高考英语完形填空和阅读理解一轮选练6Word文档格式.docx
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Itisimportantforapolarresearchertobeingoodphysicalcondition.Theycanberequiredto__19__toheightsofmorethan3,000metresandtheAntarcticatmospherehaslessoxygenthanthatofanyother__20__.
1.A.asB.but
C.becauseD.unless
答案:
A 连词as在此引导一个让步状语从句。
2.A.supposedB.used
C.oughtD.have
D 句意:
尽管生活条件很艰苦,但很多科学家为了研究不得不在那儿待上很长一段时间。
本文主要记叙了在南极考察的科学家的生活情况,突出科学家的奉献精神。
3.A.springB.summer
C.winterD.autumn
B 与下文中的winter相呼应。
4.A.asifB.aslongas
C.eventhoughD.incase
C 句意:
即使一天24小时阳光普照,科学家们也要穿上厚厚的衣服。
5.A.preventB.separate
C.freeD.protect
D protectsb.fromthecold意为“保护某人不被冻坏”。
6.A.waterB.food
C.airD.protection
D 衣服是用来御寒保暖的。
7.A.gooutsideB.stayindoors
C.sleeponiceD.workathome
A 科学家们经常需要外出。
8.A.helpB.do
C.mindD.depend
A 天生的毛发也有助于防寒。
9.A.howB.where
C.whyD.when
C 这就是许多研究者留胡须的原因。
10.A.hatB.shirt
C.raincoatD.beard
D wearabeard“留胡须”。
11.A.badB.good
C.sweetD.common
B 从下文得知,极地研究者的饮食是不错的。
12.A.evenB.still
C.everD.yet
A even用于加强语气。
13.A.BooksB.Vegetables
C.SongsD.Letters
B 这一段讲的都是饮食情况。
“Vegetablesarealwayswelcomedandusuallyfinishedquickly.”意为:
蔬菜总是很受欢迎,而且常是很快就被吃完。
14.A.comfortableB.bright
C.tightD.big
C 极地科学家的生活空间不可能非常宽敞。
15.A.commonB.advanced
C.smallD.separate
D 一些偏远野外宿营地使用单独的帐篷。
16.A.caughtupB.keptup
C.madeupD.bothered
D 独居不会被鼾声打扰。
17.A.sportsB.fun
C.workD.research
B 这一段讲的是科学家们业余时间的安排。
forfun“取乐”。
18.A.womenB.man
C.polarD.Russian
A 编织通常为女性所为。
19.A.skateB.run
C.climbD.fly
C 他们可能得爬到海拔3000多米的高处。
20.A.stateB.city
C.continentD.country
C 南极洲是一个洲,因此选择名词continent与之相对应。
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中,选出最佳选项。
Itisover40yearssincefirstatomicbombwasdroppedonamajorcityinJapan.Yetevennowitseffectsareshowingthemselvesandmaycontinuetodosoforyearstocome.Mucheffortandhumanenergyhavebeenusedtotrytopreventsuchaterrifyingthingfromhappeningagain.Sofarthereisnoguaranteethatitwillnot.Countrieswhichalreadypossessnuclearknowledgeandresourceshavebombsstoredawaywhicharepowerfulenoughtowipeoutalllifeonearth.Butthisisnotall.Othercountries,whichpreviouslywerenotsoadvancedintechnology,aregraduallybuyingmaterialsthatcanbeusedformakingatomicdevices.Thisnuclearenergywillnaturallybeofgreatvalueinhelpingtheeconomyofpoorernations.
Thegenerationofelectricitythroughnuclearpowercamedirectlyfromtheoriginalworkontheatombomb.Becauseoftheincreaseindemandforenergyandthepossibilityofdecreasingsuppliesofoilandnaturalgas,theinterestinelectricityhasincreased.Oneoftheby-productsofnuclearpowerstationsisplutonium(钸)producedfromunclearfuel:
plutoniumisingredient(成分)inbomb-making.Itmeansthattherearefarmoreopportunitiesforthemanufactureofbombs.
Thisbringstheproblemtoafullcircleagain.Howcansomethingsovaluableandusefulbecontrolledsothatitworksforthebenefitandnotthedestructionofman?
(from)
1.Theeffectsofdroppingthefirstatomicbomb________.
A.arenotoverB.maygoonforever
C.couldlastmuchlongerD.willnotbeoverinthenearfuture
2.Thewritersaysthatenoughatomicbombshavealreadybeenmanufacturedto________.
A.wipeoutJapanB.lastforever
C.actasapeace-keepingdeviceD.destroyalllivingthings
3.Theadvantageoflessdevelopedcountriesbeingabletomakeatomicdevicesisthatit______.
A.givesthemmoreopportunitiesforworkB.willhelppoorcountriestobecomericher
C.willenablethemtomakebetterexplosivesD.willbeofgreatvaluetothem
4.Thesecondparagraphtellsusthattheincreaseddemandforelectricitytoday________.
