浙江省杭州市中考英语复习同步训练八年级上册 Units 34精选教育文档Word文件下载.docx
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”接着幼儿听到雷声惊叫起来，我抓住时机说：
“这就是雷声隆隆。
”一会儿下起了大雨，我问：
“雨下得怎样?
”幼儿说大极了，我就舀一盆水往下一倒，作比较观察，让幼儿掌握“倾盆大雨”这个词。
雨后，我又带幼儿观察晴朗的天空，朗诵自编的一首儿歌：
“蓝天高，白云飘，鸟儿飞，树儿摇，太阳公公咪咪笑。
”这样抓住特征见景生情，幼儿不仅印象深刻，对雷雨前后气象变化的词语学得快，记得牢，而且会应用。
我还在观察的基础上，引导幼儿联想，让他们与以往学的词语、生活经验联系起来，在发展想象力中发展语言。
如啄木鸟的嘴是长长的，尖尖的，硬硬的，像医生用的手术刀―样，给大树开刀治病。
通过联想，幼儿能够生动形象地描述观察对象。
阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
我国古代的读书人,从上学之日起,就日诵不辍,一般在几年内就能识记几千个汉字,熟记几百篇文章,写出的诗文也是字斟句酌,琅琅上口,成为满腹经纶的文人。
为什么在现代化教学的今天,我们念了十几年书的高中毕业生甚至大学生,竟提起作文就头疼,写不出像样的文章呢?
吕叔湘先生早在1978年就尖锐地提出:
“中小学语文教学效果差,中学语文毕业生语文水平低,……十几年上课总时数是9160课时,语文是2749课时,恰好是30%,十年的时间,二千七百多课时,用来学本国语文,却是大多数不过关,岂非咄咄怪事!
”寻根究底,其主要原因就是腹中无物。
特别是写议论文,初中水平以上的学生都知道议论文的“三要素”是论点、论据、论证,也通晓议论文的基本结构:
提出问题――分析问题――解决问题,但真正动起笔来就犯难了。
知道“是这样”,就是讲不出“为什么”。
根本原因还是无“米”下“锅”。
于是便翻开作文集锦之类的书大段抄起来,抄人家的名言警句,抄人家的事例,不参考作文书就很难写出像样的文章。
所以,词汇贫乏、内容空洞、千篇一律便成了中学生作文的通病。
要解决这个问题,不能单在布局谋篇等写作技方面下功夫,必须认识到“死记硬背”的重要性,让学生积累足够的“米”。
（2019·
浙江嘉兴中考）Ihavefivechildren,soourhouseisalwaysnoisy.
与当今“教师”一称最接近的“老师”概念，最早也要追溯至宋元时期。
金代元好问《示侄孙伯安》诗云：
“伯安入小学，颖悟非凡貌，属句有夙性，说字惊老师。
”于是看，宋元时期小学教师被称为“老师”有案可稽。
清代称主考官也为“老师”，而一般学堂里的先生则称为“教师”或“教习”。
可见，“教师”一说是比较晚的事了。
如今体会，“教师”的含义比之“老师”一说，具有资历和学识程度上较低一些的差别。
辛亥革命后，教师与其他官员一样依法令任命，故又称“教师”为“教员”。
1，Ilovegardeningandmygardenhelpsmerelax.
“教书先生”恐怕是市井百姓最为熟悉的一种称呼，从最初的门馆、私塾到晚清的学堂，“教书先生”那一行当怎么说也算是让国人景仰甚或敬畏的一种社会职业。
只是更早的“先生”概念并非源于教书，最初出现的“先生”一词也并非有传授知识那般的含义。
《孟子》中的“先生何为出此言也？
”；
《论语》中的“有酒食，先生馔”；
《国策》中的“先生坐，何至于此？
”等等，均指“先生”为父兄或有学问、有德行的长辈。
其实《国策》中本身就有“先生长者，有德之称”的说法。
可见“先生”之原意非真正的“教师”之意，倒是与当今“先生”的称呼更接近。
看来，“先生”之本源含义在于礼貌和尊称，并非具学问者的专称。
称“老师”为“先生”的记载，首见于《礼记?
曲礼》，有“从于先生，不越礼而与人言”，其中之“先生”意为“年长、资深之传授知识者”，与教师、老师之意基本一致。
Foralongtime,I2thegardenofpeaceandquiet.Whenthechildren
followedmeintothegarden,Iwouldexpect3tobeoutofsight.AndIwould
handouttasks.
