英语四级作文写作思路及练习记叙文文档格式.docx
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事件(What)——发生了什么,有何特点?
原因(Why)——事件的起因?
结果(How)——事件的经过及结局?
一般说来,在一篇记叙文中这六大要素是缺一不可的。
记叙文的思路就围绕这六大要素充分展开。
【例】英语四级考试中,只出现过一次专门的记叙文体裁的写作,即“AnEarlyMorningWalk”(1988.6.),培训搜px.wangxiao.so培训网提示您:
2003年6月出现过包含记叙文的作文,即“AnEye-WitnessAccountofaTrafficAccident”。
对于“AnEarlyMorningWalk”,知道命题要求后,我们就要开始构思了。
When:
题目已规定了是“清晨”,在这个时候,“我”去散步。
Where:
到哪儿散步?
去公园?
在校园里?
在街上(街上空气不好,还是不去!
)。
Who:
在公园里看到晨练的人:
中老年人、年轻人、小孩子;
中小学辅导网wangxiao.so提示您:
在校园里看到读书背单词的学生。
What:
人们热火朝天地做操,随音乐跳舞,打球,等等。
Why:
清晨空气清新,适合锻炼;
一日之际在于晨,背背书,读读单词。
当然,由这个题目可以令人想到很多东西,因篇幅所限,我们做了删减。
参考范文
AnEarlyMorningWalk
OnemorningIgotupveryearly,andeverythingaroundwasveryquiet.Thesunhadjustrisen,shiningbrilliantlyandeverythingseemedtobecoveredwithalayerofgoldensilk.Therewereonlysomebirdssingingoccasionallyinthetalltrees.Istrolledalongthestreettowardthepark,breathingthefreshairandfeelingextremelyhappy.
WhenIarrivedatthepark,Ifound,tomysurprise,thatthereweresomanypeoplethere.Menandwomen,boysandgirls,allwereenjoyingthemselvesintheirvariousactivities.Someweredoingmorningexercises,somewereplayingbadmintonandsomeoldpeoplewerehavingtheirteawhiletalkingtoeachothercheerfully.
Iwanderedaroundthepark.Tomydelight,Ifoundafewmiddle-schoolstudentstalkingtoeachotherinEnglishinonecornerofthepark.IwentupandspoketotheminEnglish.Wesoonbecamefriends.IwasverygladtofindanotheropportunitytopracticemyspokenEnglish.Onthewayhome,Irealizedthatanearlymorningwalkreallywasgoodandhealthful.Takingearlymorningwalksmakesonehealthyandwise.
【点评】文章按照时间顺序(inchronologicalorder),第一句话点明时间(Onemorning)、人物(第一人称“I”),并简要描述了早晨的特点(Whatwasthesetting),接着第二段第一句话交代地点(inthepark),然后介绍公园里人们及作者的活动(Whatwashappening),最后在文章结尾点题,即,归纳中心思想——Takingearlymorningwalksmakesonehealthyandwise.仅仅189个单词既满足了记叙文的“六大要素”,又有明确的中心思想和生动的细节,行文方式符合要求。
例二:
AMostUnluckyDay
1.以“AMostUnluckyDay”为题,想想该怎么写。
注意:
题目的中心词是“unlucky”。
When:
Where:
Who:
What:
Why:
How:
参考思路
When:
哪一天是最倒霉的日子?
考前的晚上?
公布成绩的日子?
周末?
Where:
在大街上违章停车?
在学校?
在商场?
在经常光顾的地方——食堂、餐厅、麦当劳、图书馆、溜冰场、投影厅?
Who:
是我倒霉?
是好友?
你?
那个蛋白质室友?
What:
拿到罚单?
上课上班迟到?
失恋?
被窃?
四级没过?
Why:
倒霉嘛,无非是运气不好,睡过头了、态度恶劣、偷懒、不刻苦…
How:
一团糟,挨批,心情极度沮丧,不过也无所谓嘛…
想完之后,我们再花点儿功夫将关联的东东挑出来,别忘了本文的中心是“unlucky”。
根据自己的思路,写一篇文章:
Ihadastreakoftoughluckyesterday.Everything,itseemedtome,wentwrong.AndIsimplycouldn’tunderstandwhyallthebadthingshappenedtomeinonesingleday.
