高考必备高中英语动词时态语态讲解及练习附答案Word格式文档下载.docx
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3.Brian(notlive)inChina.
4.LiMingwithme(be)inBeijing.
5.Ifit(notrain)tomorrow,wewillgotothepark.
6.Ourteachersaidthattheearth(go)aroundthesunyesterday.
7.He(help)theoldmaneveryweek.
8.Theoldman(help)byhimeveryweek.
9.Thebuilding(visit)bymanypeopleeveryyear.
一一般现在时
(一)定义:
主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点;
表示经常或习惯性的动作,句子中常有often,always,fromtimetotime等时间状语;
表示客观规律和永恒真理等
Heusuallygoestoworkat7o’clockeverymorning.
Theearthgoesaroundthesun.
GuangzhouissituatedinthesouthofChina.
(二)标志词:
always,usually,often,sometimes,hardlyever,everyweek(day,year,month…),
once/twiceaweek,onSundays,
(三)谓语动词构成:
,“在”)
(四).基本结构:
1,肯定句:
主语+谓语(+其他的)
Helovessports.Janeisanoutgoinggirl.
(主语He是三单,又是肯定句,所以谓语动词发生变形,加上了s)
TomandTimbothhavemediumheight.
Hehasabigmouth.Welikethedogverymuch.
2,否定句:
主语+don’t或者doesn’t+动词原形+其他(在be或者后面加上dodoes)
Candydoesn’tdoherhouseworkeveryday.Wedon’tdance.
Heisn’taworker.
3,一般疑问句:
Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其他?
(把be或者dodoes提到主语的前面)
DoesshelikeEnglish?
Yes,shedoes.No,shedoesn’t.
Doyouswiminsummer?
Areyouateacher?
4,特殊疑问句:
疑问词+一般疑问句WheredoesTomcomefrom?
(五)一般现在时态用法
(1)经常性或习惯性的动作,常与这样的时间状语连用:
eg:
Wealwayshelpeachother.Itoftensnowsinwinter.Igetupearlyeverymorning.
(2)表示主语现在的特征、性格、能力等。
Helovessports.Janeisanoutgoinggirl.TomandTimbothhavemediumheight.
(3)表示客观、普遍真理
eg:
Twoandfourmakessix.Waterboilsat100℃Themoonmovesroundtheearth。
Theearthmovesaroundthesun.ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.
(4)表示格言或警句中。
Pridegoesbeforeafall.骄者必败。
(六)一般现在时态的考点:
考点一:
表示永恒真理(结合宾语从句考点)即使出现在过去的语境中,仍用一般现在时。
Ourteachersaidthattheearthgoes(go)aroundthesunyesterday.
IlearnedthattheearthgoesaroundthesunwhenIwasinprimaryschool.
考点二:
一般现在时态表将来的情况
1.:
在时间和条件状语从句中,代替一般将来时;
常用的引导词后面用现在时态表将来。
时间状语从句的标志语:
when,until,after,before,assoonas,once,themoment/theminute,theday;
条件状语从句的标志语:
if,unless,provided.
IwillgiveittohimassoonasIseehimtomorrow.明天我一看见他就交给他。
Hewillcomeifyouinvitehim.如果你请他,他会来的。
Supposehedoesn’tagree,whatshallwedo?
假如他不同意,那怎么办?
IshalldoasIplease.我高兴怎么做就怎么做。
Hewillcontinuetheworknomatterwhathappens.
ifheacceptsthejob,hewillgetmoremoneysoon.
2:
在makesure(certain),seetoit,mind,care,matter+宾语从句,从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
Solongasheworkshard,Idon’tmindwhenhefinishestheexperiment.
只要他努力工作,我不介意他什么时候做完试验。
Seetoitthatyouarenotlateagain.注意别再迟到了。
3:
在themore…themore…(越……越……)句型中,若主句是一般将来时,从句通常用一般现在时,因为前者相当于条件状语从句
Theharderyoustudy,thebetterresultsyouwillget.
4.表示按计划或时间表将要发生的动作,通常有表示将来的时间状语。
如:
Theplanetakesoffat11:
30andarrivesinShanghaiatl:
20.
飞机十一点半起飞,一点二十分抵达上海。
Themeetingbeginsat8:
00.
注意:
只限于少数动词能这样用,如begin,start,,end,finish,stop,go,come,leave,sail,arrive,return,close,open(一般都是瞬间动词这样用一般现在时表示将来的动作)等。
考点三:
以here,there等开始的倒装句,动词多为go,come等,用一般现在时态表示动作正在进行。
Herecomesthebus.=Thebusiscoming.车来了。
Theregoesthebell.=Thebellisringing.
(2006四川)Lookatthetimetable.Hurryup!
Flight4026offat18:
AtakesBtookCwillbetakenDhastaken
(2010四川)19.Ifyouhaveajob,_________yourselftoitandfinallyyou’llsucceed.
A.dodevoteB.don'
tdevoteC.devotingD.notdevoting
一专项练习:
1Jenny____inanoffice.Herparents____inahospital.
Awork,worksBworks,workCwork,areworkingDisworking,work
2Oneoftheboys_____ablackhat.
AhaveBthereisCthereareDhas
3Wewillgoshoppingifit____tomorrow.
Adon'
trainBdidn'
trainCdoesn'
trainDisn'
train
4Hesaidthesun____intheeastand____inthewest.
Arose;
setBrises;
setsCrises,setDrise;
sets
5WangMei____musicandoften____tomusic.
Alike;
listenBlikes;
listensClike;
arelisteningDliking;
listen
6Jenny____Englisheveryevening.
AhasstudyBstudiesCstudyDstudied
二用适当的动词填空。
1.Ifit(notrain)tomorrow,wewillgotothepark.
