中考13人教版初中英语考点十三宾语从句口语Word下载.docx
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15
16
句子结构
时态
语态
名词
冠词
代词
形副
介词
数词
连词
非谓语动词
情态动词
宾语从句
定语从句
简单句
情景交际
知识精讲:
一、概念
宾语从句的宾语部分中有一个从句充当宾语。
二、可接宾语从句的动词
say、tell、think、know、see、hear、hope、guess、find、feel等,或由形容词构成的系表结构,如:
afraid、sure、glad、sorry等
三、宾语从句的标点符号。
宾语从句的标点符号取决于主句,如果主句是陈述句,句尾用句号;
如果主句是疑问句,句尾用问号。
四、引导词。
1、that(从句是陈述句时,引导词用that
,它本身无词义,不充当成分,在口语中可省略,但在正式场合不可省。
)
2、if或whether(从句是一般疑问句时用if或whether,含义是“是否”。
if、whether一般情况下可以互换,但在构成whether…ornot句式只用whether
3、连接代词、连接副词(从句是特殊疑问句时用)
连接代词(what、which、who、whose)
连接副词(when、where、how、why)
五、宾语从句的同义句转换。
在宾语从句中经常会出现“疑问词+动词不定式”的结构,它可与“疑问词+主语+情态动词+动词原形”进行同义句转换。
CanyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?
Canyoutellmehowtogettothestation?
六、宾语从句的语序。
宾语从句的语序都用陈述句语序(即正常的主谓语序)
HesaysthatJimwillmissalotoflessons.
Heaskedwhetherweshouldholdasportsmeeting.
DoyouknowwhatthepopulationofDalianis?
七、宾语从句的时态。
1、主句是一般现在时,从句可根据需要选用任何时态。
HesaysthatheisgoodatEnglish
Hesaysthathehasbeenillfortwodays
Idon’tknowifhewillcometomorrow
2、主句是一般过去时,从句可根据需要用相应的过去某种时态。
(即一般过去时、过去将来时、过去完成时等)
HeaskedmewhereIlived
Hesaidthatshehadbeenillfortwodays
Shesaidthatshewouldreturnsoon
3、当从句讲述的是客观事实或真理时,从句时态不受主句的影响,都用一般现在时。
Theteachersaid“lighttravelsfasterthansound”
Hesaidthattheearthisround
特例:
Couldyoutellme…委婉的语气,常按照一般现在时处理。
Couldyoutellmewherethenearesthospitalis?
八、语从句的从句中不再有助动词。
即一般现在时的助动词do,does,一般过去时的助动词did.
DoyoulikespeakingEnglish?
Hewantstoknow.(改为宾语从句)
HewantstoknowifyoulikespeakingEnglish
九、如果简单句变成了宾语从句,那么其谓语动词要相应的变化。
常见的一般过去时的动词应用过去式;
一般现在时的如果主语是第三人称单数的,动词要用单三形式,如果主语不是第三人称单数,动词都用原形;
其他时态变成相应的时态的结构即可。
十、宾语从句变否定句。
如果主句的主语是第一人称I或we时,并且谓语动词多为think、guess、believe等表示心理活动的词时,变否定句要否定转移,即否定主句。
否则,变否定句看从句。
Ithinkchickencanswim(变否定句)
Idon’tthinkchickencanswim
Hesaidthathewouldgoshopping(变否定句)……
Hesaidthathewouldnotgoshopping
宾语从句的时态问题一览表
随堂训练:
1.—Canyoutellme________?
—HelivesinShanghai.
A.whereMarklivesB.wheredoesMarklive
C.whereMarklivedD.wheredidMarklive
2.—Excuseme.Couldyoutellme________aboutthelocalhistoryandculture?
—Ofcourse.Youcancheckitonthiscomputer.
A.howcanIgettheinformationB.whatinformationdidIget
C.whereIcangettheinformationD.thatIgottheinformation
3.—Lookatthestonebridge!
Doyouknow________itwasbuilt?