A.hasledtothedecreaseinsuppliesofoil
B.meansthatmorecountriesareinterestedinnuclearpower
C.hasincreasedtheriskofaccidentalexplosions
D.hasincreasedtheverymeansofproducingmoreatomicbombs
【答案与解析】
1.A细节理解题。
根据第一段第二句Yetevennowitseffectsareshowingthemselvesandmaycontinuetodosoforyearstocome可知。
2.D细节理解题。
根据第一段“…havebombsstoredawaywhicharepowerfulenoughtowipeoutalllifeonearth”一句可知。
3.B细节理解题。
根据第一段“Thisnuclearenergywillnaturallybeofgreatvalueinhelpingtheeconomyofpoorernations”一句可知。
4.D段落主旨题。
根据第二段最后一句“Itmeansthattherearefarmoreopportunitiesforthemanufactureofbombs.”可知。
阅读理解。
June26,2000—theHumanGenome(基因组)Project,agreat$3billion,15-yeartaskaimedatdrawingthegenetic(遗传的)mapofhumans,isnowmorethan90percentcompleted.Thescientificandmedicalcommunities(团体)areveryexcitedaboutthechancesgeneticresearchprovidesforgettingridofdiseasesandprolonging(延长)humanlife.Butthosecommunitiesandpolicy(政策)makersalsoarecarefulaboutthescientificdoortheyareopeningastheprojectuncoversthemysteriesoflife.
Forthelastfewyears,thegeneticadvancesinthedevelopingfieldofbiotechnology(生物技术)haveprovidesmaterialforallkindsofwork,butthedevelopmentsofmodernscienceinunlockingthesecretsofthehumangeneticcode(密码)haveopenedaworldofpossibilitiesforhumanhealth,aswellasforthepopularimagination.
WhileEuropeanandJapaneseresearchersaremakingrapidprogressindecoding(解码)humanDNA,theleadingorganizationforgeneticresearchisintheUnitedStates,whichbeganin1990,is“unlockingthecode”ofthehumanbodytolearnhowtodefeatfatal(致命的)diseases.Already,theHumanGenomeProjecthasbecomewidelyknownandpraisedforfindingthegenes(基因)connectedwithterriblediseasesasyet(迄今),andmakingprogresstowardseparatingthegenesthatshowasignofbreastcancerorAIDS.
Oncethesegenesarefoundandstudied,researcherscandevelopnewwaystoattackinfections(传染),andgeneticdiseases.Medicalcompaniesareveryinterestedinmappingthehumangenome,astheyexpecttodevelopalotofnewdrugsfortheseillnesses.
1.Whydidthescientistsworkhardatmappingthehumangenome?
A.Becausethehumangenomecandestroymanyillnesses.
B.Becausethehumangenome'
scompletioncanhelpthemgetridofmanydiseases.
C.Becausetheywantedtobebetterknownthanothers.
D.Becausethehumangenomecanprovidealotofchancesofwork.
答案解析:
答案为B。
本题为细节推理题。
由第一段第二句话“thechancesgeneticresearchprovidesforgettingridofdiseasesandprolonginghumanlife.”和最后一段首句“Oncethesegenesarefoundandstudied,researcherscandevelopnewwaystoattackinfections,andgeneticdiseases.”可知,科学家绘制人类基因组图是为了驱除疾病,故答案为B。
A选项表述不正确;
C、D在文中均未提到。
2.Whichcountrystudiedthegenesmostrapidlyintheworld?
A.Japan.B.Germany.C.TheUnitedStates.D.China.
答案为C。
本题为细节题。
由第三段首句提到的“…theleadingorganizationforgeneticresearchisintheUnitedStates,…”可知,答案为C。
.
3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?
A.Ifthegenescanbefound,scientistscanstudymanynewwaystocureillnesses.
B.Thescientistshavemadegreatprogressinconnectingthegeneswiththecancers.
C.Manymedicalcompaniesshowgreatinterestindrawingthehumangenomemap.
D.TheUnitedStatesbegantheGenesStudyearlyinthe19thcentury.
答案为D。
本题为细节判断题。
由第三段首句提到的“whichbeganin1990”可知,美国是在20世纪末开始绘制人类基因组图的,故D选项表达错误。
由最后一段首句“Oncethesegenesarefoundandstudied,researcherscandevelopnewwaystoattackinfections,andgeneticdiseases.”可知,A选项与文意符合;
由第三段最后一句“…andmakingprogresstowardseparatingthegenesthatshowasignofbreastcancerorAIDS.”可知,B选项与文意符合;
由最后一段最后一句话“Medicalcompaniesareveryinterestedinmappingthehumangenome,…”可知,C选项与文意符合,均不选。
4.TheauthorsuggeststhattheHumanGenomeProjectcancause_______.
A.thepolicymakerstofeelveryworriedandcareful
B.thescientiststoworkharder
C.manypeopletofindworkeasily
D.alotofcompaniestoproducemanynewdrugs
本题为推理题。
由第一段最后一句话“Butthosecommunitiesandpolicymakersalsoarecarefulaboutthescientificdoortheyareopeningastheprojectuncoversthemysteriesoflife.”可知,A选项表述与文意不符。
C选项未提及。
由最后一段最后一句话“Medicalcompaniesareveryinterestedinmappingthehumangenome,astheyexpecttodevelopalotofnewdrugsfortheseillnesses.”可知,D选项是文中的一个事实,不需要推理,故不选。
结合全文内容和第一段提到的“June26,2000—theHumanGenomeProject,agreat$