卫生A级Word格式.docx

卫生A级Word格式.docx

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AhitBpassedCreachedDled

4.Sometimesitisadvisabletobookhotelsinadvance.

ApossibleBprofitableCeasyDwise

5.Thereasonfortheirunusualbehaviorremainsapuzzle.

AfactBmysteryCstatementDgame

6.Thatguyisreallywitty.

AsmartBuglyChonorableDpopular

7.Theworldchampionsufferedasensationaldefeat.

AreasonableBdramaticChumiliatingDhorrifying

8.ItseemsthatonlyMaryiseligibleforthejob.

ApreparedBtrainedCqualifiedDguided

9.Thispoemdepictsthebeautifulsceneryofatowninthesouth.

ApraisesBwritesCimitatesDdescribes

10.Themeaningisstillobscure.

AvagueBtransparentCalienDsignificant

11.Dumpedwastemightcontaminatewatersupplies.

AdestroyBdecreaseCdelayDpollute

12.OnetheorypostulatesthattheancientFilipinoscamefromIndiaandPersia.

AassumesBexpectsCpredictsDconsiders

13.Itisverydifficultforachildtoadheretorules.

ArememberBfollowCunderstandDlearn

14.IhopethatIdidn’tdoanythingabsurd1astnight.

AawkwardBstrangeCstupidDawful

15.Thereshouldbelawsthatprohibitsmokingaroundchildren.

AforbidBadvocateCinheritDwithdraw

第2部分：

阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）

　　下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：

如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；

如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；

如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

SleepProblemsPlaguetheOlderSet

OlderAmericansoftenhavedifficultygettingagoodnight’srest.It'

sahugequalityoflifeproblem,expertssay,becausecontrarytopopularbelief,seniorsrequireaboutthesameamountofsleepasyoungeradults.

“Sleepproblemsandsleepdisordersarenotaninherent（固有的）partofaging,”saidDr.HarrisonG.Bloom,anassociateclinicalprofessorofgeriatrics（老年病学）andmedicineattheMountSinaiSchoolofMedicineinNewYorkCity.“It’sprettymuchofamyththatolderpeopleneedlesssleepthanyoungerpeople.”

Yet,inastudypublishedrecentlyinTheAmericanJournalofMedicine,researchersfoundthatmorethanhalfofolderAmericanshaveproblemsgettingthesleeptheyneed.

Olderpeopletendtohave“sleepfragmentation,’’meaningtheywakeupmoreoftenduringthenight,saidstudyauthorDr.JulieGammck,anassistantprofessorofmedicineintheDivisionofGeriatricMedicineatSt.LouisUniversity.

Theyalsoseemtogetless“REM”sleep,thetypeofsleepduringwhichrapideyemovementoccurs,Bloomadded.

It’sunclearwhatrolethesenaturallyoccurringchangesinsleeppatternshaveonperson’squalityoflife,Bloomsaid.“Whatisimportant,though,isthatolderpeopleoftenhaveactualsleepdisordersandproblemswithsleep,”hesaid.

And,expertssay,thereisusuallymorethanonecause.

“Sleeptroubleinolderadultsistypicallyassociatedwithacuteandchronicillnesses,includingspecificsleepdisorderslikesleepapnea（呼吸暂停）andrestlesslegsyndromethatappearwithgreaterfrequencyinolderpopulations,”saidMichaelV.Vitiello,aprofessorofpsychiatryandbehavioralsciencesandassociatedirectoroftheUniversityofWashington’sNorthwestGeriatricEducationCenter.

Takingmultiplemedications,asmanyolderpeopledo,canalsoleadtofatiguea“hypersomnia,”orbeingtiredallthetime,Bloomadded.

Anotherbigproblem,henoted,ISdepressionandanxiety.“Thoseareverycommonlyassociatedwithsleepproblems.”

Despitetheprevalence（流行）ofsleepdifficultiesinolderadults,manypatientsaren’tgettingthehelptheyneed.Asaresult,problemslikeinsomnia（失眠）,restlesslegsyndromeandsleepapneaareunder-diagnosedandundertreated,Bloomsaid.

16.Sleepproblemscanseriouslyaffectone’squalityoflife

　ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

17.itistruethatolderpeopleneedlesssleepthanyoungerpeople

18YoungerpeopleinAmericaseldomcomplainofsleepdisorders.

19.ThenumberofolderAmericanswithsleepproblemsisnotsmall.

20.“Sleepfragmentation’’referstoamarkedlackof“REM”sleep

21.Thecausesofsleepproblemsinolderpeopleremainunidentified.

22.ActionswillsoonbetakeninAmericatobetterhelppeoplewithsleepproblems

第3部分：

概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）

　　下面的短文后有2项测试任务：

（1）第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选择1个最佳标题；

（2）第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

DepressionandtheElderly

1Weallfeelsadattimes.However,clinicaldepressionisaseriousmatter.Clinicaldepression,sometimescalledmajordepression,isabiologicallybasedbraindisorderthataffectsone’sthoughts,feelings,behavior,andphysicalhealth.Whenpeoplecomplainthattheyfeelterrible,theyhavenointerestortakenopleasureinthings,havetroublesleeping,lackenergy,havepoorappetite,orcannotconcentrate,depressionisadefinitepossibility.

