprocurementplansandwaitfortheaudit,thefinancialsectorwillprovidethefundsneededforthepurchasingdepartment.finallytheFinancewillmakesurethecostwithinthebudgetsandagreethemakeorbuydecision.

6.TheContributionoftheIPDtotheAppraisalofOverseasSuppliers

AgoodsupplieriscriticaltoIPD,theIPDshouldthereforepotentialperformance,financialandotheraspectsoftheinvestigationandevaluationofsupplierstoensurethatthecompany'

sprofits.Therearemanywaystoevaluatepotentialsuppliers.

First,theabilityofsupplierstosolvetheproblem,becauseitistheoverseasbuyerssotheremaybealotofproblemsoccur.Therefore,ifthesupplierhasagoodabilitytodealwiththeproblem,IPDpressurewillbereduced..Nextoneisthecorrectiveactionresponse,ifthesupplierdeliverthewrongproductormaterial,theresponseandcorrectivewillaffecttheappraisalofsupplier,iftheresponseisveryfast,thebuyerlosswilldecrease,sotheIPDwillprefertochoosethissupplier.third,theabilityoftechnologysuppliersandtechnologyupdateisalsoveryimportant,ifthesuppliercancontinuouslyupdateandensurethetechnicalqualityoftheproduct,whichcangivethebuyeragoodimage.Thesuppliercost-reductionideas,ifthepotentialsupplierhasacost-reductionideas,thismeantthatthesupplierwilltakemoreactiontoimprovethetechnologyorsystemtoreducethecost,itisbenefitforthebuyerduetothatitwillreducethecostofpurchasing.Ifthepotentialsuppliersupportnew-product,itwillbeverygoodandbuyerwilllikethissupplier,thisisbecauseitcansavetimeandcostforthepurchasertofindnewsupplier.Atlast,thecompatibilityofbuyerandsellerwilldecidethefuturedevelopmentandthepossibilityofcooperation.

Ofcourse,inadditiontothese,financialcondition,productionfacilities,willalsoaffecttheoverallqualityofperformanceassessment.Stablefinancialsituationandhasahugefacilitytoimprovetheabilityofsuppliers.Therefore,buyersprefertochoosethissuppliercollaboration.

7TheNeedforPaymentDocumentationWhenImportingGoods

Delaysandprofitprotectionoftheimportingcountry,whetherimportedorexportadocumentwhenaveryimportantright,thecorrectdocumentstoavoidgoods.Meanwhile,,thebuyerandsellermusthasacontracttostatethedocumentationanddecidethecurrency.Paymentdocumentwillalsohelpprovidethenecessaryimportscorrectimport,importdutiesandtaxes.Forexamplethereareseveralpaymentdocumentssuchascommercialinvoices,packinglists,certificatesoforiginandbillsofladingorairwaybill.

First,theimporterofthecommercialinvoiceisessential.Thecommercialinvoiceisusedasacustomsdeclarationprovidedbythepersonorcorporationthatisexportinganitemacrossinternationalborders.Itwillreflectthevalueofthepricingorgoods.Importersneedtousethedocumentsforimportdeclaration.Afterthecustomcheckandcorrect,theimportercanreceivethegoods.Second,iftheexporterhasthecertificateoforigin,theywillenjoypreferentialimporttariffs.Thus,theimportercanusethedocumentationtoasklowerpriceofimportandofferittocustomandreducethetariffs.Atthesametime,theimportingcountrycanuseittomaintainqualityandavoidcounterfeitthirdcountries.Third,thepackinglist（"

Packinglistdefinition"

.B.Retrieved2009-01-29.）Isalsousefulfortheimporter.Detailedpackinglistincludesthenumberofparcelsofgoods,size,grossandnetweightoftheshipmentofthemarks,thenumberofunitsperparcel.Thecustomwillusethedocumentationtoinspectcargoandimporteruseittocheckthegoods.Finally,thebilloflading（Levi,MauriceD.2005）isadocumentissuedbyacarrierwhichdetailsashipmentofmerchandiseandgivestitleofthatshipmenttoaspecifiedparty.[1]Billsofladingareoneofthreeimportantdocumentsusedininternationaltradetohelpguaranteethatexportersreceivepaymentandimportersreceivemerchandise.Astraightbillofladingisusedwhenpaymenthasbeenmadeinadvanceofshipmentandrequiresacarriertodeliverthemerchandisetotheappropriateparty.Anorderbillofladingisusedwhenshippingmerchandisepriortopayment,requiringacarriertodeliverthemerchandisetotheimporter,andattheendorsementoftheexporterthecarriermaytransfertitletotheimporter.Endorsedorderbillsofladingcanbetradedasasecurityorserveascollateralagainstdebtobligations.

8.TheImpactofIncotermsForthePriceofImportedGoods

Ininternationalcommercialtransactions,therearemanyinternationalIncoterms.Itdefinestherightsandobligationsofthepartiestothetrade.Inparticularitwillbethedefinitionofthetransactionandtransportationcosts,customsdutiesandinsurance.Incotermshavefourgroups,groupE,F,C&

D.TheEXW,FCA,FOB,FAS,CFR,CIF,CPT,CIP,DAF,DES,DDUandDDP.TheseinternationalIncotermswillaffectnotonlythegeneralruleistheimportofcommoditiesandcommodityprices.

Forexample,CFRandCIF.TheCIFiscost,Insurance&

Freight.Sellersneedtopayshippingandinsurance,buttheriskwillbetransferredtothebuyerupondeliveryofgoodsbecausetheship.Thebuyerwillpaythesellerimportdutiesandexporttaxesarepaid.TheCFRisthecostandfreight,.Thebuyerwillneedtopurchaseinsuranceandriskcargobeforeleavingtheportinandobtainimportlicenses,paymentofimportduties.Sellersneedtopaytransportationcosts,exportlicensesandexportdutiesandtaxespaid.BycomparingthesetwointernationalIncoterms,youcanfindsomeinternationalIncotermsimpactonpricesofimportedgoodsreason.First,CIFpriceishigherthantheCFR,whichisduetothesellertopaytransportationcostsandinsurancepremiums.ButCIFselleronlyneedtopaytransportationcosts,therefore,CIFpriceissignificantlyhigher.InotherinternationalIncotermsimpactisobvious,suchastheDgroup,whichhasmoreresponsibility,butalsoneedstoimportdutiespaidbytheseller,sothepricewillbehigher.

9.Conclusion

ThereportassesseshowtoreducethecostofIPD,IPDWhychooseoverseasprocurement,theprocessofinternationalrelationsofthecompany'

scirculation,IPDandothersectors,suchasfinance,R&

Danddesigndepartments.Inadditiontothese,thereportalsoanalyzeshowtoevaluateimportantdocuments,suchassuppliersandpayments.Finally,thereportpresentsanumberofinternationalIncoterms,suchasCFR,CIF,etc.

10.Reference

[1]WilliamandNancyYoung（March30,2007）.TheGreatDepressioninAmerica:

aculturalencyclopedia.Greenwood.

[2]Jakle,JohnA.;

Sculle,KeithA.;

Rogers,JeffersonS.（1996）.TheMotelinAmerica.JohnsHopkin