英语阅读进阶Steps15.docx

英语阅读进阶Steps15.docx

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英语阅读进阶Steps15

Step1VocabularyinContext

Therearefourkindsofcontextclues:

1.Examples（markedbywordslikeforexample,forinstance,including,andsuchas）;

2.Synonyms（wordsthatmeanthesameasunknownwords）;

3.Antonyms（wordsthatmeantheoppositeofunknownwords）;

4.Generalsenseofthesentence（cluesinthesentenceorsurroundingsentencesaboutwhatwordsmightmean）.

Exercises

I.Directions:

Foreachsentencebelow,underlinetheexamplesthatsuggestthemeaningoftheitalicizedword.Thenwritetheletterofthemeaningofthatwordinthespaceprovided.

____1.Todaywasadayofturmoilatwork.Thephoneswereconstantlyringing,peoplewererunningbackandforth,andseveralofficeswerebeingpainted.

A.discussionB.confusionC.harmony

____2.Somementallyillpeoplehavebizarreideas.Forinstance,theymaythinktheTVistalkingtothemorthatotherscanstealtheirthoughts.

A.limitedB.ordinaryC.odd

____3.Nocturnalcreatures,suchasbatsandowls,havehighlydevelopedsensesthatenablethemtofunctioninthedark.

A.featheryB.livingC.activeatnight

II.Directions:

Eachsentencebelowincludesawordthatisasynonymoftheitalicizedword.Writethesynonymoftheitalicizedwordinthespaceprovided.

____1.Airportsecurityguardsmustobservepeople’sdemeanorsoastonoticeanysuspiciousconduct.

____2.Iaskedtheinstructortoexplainaconfusingpassageinthetextbook.Shesaid,“IwishIcould,butit’sobscuretome,too.”

____3.Inthesamewaythatthearrivalofthemechanicalequipmentmeantfewerfarmjobs,theadventofthecomputerhasledtofewermanufacturingjobs.

III.Directions:

Eachsentencebelowincludesawordthatisanantonymoftheitalicizedword.Underlinetheantonymofeachitalicizedword.Thenwritetheletterofthemeaningoftheitalicizedwordinthespaceprovided.

____1.DuringtheMiddleAges,everyone—fromtherichlandownerdowntothemostimpoverishedpeasant—hadaclearplaceinsociety.

A.weakB.commonC.poor

____2.Computermanualsareoftenveryhardtounderstand,solwassurprisedtodiscoverhowlucidthisoneis.

A.longB.expensiveC.clear

____3.Tokeephealthy,olderpeopleneedtostayactive.Remainingstagnantresultsinlossofstrengthandhealth.

A.inactiveB.livelyC.unhealthy

IV.Directions:

Usethegeneralsenseofeachsentencetofigureoutthemeaningofeachitalicizedword.Thenwritetheletterofthemeaningoftheitalicizedwordinthespaceprovided.

____1.ThelizardwassolethargicthatIwasn’tsureifitwasaliveordead.Itdidn’tevenblink.

A.greenB.inactiveC.big

____2.Aftertheaccident,Iwasangeredwhentheotherdrivertoldthepoliceofficeracompletefabricationaboutwhathappened.HeclaimedthatIwasthepersonatfault.

A.lieB.descriptionC.confession

____3.Whetherornotthereislifeinouterspaceisanenigma.Wemayneverknowforsureuntilwearecapableofspacetraveloraliensactuallylandonourplanet.

A.reasonB.certaintyC.mystery

Step2MainIdeas

Recognizingthemainideaisthemostimportantkeytogoodcomprehension.Therearethreestrategiesthatwillhelpyoufindthemainidea:

1.Lookforgeneralversusspecificideas;

2.Usethetopic（thegeneralsubjectofaselection）toleadyoutothemainidea;

3.Usecluewordstoleadyoutothemainidea.

Exercises

Directions:

Ineachofthefollowinggroups,onestatementisthegeneralpoint,andtheotherstatementsarespecificsupportforthepoint.IdentifyeachpointwithaPandeachstatementofsupportwithanSandwritetheminthespaceprovided.

1.____A.Hungrybearssearchingforfoodoftenthreatenhikers.

____B.Hikingonthatmountaintrailcanbeverydangerous.

____C.Severeweatherdevelopsquickly,leavinghikersexposedtostormsandcold.

____D.Whenitrains,thetrail—whichisverysteepatsomepoints—becomesslippery.

2.____A.Thepessimisticviewofhumannatureholdsthatpeoplearebasicallylazyandhavetobeforcedtowork.

____B.Politicalandbusinessleadersoftenbasetheirpoliciesononeofseveralassumptionsaboutpeople.

____C.Theoptimisticviewpresumespeopleareinterestedindoingajobwellandarecapableofdirectingthemselves.

____D.Amiddle-of-the-roadtheoryisthatwhilepeopledonotdislikework,theydonotworkefficientlywithoutappropriatedirection.

3.____A.Bydecreasingtheproductionofcertainhormones,exerciselessenstheriskofcertaincancers.

____B.Regularexercisestrengthenstheimmunesystem,promotesmentalhealth,andgeneratesfeelingsofwell-being.

____C.Peoplewhoexerciseregularlyhavestrongerbones,morelimberjoints,andahealthierheart.

____D.Regularexercisefourtofivedaysaweekhassignificanthealthbenefits.