优质新世纪大学英语第二版综合教程3课后习题答案完整版UNIT 3Word文档下载推荐.docx

优质新世纪大学英语第二版综合教程3课后习题答案完整版UNIT 3Word文档下载推荐.docx

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A）Someonewhoisgoodatmakingyoulaugh.

B）Someonewhoteachesyouhowtohavefun.

C）Someonewhowillstayinyourlifeforashorttime.

D）Someonewhocomesintoyourlifeonlyforfun.

4）Whatisalifetimefriend?

A）Someonewhoalwayshelpsyououtofdifficulties.

B）Someonewhounderstandsyoubetterthananyoneelse.

C）Someonewhohasexperiencedhardshipswithyou.

D）Someonewhotogetherwithyoumakesupasinglesoulintwobodies.

5）Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A）Threedifferentstagesoffriendship.

B）Threedifferenttypesoffriendshipinourlife.

C）Threedifferentwaysofgettingalongwithpeople.

D）Threedifferentlessonsonhowtobegoodtoyourfriends.

TaskTwoZoomingInontheDetails

Listentothepassageagainandfillineachoftheblanksaccordingtowhatyouhaveheard.

1）Peoplecomeintoourlifeforareason,foraseasonorforalifetime.

2）Whenyoufigureoutwhypeoplecomeintoyourlife,youwillknowexactlywhattodo.

3）Whensomeoneisinyourlifeforareason,itisusuallytomeetaneedyouhaveexpressedoutwardlyorinwardly.Theyhavecometohelpyououtofadifficulty,ortoprovideyouwithguidanceandsupport.

4）Whenpeoplecomeintoyourlifeforaseason,theymaybringyouanexperienceofpeaceormakeyoulaugh.

5）Lifetimefriendshipsarebasedontrustandunderstandingbetweenyouandyourfriend.Lifetimefriendshipsteachyoulifetimelessonsandyoushouldlearntoacceptthem.

ReadandExplore

TaskOneDiscoveringtheMainIdeas

1AnswerthefollowingquestionswiththeinformationcontainedinTextA.

1）Whydopeopletendtohaveathinunderstandingoffriendship?

Itisbecausethereisalackofsociallyacknowledgedcriteriaforwhatmakesapersonafriend.

2）WhatarethethreekindsoffriendshipaccordingtoAristotle?

Theyarefriendshipbasedonutility,friendshipbasedonpleasureandfriendshipbasedongoodness.

3）WhatdoesCiceroemphasizeinhisdefinitionoffriendship?

Heemphasizestheelementofvirtueinfriendship.

4）Whatismeantby“virtuousfriends”accordingtotheclassicalviews?

Virtuousfriendspossessmoralexcellenceandshareacommitmenttothegood.

2TextAcanbedividedintofourpartswiththeparagraphnumber（s）ofeachpartprovidedasfollows.Writedownthemainideaofeachpart.

PartParagraph（s）MainIdea

One1It’snecessarytoreviewsomeclassicalviewsoffriendshipinordertoacquireabetterunderstandingofit.

Two2–5AccordingtoAristotle,therearethreekindsoffriendship,whicharerespectivelybasedonutility,pleasureandgoodness.Friendshipbasedongoodnessisperfectandtotallydifferentfromfriendshipbasedonutilityorpleasure.

Three6AccordingtoCicero,truefriendshipisonlypossiblebetweengoodmen.Insuchfriendshipsandrelationships,thosewhopossessanysuperioritymustregardthemselvesasequalsofthosewhoarelessfortunate.

Four7Virtuousfriendsareboundbymoralexcellence,whichinvolvesahighlevelofdevelopmentandexpressionofthealtruisticemotionsofsympathy,concernandcare.

TaskTwoReadingBetweentheLines

Readthefollowingsentencescarefullyanddiscussinpairswhattheauthorsintendtosaybytheitalicisedparts.

1.Inonesetting,wemaydescribesomeoneasafriend;

inanother,thelabelmayseemlessappropriate.（Para.1）

Sincesocietylackssociallyacceptedcriteriaforwhatfriendshipis,apersonmaybedescribedasa“friend”inonecontextbutmaynotbesuitablycalledsoinanother.

2.Friendshipbetweentheyoungisthoughttobegroundedonpleasure,becausethelivesoftheyoungareregulatedbytheirfeelings,andtheirchiefinterestsareintheirownpleasureandtheopportunityofthemoment.（Para.4）

Itisbelievedthatyoungpeopletendtoregardpleasureasanessentialelementoffriendshipandthusbasetheirfriendshiponpleasure.

3.Suchfriendshipsarerarebecausemenofthiskindarefewandtheyneedtimeandintimacy;

forasthesayinggoes,truefriendsmustgothroughtrialsandtribulationstogether.（Para.5）

Itisnoteasytoestablishtruefriendshipsbecausethereisonlyasmallnumberofsuchgoodmenintheworldandittakestimeandefforttodevelopsuchfriendships.Thatiswhytruefriendshipsarerare.

