An Essay on Jack Londons Life Attitude from Love of LifeWord文档下载推荐.docx

An Essay on Jack Londons Life Attitude from Love of LifeWord文档下载推荐.docx

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指导教师张烨教授

年级2008级

专业英语翻译

系别应用英语系

学院西语学院

2011年4月

TERMPAPER

ENGLISHDEPARTMENT

HARBINNORMALUNIVERSITY

TITLE:

AnEssayonJackLondon'

sLifeAttitudefrom

LoveofLife

STUDENT:

WANGJie

TUTOR:

ZHANGYe（Prof.）

GRADE:

Grade2008

MAJOR:

EnglishTranslation

DEPARTMENT:

EnglishDepartment

COLLEGE:

FacultyofWesternLanguagesandLiteratures

April,2011

HARBINNORMALUNVERSITY

AnEssayonJackLondon'

sLifeAttitudefromLoveofLife

WANGJie

Abstract:

JackLondon（January12,1876–November22,1916）wasoneofthegreatestrealisticandnaturalisticnovelists.HeisbestknownastheauthorofTheCallofwild,WhiteFang,TheSea-WolfandMartinEden.MostofLondon’sworksspeakhighlyofman’sstruggleforsurvivalagainsttheoverwhelmingpowerofnature.Fromtheauthor’spointofview,thegreatnessofhumanityisthefearlessfightagainstallthedifficultiesinone’sentirelife.ThisessayisbasedonthebriefstudiesonLondon’sextraordinaryshortstoryLoveofLifeandcomposedofthreeparts.Thefirstpartisabriefintroductionofthenovelistandthisshortfiction.Thesecondandthethirdpartsanalyzetheauthor’slifeattitudeandphilosophy.Inconclusion,thisessaytriedtofigureoutJackLondon’slifeattitudeembodiedinLoveofLife.Fromthiswecouldhaveapreliminaryunderstandingofthenovelist.

KeyWords:

JackLondon;

LoveofLife;

struggleforsurvival;

lifeattitude

JackLondonwasanextraordinarynovelistinAmericanhistory.AmericanbiographicalnovelwriterIrvingStonehonoredLondonas“ThefatherofAmericanProletarianLiterature”.Hisfictionwasbelieved“represented'

theverybestkindofwork'

doneinAmerica.”Plentyofecologicalandnaturalisticideawasembodiedinhisworks.ThisessayfocusesonthelifeattitudeofJackLondonbyanalyzinghisfictionLoveofLifeandsomeothernovels.

1.Introduction

1.1Familybackground,earlylife,GoldRushandhisfirstsuccess

JackLondonwasborninanimpoverishedproletarianfamilyinJanuary12,1876,SanFrancisco.London’sfatherwasbelievedanastrologerandhismotherwasamusicteacherandspiritualist.

Inhisearlylife,Londonwasmainlyself-educated.Hehadledamiserablelifeandmadealivingbyworkingasphysicallabor,suchassailor,pirateetc.Urgedonbyhisdesperatedesireforknowledge,hetriedhisbestinordertopassthecertificationexamstoattenduniversity.Unfortunately,henevergraduatedbecauseofhisfinancialcircumstances.Theroughlifeinhisearlytimesgavehimachancetogainsufficientexperienceforhislaterliterarywork.

Afterlivingasahobo,hereturnedandattendedhighschool.In1897,LondonsailedtojointheGoldRush.Thisperiodoftimeleftdeepinfluenceonhisliteraryworkings.Althoughhisprocessofgoldfinallyendedupwithafailureduetohispoorhealth,hegainedagreatamountofsourcematerialsforhislateraccomplishments.

Thenhepublishedhisfirstwork"

TyphoonofftheCoastofJapan"

.Byreleaseofthiswork,London’sgiftofcreationhadbeenrevealed.Thiswashisfirstsuccessonhiswaytothepeakofhisliterarycareer.Thisachievementshouldbeattributedtohisgreateffort.Hededicatedmostofhistimereadingtheworksoftheliteraturemasters.Thissuccessmaybeanencouragementonhisroadofliterature.

1.2Politicalviews

ThoughJackLondonwasarealisticandnaturalisticnovelist,hehadastrongbeliefinsocialism.HejoinedtheSocialistLaborPartyin1896.Hepublishedcollectionsofessaysabouthisattitudetowardssocialism.Hisviewswereinfluencedbyhislifeandworkingexperiencewithpeoplewhowereatthebottomlevelofthesociety.

Undertheinfluenceofsocialism,hispoliticalviewswererecreated.HeresignedfromtheSocialistPartyin1916,“becauseofitslackoffireandfight,anditslossofemphasisontheclassstruggle.”InhisnovelTheIronHeel,wecouldfindclearevidencethathewrotefromtheviewofsocialism.ThisnovelisregardedasanexampleofdystopiaandinfluencedthesplendiddystopiannovelNineteenEighty-FourbyGeorgeOrwell.London’ssocialismobviouslygrewoutofhisownlifeexperience.

1.3Mysterydeath

London’sdeathremainsamysteryevenmanysourcesdescribethatJackLondoncommittedsuicide.Hisdeathcertificategivesthereasonthathediedofuremia,whichisalsoknownasuremicpoisoning.Actually,heoverdosedhimselfwithmorphinebecauseofhisextremepain.Themassiveamountofdrugcontributedtohisdeath.Butonthatday,November22,1916,LondonplannedtogotoNYCandChicagotobuysomebulls.Thatistosay,hedidnotwanttokillhimself.SomeoneholdsthatLondondiedbecauseofhismiscalculatingofthedrugdosage.Thiskindofattitudealsodoesn’tmakesense.Londonwasarobustmanbutsufferedalotofdiseases.Maybethesufferingcausedbyuremia,dysenteryandalcoholismandthedisappointmentcausedbythemisunderstandingofhisfamilyandthebetrayalofhisfriendshadforcedhimtokillhimself.