“Here:
you4theonions,youdigtheholes,and...”Soontheywouldbe
5ortheirarmswouldbesore（酸痛的）,andtheywouldleavemetomyself.
Butduringarecentspring,6Iwasworkinginthegarden,my13 year old
son,Josiahnoticedme.He7atoolandbeganhelping.Workingasateam,we
finishedthejobinnotimeatall.I8Josiah,realizingthatI'
denjoyedworking
withhim.
Thesamethinghappened—oneortwoofthe9wouldappearandjoinin
thegardeningfromtimetotime.Eachtime,Iwouldfeel10thattheworkwas
lighterbecauseoftheirhelp.
Oneday,whenIwaspickingthepeas（豌豆）andhavingataste11，Abby
sawmeandranover.Iputseveralpeasintohermouth.Shejustlovedhow12
theywere.
“Mama,Iwanttheotherstotrythemtoo.”
Suddenly,IrealisedIhadbeenwrongforlong.I'
dtriedtokeepthe13of
gardeningtomyself,andherewasachildwhocouldn'
twaitto14withothers.
“Sure,honey,let'
spicksome.We'
llmakeawonderfulsupper.”
NowIenjoyallofthegarden'
sbeautieswiththechildren.Webringthe15
backhome,preparingandcookingtheproducetogether,becauseweknowthat
everythingisbetterwhenshared.
1．A.FinallyB．QuicklyC．LuckilyD．Immediately
2．A.paintedB．guardedC．refusedD．described
3．A.itB．himC．heD．them
4．A.waterB．eatC．sellD．cook
5．A.hotB．shyC．sorryD．nervous
6．A.soB．ifC．whileD．unless
7．A.waitedforB．pickedupC．pointedatD．lookedafter
8．A.hatedB．forgotC．savedD．thanked
9．A.friendsB．childrenC．visitorsD．neighbors
10．A.boredB．sillyC．afraidD．surprised
11．A.aloneB．sadlyC．togetherD．instead
12．A.safeB．tastyC．famousD．expensive
13．A.traditionB．standardC．happinessD．background
14．A.liveB．agreeC．workD．share
15．A.meatB．breadC．fruitsD．drinks
二、阅读理解
阅读下面材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
（2019·
浙江杭州中考）Doyouknowwhenrestaurantswereinvented?
Thefirst
restaurantswereinventedthousandsyearsago.However,theywereverydifferent
fromrestaurantstoday.
ThefirstrestaurantswereinancientGreeceandancientRome.Theserestaurants
servedfoodinlargestonebowls.Peopledidn'
torderfoodfromamenu.Everyone
usedtosharethefoodfrombigbowls.Peoplebelievethattheseplaceswerevery
popularbecausemosthomesinancientGreeceandRomedidnothavekitchens.Also,peopledidn'
thavetostorefoodathomeiftheyatetheirmealsattheserestaurants.
Later,restaurantsbegantoopeninChina.Intheearly1100s,morethan1million
peopleliveinthecityofHangzhou,China.Itwasaverybusycity,andpeoplehad
money.Allofthesepeoplehadtoeat.Smartcooksstartedcookingandsellingfood
alongtheImperialWay,averybigstreetinthecity.UnlikeinancientGreeceand
Rome,peopleinChinacouldchoosefoodfromamenu.Theydidn'
thavetoeatthe
samefoodaseveryoneelse.
Forthenextseveralcenturies,therewererestaurantsallovertheworld.People
couldbuyfoodonthestreetoratinns—smallhotels.Theninthemiddleofthe1700s,restaurantsstartedopeninginParis.Theserestaurantsweremoresimilarto
restaurantsweknowtoday.Therewasabiggervarietyoffood,andeatinginthese
restaurantswasamoreenjoyableexperience.Inthe19thcentury,trainsmadetravel
muchfasterandsimpler.Intheend,thiskindofrestaurantbegantoappearallover
Europeandinotherpartsoftheworld.
Now,restaurantsareeverywhere.Youcanbuyavarietyofdifferentkindsof
food.Youcanhavefoodsenttoyourdoor.Butrememberitwasn'
talwayslikethat.
