英语语言学练习题含答案Word文档格式.docx
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6.
which
relates
itself
to
research
other
areas,
basic
concepts,
theories,
descriptions,
models
methods
applicable
any
linguistic
study.
7.
Phonetics
different
from
phonology
that
latter
combinations
sounds
convey
meaning
communication.
8.
Morphology
how
words
can
produce
meaningful
sentences.
9.
The
ways
morphemes
combined
form
called
morphology.
10.
Syntax
morphology
former
only
morphemes,
but
also
combination
into
11.
known
semantics.
12.
Both
semantics
pragmatics
meanings.
13.
Pragmatics
isolation,
context.
14.
Social
changes
often
bring
about
changes.
15.
Sociolinguistics
relation
society.
16.
Modern
mostly
prescriptive,
sometimes
descriptive.
17.
traditional
grammar.
18.
diachronic
description
at
some
point
time.
19.
regards
written
primary,
language.
20.
distinction
between
competence
performance
was
proposed
by
F.
de
Saussure.
Ⅱ.
Fill
blanks
with
one
word
begins
letter
given:
21.
Chomsky
defines
“competence”
ideal
user’s
k__________
rules
his
22.
Langue
refers
a__________
system
shared
all
members
speech
community
while
parole
concrete
use
conventions
application
rules.
23.
D_________
design
features
human
phenomenon
consists
two
levels:
lower
level
meaningless
individual
higher
units.
24.
Language
a_________
vocal
symbols
used
for
25.
discipline
governing
formation
permissible
sentences
s________.
26.
Human
capacity
has
g_______
basis,
details
have
taught
learned.
27.
P
_______
realization
langue
actual
use.
28.
Findings
applied
settlement
practical
problems.
such
applications
a________
linguistics.
29.
p___________
it
makes
possible
construction
interpretation
new
signals
its
users.
words,
they
understand
an
infinitely
large
number
never
heard
before.
30.
s
Ⅲ.
There
are
four
choices
statement.
Mark
choice
best
complete
statement:
31.
If
describes
analyzes
people
actually
use,
said
_______.
A.
prescriptive
B.
analytic
C.
descriptive
D.
32.
Which
feature
language?
Arbitrariness
Displacement
Duality
Meaningfulness
33.
primary
correct
secondary
stable
34.
modern
regarded
more
than
writing,
because
evolution,
prior
writing
plays
greater
role
terms
amount
information
conveyed
always
way
every
native
speaker
acquires
mother
tongue
All
above
35.
historical
synchronic
comparative
36.
Saussure
took
a（n）
view
looks
________
view.
sociological…psychological
psychological…sociological
applied…pragmatic
D.semantic…linguistic
37.
According
Saussure,
abstract
mem-
bers
community.
parole
langue
38.
arbitrary
there
no
logical
connection
sense
objects
ideas
39.
refer
contexts
removed
immediate
situations
speaker.
This
_______,
displacement
duality
flexibility
cultural
transmission
40.
passed
generation
next
through
rather
instinct.
learning
teaching
books
both
B
Ⅳ.
Define
terms:
41.
Linguistics
42.
Phonology
43.
Syntax
44.
45.
Psycholinguistics
46.
Language
47.
Phonetics
48.
Morphology
49.
Semantics
50.
Sociolinguistics
51.
Applied
52.
53.
Productivity
54.
Displacement
55.
56.
Design
Features
57.
Competence
58.
Performance
59.
Langue
60.
Parole
Suggested
answers
supplementary
exercises:
T
F
knowledge
Duality
syntax
genetic
Parole
productive
（or
systematic）
C
D
Linguistics:
Phonology:
put
together
communication
phonology.
Syntax:
syntax.
Pragmatics:
context
pragmatics.
Psycholinguistics:
reference
workings
mind
psycholinguistics.
Language:
Phonetics:
phonetics.
Morphology:
arranged
Semantics:
Sociolinguistics:
society
sociolinguistics.
linguistics:
narrow
sense,
principles
theories
learning,
especially
foreign
second
languages.
broad
findings
solution
problems
recovery
ability.
arbitrariness:
It
means
meanings
Productivity:
creative
Displacement:
things
present
present,
real
imagined
matters
past,
future,
far-away
places.
Duality:
nature
system,
sets
structure,
levels,
features:
defining
properties
distinguish
animal
Competence:
Performance:
langue:
community;
set
users
follow;
relatively
stable,
does
change
frequently
Parole:
use;
rules;
varies
person
person,
situation
situation.
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