London’slifewasendedjustlikesomeoftheotherauthor’sway,suchasHemingway,MishimaYukioetc.WhenJackLondonwasinthemiserabletimeofhislife,hecouldtryhisbestinsistingonrealizinghisdream.Onceyourdreamcomestrue,you’llfindthatthemeaningoflifebecomesadifficultproblem.Hardshipcouldconstructastrongmind,whilesuccessmayruinit.

1.4BackgroundandplotofLoveofLife

Loveoflife,writtenin1906,isoneofJackLondon’sgreatestshortfictions.Inthe19thcentury,tensandthousandsofpeopletookpartin“theGoldRush”.Plentyofworkersmigratedtotheareawheregoldhadbeendiscovered.MajorgoldrushestookplaceintheweststatesoftheUS,Canada,Braziletc.Somepeoplemadelargefortunesbydigginggold,andsomeothersmadelargeprofitsbymerchandisingandtransporting.JackLondonalsocametothefarNorthAmericaforgold.Thoughhedidnothaveanygoldheobtainedmorepreciousexperienceandvividmaterialsforhiscreation.ThesourcesofLoveofLifewerefromthelifethattheminersstrugglewiththesevereenvironment.Inthegoldrushlife,manandnaturestruggledwitheachother.

LoveofLifetellsastorythatamanfoughtagainstdifficultiesandfinallyrescued.Theheroofthisfictionwasamanwhoabandonedbyhisfriendonthewaybackfromtheirjourneyofjoiningthegoldrush.Facingthedesperatesituationalone,hehadtotryhisbesttogetridofit.Aswintercamenear,hehadnochoicebuttoovercomethebleeding,cold,andtheseriousstarvation.Atfirst,hecouldlimppainfullyitchbyitch.Butastimemarchedon,hesufferedmoreandmorepainandhunger,andwhatwasworse,hehadsprainedhisankle.Hisriflewasoutofbullets,sotherewasnowayhecouldgetsomethingtoeateasily.Hefoughtagainstnaturewithhisbadlyinjuredbody,hisemptygun,andhisextremelystrongwill.Hetossedalmosteverythingincludinghisgoldforlivingforalongertimeuntilsomeonefoundandrescuedhim.Unfortunately,hemetasickwolf,followinghimandlickinghisblood.Withhisstrongwill,hedefeatedthewolfanddrankitsblood.Eventually,herescuedbyawhalingship.

2.LifePhilosophyEmbodiedinthisNovel

Yearsof“goldrush”lifeleftJackLondonagreatdealofmaturecharactersandpreciousqualities.ThespiritoftheAmericanWestwasembodiedinthestorybyJackLondon.HehighlypraisedtheincrediblepotentialcapabilityofamaninadversityinthisfictionandthatwasalsoareflectionofJackLondon’slifephilosophy.

2.1Undernocircumstancecanamanabandonhislife

Lifeisthemostsignificantthingforallthecreatures.Withoutlife,everythingwillbemeaningless.Theintentionofthenovelistoexpresstheprotagonist'

sstrongwillforsurvivalandtheloveoflifeinthebadenvironment,andexpresstheenergythatpeoplecouldbreakoutindesperate.

Atthebeginningofthenovel,theprotagonistwasabandonedbyhisfriendinaseveresituationbecausehehadsprainedhisankle.Theyhadlimpedpainfullyforalongway,andthemanwasinadesperatepositionwithoutfoodandhelp.Thoughthemanwasaloneandsufferedasharppain,hedidnoteventhinkabouttogiveupanysinglechancetosurvive.

Inordertosurvive,themandesertedallhecould,includingthemostsignificantthingforpeoplewhodevotedthemselvestotheGoldRush.Onthecontrary,thegreedydesireformoneyluredthehero’sfriendBilltodie.Inotherwords,peoplewhoworshipmoneyexcessivelywouldsacrificetheirchancesofsurvive.

Themanthenmetasickwolf.Hecrawledalongwithhiskneeswrappedinblanket.Thoughhewastorturedbytheextremepainandstarvation,hewaitedpatientlyforaproperchancetokilltheanimal.Hemovedveryslowlyonhisterriblewaytotheshipappearedatthebay.Finally,hebitanddrankthewolf’sblood.Onthisbattlefieldofsurvival,theman’shorriblepatienceandloveoflifewoncompletely.

Lifeisthemostprecioustreasuremanshouldcherishandthestruggleforsurvivalistheinstinctofhumanbeings.Theloveoflifeistheinherenceofallthecreatures.Bynomeanscanamangiveuphislifejustbecauseofthedifficultiesinnature.Everyonehastoundergothepainandadversity,andfacesthemwithcourageandpleasure.

2.2Lifeismorethananendlessstruggle

Noonehasaclearconsciousnessofaman’snaturalinstincttostruggleforsurvive.Therealheroesdaretodedicateeverythingtheyhavetomeettheneedoftheirpurposes.JackLondongavetheprotagonistnoname—maybeheintendedtonamethemanhero.Thatistosay,eventhoughthepro