1．Itisbelievedthatthesefirstrestaurantswerepopularbecause．
A．peoplecouldeatdifferentfood
B．thefoodtherewasverycheap
C．peoplewereverybusytocook
D．mosthomesdidn'
thavekitchens
2．HowweretherestaurantsinHangzhoudifferentfromthefirstrestaurants?
A．Theyofferedmenustocustomers.
B．Theyusuallyservedthesamefood.
C．Theysoldthefoodinlargestonebowls.
D．Theypreparedfoodforallpeopleinthecity.
3．Theunderlinedpart“theserestaurants”inParagraph4means．
A．restaurantsinancientGreeceandancientRome
B．restaurantsinHangzhouintheearly1100s
C．restaurantsinParisinthemiddleofthe1700s
D．restaurantsalloverEuropeinthe19thcentury
4．Theauthorwrotethisarticleto．
A．helpustochooserestaurants
B．tellusthehistoryofrestaurants
C．encourageustoeatatrestaurants
D．showusthechangesofeatinghabits
三、词汇运用
A．用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。
每词仅用一次，每空一词。
1．MaryandCarolarebothinmusic.
2．“Timeismoney”isoneofmyfavorite．
3．Whenyoumyage,youwillunderstandmore.
4．Theshopnearmyhomesellsclothesvery．
5．ChonghemenCinemaismuchtoourschool.Let'
sgothereandwatchamovie.
B．根据短文内容和所给中文提示，在空白处写出单词的正确形式。
每空限填一词。
Mymotherisabeautifulwoman.Herdreamwastobeagoodactresswhenshe
studiedatschool.Inherclass,shewasthemost1.（有创造性的）person.In
2.（事实上），sheoftenperformedintheschoolshowsandgotmanygood
3.（奖项）.Shealsoenjoyedwatchingsomeshows，4.（虽然）some
peoplethoughttheperformersmadeuptheirlives.Momsaidtheywerefuntowatch
ifwedidn'
ttaketheseshowstoo5.（严肃地）.
However,aftersheleftschool,Iwasborn.Shehadto6.（选择）tocome
backtoLinhaibecausemyfatherworkedforLinhaiRadioStationasa
7.（记者）atthattime.
Momisagoodmother.Shereally8.（关心）aboutmeandalwayscooks
the9.（最新鲜的）foodforme.Wehavealotofthingsincommon.Welike
10.（分享）everything.IlovemymotherandIhopetomakeherdream
cometrueoneday.
四、任务型阅读
补全短文。
根据短文内容，从短文后的A～F选项中，选出五个适当的选项补全短文。
Dependingontheunderlyingcauseofyourdissatisfaction,theremaybeseveral
waystoincreaseyourjobsatisfaction.
1．Changingyourattitudeaboutworkwon'
tnecessarilyhappen
overnight.Butifyou'
realerttowaysyourviewofworkbringsyoudown,youcan
improveyourjobsatisfaction.Trythesetechniques：
2．Payattentiontothemessagesyougiveyourself.Whenyoucatch
yourselfthinkingyourjobisterrible,stopthethoughtinitstracks.Putthingsin
perspective.Remember,everyoneencountersgooddaysandbaddaysonthejob.
3．“Reframing”canhelpyoufindthegoodinabadsituation.For
example,youreceivealessthanperfectperformanceappraisalandyourbosswarns
youtoimproveormovetoanotherjob.Insteadoftakingitpersonallyorlookingfor
anotherjobrightaway,lookforthesilverlining.Dependingonwhereyouwork,the
silverliningmaybeattendingcontinuingeducationclasses,workingcloselywitha
performancecoachandhavingthesatisfactionofshowingyourbossyou'
recapable
ofchange.
4．Failureisoneofthegreatestlearningtools,butmanypeoplelet
failuredefeatthem.Whenyoumakeamistakeatwork,learnfromitandtryagain.
5．Gratitudecanhelpyoufocusonwhat'
spositiveaboutyourjob.
Askyourself,“WhatamIgratefulforatworktoday？
”Ifit'
sonlythatyou'
rehaving
lunchwithatrustedco worker,that'
sOK.Butfindatleastonethingyou'
regrateful
forandsavorit.
Whetheryourworkisajob,acareeroracalling,youcantakestepstorestore
meaningtoyourjob.Makethebestofdifficultworksituationsbybeingpositive.
Doingsowillhelpyoumanageyourstr
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