2Depressioninitsmanyformsaffectsmorethan6.5millionofthe35millionAmericanswhoare65yearsorolder.Mostolderpeoplewithdepressionhavebeensufferingfromepisodes（发作）oftheillnessduringmuchoftheirlives。

Forothers,depressionhasafirstonset（起病）inlatelife—evenforthoseintheir80sand90s.Depressioninolderpersonsiscloselyassociatedwithdependencyanddisabilityandcausesgreatsufferingfortheindividualandthefamily,

3Manyolderpeopleandtheirfamiliesdon’t-recognizethesymptomsofdepression,aren’tawarethatitisamedicalillness,anddon’tknowhowitistreated.Othersmaymistakethesymptomsofdepressionassighsofdementia（痴呆）.Also,manyolderpeoplethinkthatdepressionisacharacterflaw（缺陷）andareworriedaboutbeingstigmatized（给…带来耻辱）.SOtheyblamethemselvesfortheirillnessandaretooashamed（羞耻的）togethelp,othersworrythattreatmentwouldbetoocostly.

4Olderpersonswithdepressionrarelyseektreatmentfortheillness.Unrecognizedanduntreateddepressionhasfatalconsequencesintermsofbothsuicideandnon-suicidemortality（死亡率）.ThehighestrateofsuicideintheUSisamongolderwhitemen.Depressionisthesinglemostsignificantriskfactorforsuicideinthatpopulation.Tragically,manyofthosepeoplewhogoontocommitsuicidehavereachedoutforhelp20%seeadoctorthedaytheydie,40％theweektheydie,and70％inthemonththeydie.Yetdepressionisfrequentlymissed.

23.Paragraph　1　　　　　

24.Paragraph　2　　　　　

25.Paragraph　3　　　　　

26.Paragraph　4　　　　　

AHowcommonisdepressioninlaterlife?

BWhatisdepression?

CWhatrelievesdepressioninolderpeople?

DWhydoesdepressioninolderpeopleoftengountreated?

ECandepressioninolderpeoplebetreated?

FWhataretheconsequencesofuntreateddepressioninolderpeople?

27.Clinicaldepressionisdifferentfrom　　　　　

28.Depressioninolderpeopleisstronglylinkedwith　　　　　

29.Depressionisregardedbymanyolderpeopleas　　　　　

30.Manyolderpeoplecommitsuicideasaresultof　　　　　

A　acharacterflaw

B　normalsadness.andgrief

C　adefinitepossibility

D　dependencyanddisability

E　asignificantriskfactor

F　unrecognizedanduntreateddepression

第4部分：

阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）

　　下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。

请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇

CentersoftheGreatEuropeanCities

ThecentersofthegreatcitiesofEuropearemeetingplacesbytradition.Peoplegathertheretodrinkcoffeeandchatlateintothenight.Amixtureoflocalsandtouristsmakeforanexciting,metropolitanatmosphere.

Squares,plazas（广场）andarcades（拱廊）formtheheartofEurope’scities.

VeniceinItalyhasthePiazzaSanMarco—abeautifulsquaresurroundedbyshops,churches,restaurantsandcafé

s.1nBarcelona,Spain,LaBosqueriaisalivelymarketwithhundredsofstallssellingallkindsofgoods.London’sCoventGardenisfilledwithfruitandvegetablestallsbydayandmusicians,acrobats（杂技演员）andartistsbynight.Thegovernmentbuildingsatthecenterofmanycitiesoftenarearchitecturallyimpressive.InLondon,theyserveasabeautifulbackdrop（背景）tothecoffeetablesthatlinethestreetsandthebanksoftheThames.

Thesevibrant（有活力的）heartsaretheproductofcenturiesofevolution,socialhistorianJoelGarreautoldUSNewsandWorldReportrecently.“ThereasonpeoplethinkVeniceisSOgreattodayisyoudon’tseeallthemistakes,”saidGarreau.“Thosehaveallbeenremoved.”MostEuropeancitieswerelaidoutbeforetheinventionofthecar.SObars,restaurantsandcafé

swereneartopeople’shomes.Today,thefocusofmanyEuropeans’lifehasmovedawayfromthecenters.Theyliveinthesuburbsandoutskirts,drivingtosupermarketstogettheirsupplies.Butonacontinentwherepeopletreasureconvention,therearestillthosewhoholdontotraditionalways,livingandshoppinglocally.Thesepeople,togetherwithtourists,providethecitycenterswiththeirreasonforexistence.

Coffeecultureplaysapartinkeepingthesecitycentersflourishing.ThisisparticularlytrueofPariswhosecitizensarefamousenthusiasticconversationalists.Thisskillisdevelopedovermanyhoursspentchattingoverespressos（浓咖啡）andcigarettes.

Religionalsoplaysaroleindevelopingsociableatmosphere.PeopleinRomanCatholiccountriesusedtovisittheChurchonanalmostdailybasis.Entirecommunitieswouldgatherinthesamebuildingandthenmoveouttothemarkets.Café

sandbarsinthesurroundingstreets.AnenormousexampleofthisrelationshipbetweenchurchandsocietyistheDuomo.ThehugemarblecathedralinFlorence,Italyissur