—Inthe1860s.Itisquiteold.
A.whenB.howC.whereD.why
4.—Davidasked________inChina.
—Ofcoursenot.Chineseusuallyshakehandswithaladyasagreeting.
A.whyhecangreetaladybykissingher
B.whyhecouldgreetaladybykissingher
C.whetherhecangreetaladybykissingher
D.whetherhecouldgreetaladybykissingher
5.—Mum,canyoutellme________?
Idreamedofhimlastnight.
—Nextweek.
A.whenmydadcomesbackB.wheremydadgoes
C.whenmydadwillcomebackD.wheremydadwillgo
6.—2015isanElNino(厄尔尼诺)year.Manyplacesmaybeshortofwater.Bejingastudent,Iwanttodosomething,butIwonder________.
—Oh,youcandosomesmallthingssuchasturningoffthetapwhilebrushingteeth.
A.whatIamsupposedtodo
B.howshouldIprotectourhome
C.whyitcancausesuchbadweather
7.—Don’tyoutellmethattheyhavegonetoAustral
ia?
—Sure.ButIdon'
tknow_________.
A.whentheyhavecomeback
B.whenhavetheycomeback
C.whendidtheycomeback
8.—Hi,Tony!
Doyouknow________?
—Yes,thereisacoffeeshopatthecornerofthestreet.
A.whenIcanacupofcoffeeB.whencanIgetacupofcoffee
C.whereIcangetacupofcoffeeD.wherecanIgetacupofcoffee
语音训正:
辅音
/tʃ//dʒ/的例句
1.Changeyourattitude,changeyourlife.
改变你的态度,改变你的生活。
2.Everyadvantagehasitsdisadvantage.
每个优势本身都有它的不足。
3.Geniusisnothingbutlaboranddiligence.
天才是勤劳工作的结果。
/ts//dz/的例句
1.Killtwobirdswithonestone.
一石二鸟。
2.Therearespotsinthesun.
即使太阳上也有黑斑/凡事无完美。
3.Twoheadsarebetterthanone.
三个臭皮匠赛过诸葛亮。
一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷
1.阅读理解
(1)Whatkindofthelettermaythepassagebe?
A.
Anadmissionletter.
B.
Anapologyletter.
C.
Abusinessletter.
D.
Athankyouletter.
(2)HowmuchshouldZhangWeipayinalltoentertheuniversity?
HK$55,935.
HK$55,810.
HK$55,685.
HK$55,560.
(3)IfyouwereZhangWei,howwouldyoufeelatthisletter?
Annoyed.
Excited.
Upset.
Anxious.
【答案】
(1)A
(2)D
(3)B
【解析】【分析】句意:
这是张伟的一张香港中文大学的录取通知书,其中涉及到专业,学习方式,学位以及费用。
(1)细节理解题。
根据文中的语句TheChinese
Universityof
Hongkong
AdmissionNotification提示可知,这是一张录取通知书,故选A。
(2)细节理解题。
根据文中的语句HK$55,560.(for
native
students)以及ZhangWei(Yuyao,Ningbo)提示可知,张伟的学费是HK$55,560,故选D。
(3)理解归纳题。
这是一张香港中文大学的录取通知书,张伟收到以后,一定非常的激动,故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。
本文主要考查细节理解题,首先仔细阅读文后的问题,弄清问题的大意;
然后带着问题阅读短文,抓住关键信息,选择正确答案。
2.阅读理解
IntheWarringStatesPeriod,theStateofQinhadafightwiththeStateofZhao,ZhaoneededsometalentedpeopletoaskforhelpfromChu.ThenMaoSui—themanwhobelievedhewastherightpersonforthistaskcameandrecommended(推荐)himself.AndhemadethekingofChusendthearmytohelpsuccessfully.Zhaowassafe.Fromthenon,MaoSuibecameawell-knownheroofthestate.