2.Ourteachersaidthattheearth(go)aroundthesunyesterday.
3.He(play)footballverywell.We(play)footballverywell.
4.Jenny(has)agoodfriend?
5.Brian(notlive)inChina.
6.LiMingwithme(be)inBeijing.
8.Theoldman(help)byhimeveryweek.
11.Thebuilding(visit)bymanypeopleeveryyear.
20._________youstudyEnglishatschool?
Yes,I___________.(do)
21._______yoursisterstudyEnglishatschool?
No,she_________.(do)
22.I'
m_________better.(feel)23.Why______Tomabsenttoday?
(be)
23.I________(write)toyouassoonasI_______(get)toLondon.
24.Hedoesn'
tfeelwelland____________(noteat)anyfoodthismorning.
25.He________(notsee)mecomein,forhe_____(read)somethingwithgreatinterest.
26.I_________(let)you(have)thebookassoonasI_______(finish)it.
27.Whilewe______(wait)forourteacher,alittleboy_______(run)uptous.
28.Don'
tmakeaniose.Grandpa__________(sleep).
29.It'
ssevennow,Tom'
sfamily__________(watch)TV.
30.It________(take)metwohourstofinishmyhomeworklastnight.
31.What______yourmother_______(do)ateightyesterdayevening?
--------She_______(wash)clothes.
32._______it______(rain)whenschoolwasoveryesterday?
33.What_______you(do)_______tomorrow?
------We________(play)football.
34.There________(be)afootballmatchonTVthisevening.
35.Theysaidthey________(visit)theGreatWallthenextsummerholiday.
36.Who_______(dance)thebestinyourclass?
37.Willyoucomeifhe_____________(notcome)?
38.Theteachertoldustheearth__________(move)roundthesun.
39She________(buy)asweateryesterday.
40.They_______(have)apartyinthegardenifit_____(notrain)tomorrow.
41.Idon'
tknowifMr.Wang______(fly)toShanghaitomorrow.Ifhe_____(fly)there,I____(ask)him_____(take)somebookstomydaughter,becauseshe____(study)there.
42IfI(be)you,Iwouldn’tgowithhim.
Ifyou(help)uslastnight,we(finish)thework.
二现在进行时
(一)
现在进行时定义和标志语:
1.表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动:
标志语:
now,atthistime,thesedays,look,listen,(做提示语的时候)It’s…o’clock,
Thehouseisbeingbuiltthesedays.
2.或表感情色彩,加强语气。
频率副词always,constantly,continually,again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩(赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等)。
WearehavingEnglishclass.
Thelittleboyisalwaysmakingtrouble.
(二)谓语动词时态构成:
am/is/are+doing
(三)谓语动词被态语态构成:
am/is/are+being+done
助动词(am,is,are)只随主语变化。
如下表:
I
he,she,it
you,we,they
(包括单数名词)(包括复数名词)
am
is
are
(四)句型变化:
1肯定句:
主语+助动词(am,is,are)+现在分词(v.-ing)+其它。
Theyareworkinginafactorythesedays.
2否定句:
主语+助动词(am,is,are)not+现在分词(v.-ing)+其它。
Theyaren’tworkinginafactorythesedays.
3一般疑问句:
一般疑问句把be提到主语前面。
Aretheyworkinginafactorythesedays.
4特殊疑问句:
特殊疑问词+一般疑问句?
Whataretheydoingnow?
(五)、现在进行时的基本用法:
1.表示现在(指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情或者当前在发生的动作。
例如:
Wearewaitingforyou.我们正在等你。
Moreandmorepeoplearegivingupsmoking.
2.习惯进行:
表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行。
Mr.Greeniswritinganothernovel.
他在写另一部小说。
(说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态。
3.表示渐变,这样的动词有:
get,grow,become,turn,run,go,begin等。
Theleavesareturningred.It'
sgettingwarmerandwarmer.
4.与always,constantly,forever等词连用,表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,往
往带有说话人的主观色彩。
Youarealwayschangingyourmind.你老是改变主意。
Whenareyouleaving?
AreyougoingtoTibettomorrow?
I'
mleavingforatrekinNepalnextweek.(已经安排了)
we'
reflyingtoParistomorrow.(票已经拿到了)
(六)、不用进行时的动词(状态动词不用于进行时态,多用一般现在时态或者
其他时态)
(1)表示知道或者了解以及决定的词:
accept,finish,give,,decide,believe,,know,
understand,want,wish,think,see,Iacceptyouradvice.我接受你的劝告。
(2).表示“看起来”“看上去"
look,seem
Youseemalittletired.你看上去有点累。
(3)表示喜爱或不喜爱hate,like.loveHelikesapples.
(4)表示构成或来源的动词befrom,comefrom.
(5)表示感官的动词,系动词,sound,smell,tastefeel,
Themusicsoundsinteresting.
(6)表示拥有包括的动词need.own.belongto,cost,have等。
Ihavetwobrothers.Thishousebelongstomysister.
在时间状语或条件状语从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。
Lookoutwhenyouarecrossingthestreet.
Don'
twakehimupifheisstillsleepingat7tomorrowmorning.
表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作(这时多有表示将来的时间状语)。
多是表示位置转移的动词go,come,start,move,sail,leave,arrive,stay,live,fly,get等可用现在进行时表示已经确定或安排好的将来活动MarryisleavingonFriday.
专项训练:
1.What_________you__________(do)?
I________(sing)anEnglishsong.
2.What________he____________(mend)?
He____________(mend)acar.
3.______you__________(fly)akite?
Yes,_______.
4.______she___________(sit)intheboat?
5.______you_____________(ask)questions?
6.We_______________(play)gamesnow.
7Where’sourteacher?
-He______________(watch)afootballmatchontheplaygroundnow.
8.Don’tmakeanynoise.Jim___