Inthemorning,asluckwouldhaveit,myalarmclockdidn’tring,andwithanachingheadIwokeuphalfanhourlaterthanusual.Iwasinsuchahurrythat,whenmakinganomelet,Igotmyfingersburntandsplashedtheomeletalloverthefloorofthekitchen.
Havingnotimeformybreakfastatthatpoint,Irushedoutofmyhousewithanemptystomachandhurtingfingers.Ihadintendedtocatchthe7:
30subway,butsomehowIcouldn’tmakeit.IbecameverynervousatthemerethoughtofbeinglateformyEnglishclass,becausemyEnglishteacherisverystrictanddemanding,andhegetsangrywheneveranystudentislateforhisclass.
Aftergettingoffthe7:
40subway,Iracedallthewayfromthestationtomyschool,thinkingitwouldbeimpossibleformetoflagataxiatthishouroftheday.Atthecornerofthestreetnearmyschool,Iabruptlybumpedintoamanand,worseluck,broketheglassesIhadboughtfor500yuanjustlastweek.Withscarcelyanytimetoreceiveorofferanapology,Ijustkeptonrunningandrunning.Atlonglast,Iarrivedattheschoolonlytofind,withgreatsadnessmixedwithsomerelief,thattheschoolwasemptyandtheclassroomswerealllocked.ItwasSaturday.
Myillluckshowednosignofcomingtoanend.WhenIreturnedhomegreatlyfrustrated,Ifoundmyselflockedout.InmyhurryIhadforgottentobringthekeywithme.Justmyluck!
【点评】这篇文章按照时间顺序一气呵成。
文章的标题、第一句和最后一句都点出了中心思想:
“Ihadamostunluckyday”。
故事从作者醒来开始,在慌慌张张中煎蛋卷、赶地铁、急奔学校、撞破眼镜、发现白忙乎了一场,最后猛然清醒——匆忙之中忘了钥匙!
整个故事描述得精彩生动,既有动作的细节又有作者内心的感受,让读者也身临其境地体会了倒霉的一天。
例三:
叙述一场交通事故
A:
根据以下提示叙述一场交通事故:
1)用第一人称;
2)短语提示:
drivehomeatabout30kilometersanhour;
itwasdark;
asmallgirlchasedadog;
nothitherbuthitacarintheotherdirection3)写出作者对此交通意外的感想。
LastnightIwasdrivinghomefromwork.Ihadanaccident.Iwasfollowingbehindatruck,drivingatabout30kilometersanhour.Iwaswatchingthetrafficcarefullybecauseitwasgettingdark.
Suddenlyasmallgirlranontotheroadfromtheleft.Shewaschasingadogandshewasn’tpayinganyattentiontothetraffic.Iimmediatelyappliedthebrakesandturnedthesteeringwheelquicklytotheright.
Thegirljumpedtowardsthesideoftheroadassoonasshesawmycar.FortunatelyIdidnothither,butIhitacarcomingintheotherdirection.LuckilyIwasnotdrivingveryfastsothedamagewasnotserious.Itisbettertodamageacarthantoinjureayoungchild,Ithoughttomyself.
B:
以第一人称写一篇记叙文,讲述在旅行中经历的一件小事。
GoonaMediterraneanJourney
MywifeandIhavealwaysenjoyedtravelingbysea,andlastyearwedecidedtogoonaMediterraneanjourney.Althoughourholidaywasratherexpensivewethoughtthatthehighstandardofaccommodation,thefirst-classfoodandthemanyinterestingplaceswesawwerewellworththepricewepaid.
Wefoundthatmostoftheotherpassengerswerefriendlyandinteresting,buttherewasoneman,aMr.James,whoirritatedandannoyedus.Whateversubjectwetalkedabout,itseemedthathewasanexpertatit.Hehad,apparently,readmorebooks,visitedmorecountriesandstudiedmorelanguages,thananyoneelsehad.Afterafewdays,weateourmealsinsilence,becausenobodywantedtobeginaconversationthatwouldsoonbetakenoverbythisman.
Thenmywifehadanidea.Shesuggestedthatwemightthinkofanunusualsubject,lookitupinanencyclopediaandthentalkaboutitatdinner.Ifitwereanunusualsubject,Mr.Jamescouldnotpossiblyknowanythingaboutit.Thesubjectwechosewas“EnglishAgricultureintheEleventhCentury.”Atdinnerthatnightwediscussedthissubjectwithgreatenthusiasm.Mr.Jameswassilent.Werealizedwehadatlastcometofindsomethingheknewnothingabout.