4.Toperceiveafriend,therefore,isinamannertoperceiveoneself;

andtoknowafriendisinamannertoknowoneself.Eachcanbesaidtoprovideamirrorinwhichtheothermayseehimself.（Para.7）

Whentwopeoplearetruefriends,eachislikeamirrortotheother,whocanseewhatkindofapersonhehimselfhasprovedtobeandwhetherhehasmoralexcellenceornot.

5.Friendshipofthiskindnecessarilyinvolvesconversationsaboutwell-beingandofwhatmightbeinvolvedinlivingthegoodlife.（Para.7）

Wecanfindallthegoodqualitiesinvirtuousfriendsanditisthosequalitiesthatmakepermanentfriendshippossible.

CheckingYourVocabulary

WordDetective

1PutdowntherightwordfromTextBinthespaceprovidedaccordingtothegivendefinition.Thefirstletterofeachwordisalreadygiven.

Example:

keen:

（ofthemind,thesenses,etc.）good,strong,quickatunderstanding,etc.

1）correspond:

exchangelettersregularly

2）build:

shapeandsize,esp.ofthehumanbody

3）sensible:

reasonable;

havingorshowinggoodsense

4）brilliant:

verybright,splendid,orshowyinappearance

5）grasp:

takeorkeepafirmholdof,esp.withthehands

6）appoint:

arrangeordecide（esp.atimeorplacewhensomethingwillhappen）

7）hardware:

equipmentandtoolsforthehomeandgarden,suchaspans,gardentools,etc.

8）gaze:

looksteadily,esp.foralongtimeandoftenwithoutbeingconsciousofwhatoneisdoing

2FillineachblankwithawordorphrasefromTextB.Boththeexplanationandthenumberoftheparagraphinwhichthetargetwordorphraseappearsaregiveninbrackets.Besuretousetheproperform.

Weweretalkingonthephonewhen,allofasudden,thelinewentdead.

（suddenly:

Para.29）

1）Wouldyoujustcastyoureyes/aneyeoverthesecalculations（计算的结果）toseeifthereisanythingwrong?

（lookthroughsth.quickly:

Para.1）

2）Thesebeautifuloldhousesarebeingtorndowntomakewayforanewroad.

（pulldown:

Para.4）

3）Theownersoftherestaurantmustbemakingafortune—theyservequitesimplefoodatveryhighprices!

（earnalargeamountofmoney:

Para.6）

4）Themissinglettereventuallyturnedupinsideabook.

（makeone’sappearance:

Para.8）

5）Ihavelosttrackofthenumberoftimeshe’saskedmetolendhimsomemoney.

（failtokeepmyselfinformedabout:

6）Ifthere’snofurtherdiscussion,perhapswecanpassontothenextsubject.

（moveon:

Para.16）

7）Thepolicearecheckinguponwhatthemantoldthemabouttherobbery.

（examinetoseethetruthfulnessof:

8）Hewasunderarrestwhendrugswerefoundinhisbagatthecustoms（海关）.

（becapturedbythepolice:

Para.30）

CheckingYourComprehension

1AnswerthefollowingquestionswiththeinformationcontainedinTextB.

1）Wheredidthestorytakeplace?

ThestorytookplaceinNewYork.

2）Whatwasthepolicemandoingthatnight?

Hewasonnightduty,patrollingtheavenuesandtryingtopreventanypossiblecrimesonhisbeat.

3）Wheredidthemaninthedoorwayofahardwarestorecomefrom?

HecamefromthewesternpartoftheUnitedStates,whichwasstillwildandunder-developedatthattime.

4）Whywashestandingthere?

HewaswaitingbyappointmentforJimmyWells,thebestfriendofhisyouth.

5）Whatwastheappointmentabout?

Twentyyearsbefore,JimmyandBobhadmadeanappointmentthattheywouldmeetagaininthesamerestaurantexactlytwentyyearsfromthatdateandtime,nomatterwhattheirconditionsmightbeorfromwhatdistancetheymighthavetocome.

6）Whathappenedtothemanwhohadstoodinthedoorwayintheend?

Andwhy?

Hewasarrestedbyapolicemaninplainclothes,becausehewaswantedbytheChicagopolice.

7）Whowasthepolicemaninuniform?

HewasJimmyWells,Bob’sfriendofyouth.

8）Didthetwooldfriendsmeetthatnight?

Yes,theydidmeetthatnight,butinaveryspecialway.JimmyapproachedBobasapatrolman,talkingtoBobasiftheydidnotknoweachotherbefore.

2Readthefollowingsentencescarefullyanddiscussinpairswhattheauthorintendstosaybytheitalicisedparts.

1）Youcouldn’thavedraggedJimmyoutofNewYork;

hethoughtitwastheonlyplaceonearth.（Para.6）

HelovedNewYorksomuchthathepreferredtolivenowhereelse.

2）Thewaitingmanpulledoutahandsomewatch,thelidsofitsetwithsmalldiamonds.（Para.9）

Itwasaluxuriouswatch,handsomeandwithsmalldiamondssetonitslids.Judgingbythewatch,onemightthinkthathehadmadeafortuneintheWest.

3）Whentheycameintothisglare,eachofthemturnedsimultaneouslytogazeupontheother’sface.（Para.27）

Eachofthemwaseagertoknowwhatexactlytheother