泛读Word FormationWord文档格式.docx

泛读Word FormationWord文档格式.docx

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☐-ent:

student,parent,president

-ess,-ee

☐-ess:

（female）waitress,hostess,actress

☐-ee:

（passive,comparedwith–er/-or）:

employer/employee,

trainer/trainee,

interviewer/interviewee

Exercise

⏹Someexaminees’handwritingwastoopoorforthegraderstorecognize.

⏹Wedon'

tpayourfinancialanalyststobewiseaftertheevent!

⏹Thenewspaperhaveaverypopularcolumnistcommentoncurrentaffairs.

⏹ThesuccessofJaneEyreisduetoitsintroductiontotheEnglishnovelthefirstgovernessheroine.

⏹He'

sapopulartelevisionentertainer.

2.WordFormation:

Adj.suffixes

（n.+）-ous:

fullof,having…

e.g.dangerous:

fullofdanger

victorious:

havingvictory

•ItissuchavoluminousreportthatIamtiredofreadingit.

•Shewelcomedherguestsinagraciousmanner.

•Theirdiningroomisveryspacious.

（n.+）-ish:

beingin/havingthenatureof…

e.g.foolish:

beinginthenatureofafool

childish:

havingthenatureofachild

•Theymadeadevilishplottokidnapthelittlegirlandthenkillherwhentheygotthemoney.

•Hehasaratherwomanishmanner. 

•Shebroughtacoatwithreddishfur.

（n.+）-ly:

having/being…

e.g.friendly:

beingfriends

lively:

fulloflife

•Wespentaheavenlydayatthebeach.

•Hehasaverybrotherlymannertowardsthelittleboys.

•Torunawayatthefirstsightofdangerisacowardlyaction.

Iwasdeterminedontakingherawayfromthatungodlysurroundings.

（n.+）–al/-ical:

havingthenatureof…

e.g.musical:

ofmusic

economical:

ofeconomy

•Hedrinksthismedicalteaformedicinalpurposes. 

•ThisFrenchentomologistisnotedforbehavioralstudiesofinsects.

•Trueloveisunconditional.

（n.+）–en:

of…,having…

e.g.wooden:

ofwood

golden:

ofgold

•Wehavetowearwoolenclothesinthecoldwinter. 

•Thoseearthenpotsaremadebytheskilledman.

Hisashenfaceshowedhowshockedhewas.

3.WordFormation（adj.suf.）

（v./n.）+ive

e.g.creativeimpressive

productivedestructive

•Hisconclusionsarepurelyspeculative.

•Sheisselectiveinthedressesshewears.

•Excessiverainfallhadmadetheharvestimpossible.

•Appearancesaredeceptive.

（v.）+-ible/-able:

capableofbeing

（n.）+-ible/-able:

causing

e.g.reliable:

capableofbeingrelied

readable:

capableofbeingread

pleasurable:

causingpleasure

comfortable:

causingcomfort

•Heatisconvertibleintoelectricity.

•Yourdressisabsolutelyadorable.

•Thisessayisadmirableinallrespects.

（n.+）-ful:

fullof

（n.+）-less:

without

helpful/helpful

cheerful/cheerless

youthful/*youthless

homeless/*homeful,

jobless/*jobful

（n.+）–y:

having…

e.g.windy,dirty,tasty

⏹Honey,itwasahairyflightbackfromChicago.Oneenginequitonme,myradiowouldn'

twork,itwassnowinghard--reallyhairy!

TotellyouthetruthIwasscaredtodeath.

⏹Thegreasyfoodmakeherfeelsick.

⏹Thedamagedcarwaslabouringalongthemuddyroad.

（v.）+-ed:

state,passive,past

（v.）+-ing:

nature,active,present

anexcite___newsaneglect___oldhouse

atouch___filmanamuse___story

adisappoint___resultasolve___problem

aqualify___teacheracrowd___street

abadly-light___roomapromise___youngman

4.WordFormation:

n.suf.

-hood:

•state,nature,condition:

nationhood

•status,identity,rank,qualification:

priesthood

•agroupsharingaspecifiedstateorquality:

neighborhood

•aperiodoftimeofbeing…:

childhood

•KnighthoodwasanidealinmedievalEurope.

•Iwaslesscapablethanheoftellingtruthfromfalsehood.

•Herwidowhoodcondemnshertoalonelyoldage.

•Hisauntiselectedtherepresentativeofthewholesisterhoodofnurses.

-ship:

friendship

•rank,status,oroffice:

leadership

•art,skill,orcraft:

craftsmanship

•acollectivebody:

membership

•IfyourLordshipwillgivemetime,Iwillproducetheevidence.

