南京师范大学附属实验学校届高三英语语法专题复习讲义4.docx
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南京师范大学附属实验学校届高三英语语法专题复习讲义4
高三英语语法专题复习讲义（4）
Part1高考高频短语（4）
1.（09江苏）----I'msurprisedtohearthatSueandPaulhave__ .
----SoamI.TheyseemedveryhappytogetherwhenIlastsawthem.
A.brokenup B.finishedup C.dividedup D.closedup
2.（09江西）Itisreportedthatthepolicewillsoon____thecaseoftwomissingchildren.
A.lookupon B.lookafter C.lookinto D.lookout
3.（09海南）Itriedphoningheroffice,butIcouldn’t__________
A.getalong B.geton C.getto D.getthrough
4.（10安徽）Ihaven’tseenSarasinceshewasalittlegirl,andshehaschangedbeyond_______
A.hearingBstrengthC.recognitionD.measure
5（10江西）Lastyearthenumberofstudentswhograduatedwithadrivinglicensereached200,000,a（n）______of40,000peryear.
AaverageBnumberCamountDquantity
6.（10山东）Thosewhosufferfromheadachewillfindtheyget______fromthismedicine.
A.reliefB.safetyC.defenseD.shelter
7（10天津）Jamestookthemagazinesoffthelittletabletomakeforthetelevision.
A.roomB.areaC.fieldD.position
8（10江苏）Thedoctorisskilledattreatinghearttroubleandneveracceptsanygiftfromhispatients,sohehasaverygood_____.
A.expectationB.reputationC.contributionD.civilization
9（湖北）Thisrestauranthasbecomepopularforitswideoffoodsthatsuitalltastesandpockets.
A.divisionB.areaC.rangeD.circle
10.Aftertheearthquake,thefirstthingthelocalgovernmentdidwastoprovideforthehomelessfamilies.
A.accommodationB.occupationC.equipmentD.furniture.
Part2Grammar:
Nounclause
Revision
1.Oneofthemostimportantquestionstheyhadtoconsiderwasofpublichealth（09海南）
A.whatB.thisC.thatD.which
2.Asanewdiplomat,heoftenthinksofhecanreactmoreappropriatelyonsuchoccasions.（09上海）
A.whatB.whichC.thatD.how
3.Newscamefromtheschooloffice________WangLinhadbeenadmittedtoBeijingUniversity.（09四川）
A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where
4.Itisobvioustothestudents______theyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture.（09天津）
A.asB.whichC.whetherD.that
5．－Isthereanypossibility______youcouldpickmeupattheairport?
（09天津）－Noproblem.
A.WhenB.thatC.whetherD.what
6We should consider the students’request_theschoollibraryprovidemorebooksonpopularscience.（09重庆）
A.that B.whenC.which D.where
7.ManyyoungpeopleintheWestareexpectedtoleave__ couldbelife’smostimportantdecision—marriage—almostentirelyuptoluck.（09江苏）
A.as B.that C.which D.what
8.Thelittlegirlwhogotlostdecidedtoremain_________shewasandwaittorhermother.（09山东）
A.whereB.whatC.howD.who
Analysis
一．名词性从句概念及分类
1.判断下列句子属于哪种名词性从句
●Whathewantsisabook.
●Itissonicethatwecanlearnthisgrammarpointtogether.
●I’msogladthatIcanmakefriendswithyou.
●Thisiswhyhedidit.
●Doyouagreetothesuggestionthatwe（should）haveatripinTibet?
●Thathewantsabookiscertain.
●Isuggestedjustnowwe（should）takepartinthiscompetition.
●Whetheryoulikehimornotdoesn’tmattertoomuch.
●Hedoesn’tknowwhetheryoucansingitwell.
●Theproblemiswhetheryoucansingitwell.
●Theproblemwhetheritisrightorwronghasnotbeendecided.
●Pleasetellmewhoyourmonitoris.
2.在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句.名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
1）宾语从句：
从句在句中充当宾语成分（可以作谓语动词、介词的宾语）
●________________________________________________________________
●________________________________________________________________
●________________________________________________________________
●Idon’tknow_________broketheglassyesterday.
●Weshouldpayattentionto______theteacherissaying.
●Theteacherasked______Iwasgettingonwithmyclassmates.A.whatB.thatC.howD.if
●Wethought______strangethatshedidn’tcomeyesterday.A.thatB.itC.thisD.what
2）主语从句：
从句在句中充当主语成分
●_________________________________________________________________________________
●_________________________________________________________________________________
●ThatIcanpaybackthehelppeoplegivememakesmehappy.
●Whetherhewillbeabletocomeisnotyetknown.
●Whytheyhavenotleftyetisunclear.
●Whoevercomesiswelcome.
●It’suncertainwhether/ifhewillsucceed.
●Itwasgoodnewsthateveryonegotbackearly.
⏹______makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.
A.WhatB.WhoC.WhateverD.Whoever
⏹______Icanpaybackthehelpthatpeoplegivememakesmeveryhappy.
A.WhereB.WhatC.ThatD.How
●It’snotclear________wasresponsiblefortheaccident.