Oneday,ShangYangputathinwoodensticknearthesouthgateofthecapitalofQin.Hepromisedtopay10goldpiecestoanyonewhocouldmoveittothenorthgate.ItwassuchasimplejobthatallthepeoplethoughtShangwasjoking.Thenheadded40moregoldpieces.Amanmoveditandhereallygot50goldpieces.Afterthat,thepeopleofQinbelievedShangwasamanofhisword.SotheyallfollowedShang'
snewlawslater.
WangXizhiwasoneofthemostfamouscalligraphers(书法家)duringtheEasternJinDynastyofChina.Whenhewasveryyoung,hepracticedhisarteverydayandneverstopped.
Oneday,WangXizhiwroteinwoodforanengraver(雕刻师)tocut.Thentheengraverfoundtheinkhadpenetrated(渗透)onecentimeterintothewood.Now"
RuMuSanFen"
isoftenusedtodescribesharpideasorusefulviews.
(1)WheredidMaoSuicomefromaccordingtothispassage?
TheStateofQin.
TheStateofZhao.
TheStateofChu.
(2)WhydidthepeopleofQinfollowShangYangsnewlaws?
TheybelievedinShangYang.
TheywereafraidofShangYang.
ShangYanggavethemgoldpieces.
(3)Whatis"
oftenusedtodescribenow?
Amanofhisword.
Sharpideasorusefulviews.
Awell—knownheroofthestate.
【答案】
(1)B
(2)A
【解析】【分析】文章大意:
本文主要介绍三则成语故事。
由表格一
IntheWarringStatesPeriod,theStateofQinhadafightwiththeStateofZhao,ZhaoneededsometalentedpeopletoaskforhelpfromChu.ThenMaoSui—themanwhobelievedhewastherightpersonforthistaskcameandrecommended(推荐)himself.
可知毛遂是战国时代赵国人,故选B。
由表格二
Afterthat,thepeopleofQinbelievedShangwasamanofhisword.SotheyallfollowedShang'
snewlawslater.可知秦国人相信商鞅,才会服从商的新法。
故选A。
(3)细节理解题。
由Now"
isoftenusedtodescribesharpideasorusefulviews.
可知现在入木三分被用于说明尖锐的想法或有用的观点。
故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解,首先通读全文,了解全文大意,其次分析问题,抓住关键词,在文中寻找相关信息,确定答案,最后再检查一遍,确保答案正确。
3.阅读理解
Someparentsarealwayscomparingtheirchildrenwiththemselveswhentheywereyoung,orwithotherpeoplewhentheywerechildren.
"
WhenIwasyourage,"
afathersaidtohissixteen-year-oldsononeday,"
Iwasatthetopofmyclasseveryyear.AndIknewwhatIwantedtodowhenIleftschool.Ihadgoals.Youarealwaysatthebottomofyourclass,andyouhavenogoals."
Theman'
ssonsaidnothing.Hehadheardthisfromhisfathermanytimes.
Andwhenyourmotherwasyourage,"
theboy'
sfatherwenton,"
shehadagoodjobandshewasearningmoney.Youdon'
tevenhaveapart-timejob.Youearnnothing."
ssonstillsaidnothing.Hehadheardthisbefore,too.
Andwhenyourolderbrotherwasyourage,"
hestudiedhard.Youjustwasteyourtime."
Andtheman'
ssonstillsaidnothing.
Finally,theboy'
sfathersaid,"
AndwhenAbrahamLincolnwasyourage,heworkedalldayandstudiedatnight."
Thistimethesoncouldnotstaysilent.
AndwhenAbrahamLincolnwasyourage,Father,"
hesaid,"
hewasthePresidentoftheUnitedStates.Whatareyou?
"
Hisfatherhadnoanswertothis.
(1)ThefathercomparedhissonwiththefollowingpeopleEXCEPT________.
himself
theboy'
sbrother
AbrahamLincoln
sclassmates
(2)Howdidtheboyprobablyfeel?
Happy.
Afraid.
Angry.
Surprised.
(3)Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?
Someparentslikecomparingtheirchildrenwithotherchildren.
Theboy'
sfatherstudiedverywellw