•Marriageisbasedoncomradeship.

•TheDailyEchohasareadershipofovertenmillion.

•horsemanship,swordsmanship,penmanship

-age:

•state:

marriage

•place:

cottage

•amount:

postage

•Themotherprovidesemotionalanchoragefortheentirefamily.

•Fortunately,itsvoltagehasnotbeenexceeded.

•Thewasher（垫圈）forpreventingleakageisbroken.

•Thetonnageoftheshipis25.

-tude:

thestateof…

⏹Iamfullofgratitudetoyouforhelpingme.（-grat-:

pleasing,thankful）

⏹Themagnitudeoftheepidemicwasfrightening.（-magni-:

big,large,great）

⏹Hehasanaptitudeforlanguages.（apt:

fitted）

⏹Welacktheconfidencetotakeastrongstandandthecertitudetoconvinceothers.（-cert-:

certain）

Thefinitudeofthismethodshouldn'

tbeneglectedwhileusingit.（-fini-:

limit,bound）

5.WordFormation:

⏹Iamfullofgratitudetoyouforhelpingme.

-grat-:

（pleasing,thankful）grateful

⏹Themagnitudeoftheepidemicwasfrightening.

-magni-:

（big,large,great）magnificent,magnify,magnifier,

⏹Hehasanaptitudeforlanguages.

apt:

fitted

⏹Welacktheconfidencetotakeastrongstandandthecertitudetoconvinceothers.

-cert-:

（sure）certain,certify,certificate

⏹Thefinitudeofthismethodshouldn'

tbeneglectedwhileusingit.

-fini-:

（limit,bound）final,infinitive,finite,infinite

6.WordFormation:

n.suffixes

1.–tion,-ation,-ition,-sion:

（v.+~=n.）state/conditionof…

•Whatshesaidwasausefulsimplificationofthetheory. 

•Theexclusionofwomenfromthetemplemadethemfeelsad.

•Shecomplainedabouttheomissionofhernamefromthelist.

•It'

sannoyingtohavetogetauthorizationforspendingsuchpiddlingamountsofmoney. 

2.–ence,-ance:

（v.+~=n.）state/conditionof…

（correspondingtoanadj.endedwith–entor–ant）

e.g.rely–reliancedisturb–disturbance

patient–patiencedistant–distance

•Theengineersandtechniciansarestillconferringontheunexpectedaccident.

•The1960ssawtheemergenceofmanynewnations.

•Continuanceofthewarwillmeanshortageofthefood.

•Itisnobigdeal,justaneverydayoccurrence.

3.-ment:

•I'

vemadeafewminoradjustmentstotheseatingplan.

•Thearmamentofanyofthegreatpowercandestroycivilization.

•Hewasn'

tthereattheappointedtime.

appointment–appoint–appointed

•Mysecretaryleavesusnextweek,soweareadvertisingforareplacement.

4.-ness,-（i）ty:

（adj.+~=n.）thestateof…

•Astronautsinflightmustadjusttoweightlessness.

•Acorrectmarketingstrategycanhelpimproveacompany’scompetitiveness.

•Thestoryhasbeenwrittenwithgreatclarityandperception.

Edisoniswellknownasamanofgreatoriginality.

7.WordFormation:

verbsuffixes

•1.-ate:

tomake…

e.g.create,educate,indicate,estimate

•Sheconsolidatedherpowerduringherfirstyearinoffice.

•Heenumeratedallhisreasons.

•Thenewundergroundrailwaywillfacilitatethejourneytoallpartsofthecity.

•2.-（i）fy:

tomake

e.g.satisfy,simplify,purify

•Theregulationsspecifythatyoumayuseadictionaryintheexamination.

•Inotifiedhimthatthemeetinghadbeenpostponed.

•Theaccountswerecertifiedascorrect.

•Irequestthatthemistakesinmybillberectified.

3.-ize/-ise:

e.g.modernize,industrialize,realize

•Theaffairwasdramatizedbythepress. 

•Yourpromiseshavefailedtomaterialize.

•Soitisthenatureofsuchpersonstoinsultandtyrannizeoverlittlepeople.

•Everyoneshouldtaketimetobealone,toprioritizeandmeditate.

4.-en:

e.g.shorten

fasten

widen

broaden

tighten

strengthen

quicken

adv.suffixes:

-ly,-ward,-wise

☐-ly:

inacertainmanner

e.g.slowly,happily

☐-ward:

inthedirectionof

e.g.westward,homeward

☐-wise:

inthedirectionof/intheaspectof

e.g.clockwise,counterclockwise

budgetwise,weatherwise

8.WordFormation:

prefixes

pre-:

beforeintim