A.WhoB.WhatC.HowD.That
3）表语从句：
从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系动词之后
______________________________________________________________________________________
Thetruthisthatthefogistoothickforthebustorunthatfar.
MyquestioniswhetherPollycanfindherwayhome.
TheproblemishowPollyisgoingtofindusinthecrowd.
Note
1.Thereason_______wedidn'ttrusthimis______hehasoftenlied．
★如果主语为reason,表语从句连词只能用__________________.
2.他的建议是我们应该马上完成工作.__________________________________________________________
★如果句子的主语是suggestion,advice.order,demand,proposal,等名词时,后面引导的表语从句用should+动词原形,should可省略.
1.Thisis______shewasborn.
A.whereB.whichC.thatD.what
2.Thequestionis______wecan’tgotheretoday.
A.thatB.whatC.whichD.when
3.Thereasonhehasmadesuchgreatprogressis_______hehasneverwastedhistime.
A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.what
4.Myadviceisthathe______schoolbybike.
A.gotoB.wouldgotoC.goestoD.wentto
5.___shecouldn’tunderstandwas___fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.
A.What;whyB.That;what
C.What;becauseD.Why;that
4）同位语从句.在句中充当同位语成分，其一般跟在一些抽象名词（idea/belief/fact/truth/problem/news/doubt等）后面，对名词作进一步解释说明
●______________________________________________________________+V谓语+…….
ThefactthatPollydidn’taskfortheman’snameisapity.
Thenewsthattheplanehadcrashedmadeussad.
Ihavenoideawhenshewillbeback.
●Weallknowthetruth_____theearthgoesroundthesun.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whether
●Weheardthenews______ourteamhadwon.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.where
●Theproblem______itisrightorwronghasnotyetbeendecided.
A.whichB.thatC.whetherD.if
●There’safeelinginme_______we’llneverknowwhataUFOis-----notever.
A.thatB.whichC.ofwhichD.what
●Itremainsaquestion______wecangetsomuchmoneyinsuchashorttime.
A.howB.thatC.whenD.what
同位语从句和定语从句的区别
●Weexpressedthehopethattheyhadexpressed.
●WeexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometoChinaagain.
●Theinformationhasbeenannouncedthatmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversity.
●Theinformationthathegaveatthemeetingisofgreatvalue.
●Thefirstrequestthathemadewastoaskforfreedom.
●Hemadeanexcusethathiscarbrokedownontheway.
●定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的具体内容。
定语从句中that不但起连接作用，而且在定语从句中充当一个句子成分，充当从句的宾语成分时可省略。
●同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具体内容。
引导同位语从句的that在同位语从句中不做任何成分,只起连接作用,无具体含义,且不可省略.
二．名词性从句连接词的用法
1.引导名词性从句的连接词：
可分为三类：
连接词：
that,whether,if（不充当从句的任何成分）连接代词：
what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which.连接副词：
when,where,how,why
2.名词性从句连接词的选用
that和what的选用
1）______hewantsisabook.2）______hewantstogothereisobvious.
3）.Theresultis______wewonthegame.4）.Thisis_____wewanttoknow.
5）.Is_____hetoldustrue?
6）.Weshouldpayattentionto______theteacherissaying.
7）.Ihavenodoubt_____hewillcome.8）.Ihavenoidea_____hedidthatafternoon.
that和what都可引导所有的名词从句。
但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。
而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。
if和whether的选用
Iaskedher__________shehadabike.
________wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.
We’reworriedabout________heissafe.
Idon’tknow___________heiswellornot.
Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.
Thequestionis_________heshoulddoit.
Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion________theoldmanwillrecoversoon.
Idon’tknow_______togo.
1:
_______we'llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where
2:
Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis_______mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.
A.whenB.howC.whetherD.why
3:
Itworriedherabit_______herhairwasturninggray.A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for
只用whether,不能使用if的情况：
a.引导主语从句,且位于句首（it用作形式主语时可用if引导）b.引导表语从句c.引导同位语从句
e.介词后的宾语从句f.whethertodo做动词宾语不能用iftodo.
g.whetherornot连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if.h.if引起歧义时
连接副词：
when,where,how,why.
主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确地选择who、which、when、where、why、how等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。
________weshallholdoursportsmeetingisnotdecided.
Idon’tknow_________broketheglassyesterday.Ihavenoidea_________helookslike.
Thisis_________Ileftmyglasses.
2.名词性从句的其他问题
1）名词性从句的语序问题：
疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用陈述句语序，不能用一般疑问句语序。
例1.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee___________.（NMET2000）
A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis
例2.Canyoumakesure______thegoldring?
（NMET1990）
A.whereAlicehadputB.wheredidAliceputC.whereAlicehasputD.wherehasAliceput
2考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题
Itisnecessarythatacollegestudent______atleastaforeignlanguage.（上海1993）
A.mastersB.shouldmasterC.masteredD.willmaster
（1）在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等,谓语动词用虚拟语气"（should）+do",常用的句型有:
I.Itisnecessary（important,natural,strange,etc.）that...
II.Itisapity（ashame,nowonder,etc.）that...
III.Itis
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