教育学习文章高二英语Getting along with others教案Word下载.docx
《教育学习文章高二英语Getting along with others教案Word下载.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《教育学习文章高二英语Getting along with others教案Word下载.docx（8页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。
eg.It’sapleasuretogoshoppingatweekends.c）Ittakes/needs/requires+sometime+todosth.eg.Itrequirespatiencetobeagoodteacher.2.作表语：
当句子的主语是aim,idea,policy,question,suggestion,wish,task,duty,job,purpose等或者主语是what引导的名词性从句时，后面可以用不定式做表语，用以说明主语所包含内容。
eg.ourmostimportanttasknowistomakeaplan.注：
作表语的不定式都带to，但当主语部分有实义动词do时，to可以省略。
eg.Theonlythingwecandonowiswaitandsee.3.作宾语Theteachersaid“Remembertobringthebooktomorrow!
”a）可以直接用不定式作宾语的动词很多，常见的有：
agree,afford,tend,ask,decide,determine,expect,fail,hope,learn,intend,manage,offer,plan,promise,refuse,want,wish等当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时，先用形式宾语it代替不定式，把不定式置于补语之后，即：
主语＋动词＋it＋补语＋todo句式,常用动词有feel,think,find,believe,consider,make等。
如:
Hefeelsithisdutytohelpthepoor.Ithinkitdifficulttofindatruefriend.b）不定式一般不作介词的宾语，只有少数介词如but,except等后面可以跟不定式作宾语。
一般情况下作介词宾语的不定式都带to，如果but或except前面有do,does,did,todo时，通常省略to。
eg.
Thebushadn’tcome.wehadnochoicebuttowait.=wecoulddonothingbutwait.4.宾语补足语在主语+谓语+宾语+宾补句型中，许多动词都可以接不定式作宾语补足语。
a）通常作宾语补语的不定式要带to，常用于以下动词之后：
ask,tell,advise,allow,permit,enable,expect,force,get,like,order,teach,want,invite,wish,beg等youshouldgetthemtohelpyou.在谓语动词believe,find,think,feel,consider,suppose,imagine,prove等后面跟tobe…作宾补，不跟todo,有时tobe可省略
①weallbelievejohnhonest.
②IconsiderhimoneofthebestteachersofNo.1middleSchool.
但当不定式是完成式时，to不能省略，如：
weconsiderhimtohavebeenfoolish.b）以下两类动词后跟不定式作宾补时不能带to①使役动词，如：
let,have,make等②感官动词，如：
see,watch,notice,lookat,listento,hear,feel,等Don’tletthechildrentroubleyou.Iheardsomeoneopenthedoor.但当这两类动词为被动态时，不定式就成了主补。
作主补的不定式必须加上toHisfathermadehimgotobedearly.→Hewasmadetogotobedearlybyhisfather.动词不定式省略to的情况还有：
a）wouldrather,hadbetter,whynotdoIwouldrathergoswimming.youhadbettertidyyourbedroom.whynotvisityourcousininjapan?
b）当两个动词不定式由and,or,except,but,than,ratherthan相连接时，通常情况下第二个to要省略Doyouwanttogoshoppingorwatchafilm?
Idecidedtowriteratherthanphone.wehadnothingtodobutwatchTV.=wehadnochoicebuttowatchTV.5.作定语不定式可以在句子充当后置定语，修饰名词。
以下几类情况常用不定式作定语：
①能带不定式作宾语的动词，其同源名词可以带不定式作定语。
常见的有attempt,decision,promise,plan等eg.Hehasn’tkepthispromisetowritetohisparentsregularly.②常与不定式搭配的形容词，其同源名词一般可以用不定式作定语。
常见的有ability,determination,anxiety,eagerness等eg.Hiseagernesstofinishhishomeworkwasquiteclear.③序数词、形容词最高级或被only,last,next等修饰的名词可以用不定式作定语：
Shewastheonlypersontosurviveaftertheearthquake.（Tips:
不定式在作定语时，有时与被修饰的名词有意义上的主谓关系、同位关系、动宾关系，如果该不定式是不及物动词，它后面需要加上适当介词。
）Eg.He’salwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.主谓关系
I’venotimetolistentoyourexcuse.同位关系
Shehasameetingtoattend.（动宾关系=attendameeting）
There’snothingtoworryabout.6.作状语⒈作目的状语
①Istayedtheretoseewhatwouldhappen.
②Henryhasdecidedtogotothehospitaltobeexaminedbythedoctor.
有时为了强调，不定式前可加inorder或soas。
如：
Bobtookdownmytelephonenumbersoasnottoforgetit.
有时为强调目的状语可把inorderto或不定式置于句首，但soasto不能这样用。
在这种句式中不定式部分可转换为sothat,inorderthat,成为目的状语从句，如：
Istayedthereinordertoseewhatwouldhappen.
=IstayedtheresothatIcouldseewhatwouldhappen.
⒉作原因状语在部分表示感情色彩的形容词、过去分词或动词之后可接不定式，如：
astonished,glad,happy,laugh,pleased,sad,smile,sorry,surprised等。
①wearegladtohearthenews.
②Iwassurprisedtoseethatathree-year-oldbabycouldwritesowell.
在部分形容词后接不定式，用主动形式表示被动意义，这种句型中的主语是不定式的逻辑宾语如：
Thequestionraisedbythestudentisdifficulttoanswer.
Theroomisreallycomfortabletolivein.
常这样用的形容词有:
easy,difficult,heavy,light,comfortable,fit,impossible等。
⒊作结果状语
wecamehomeafterourholidaytofindourgardenneatandtidy.
不定式作结果状语还常用在下列句式中。
①so…asto;
such…asto
I'
mnotsostupidastoputitinwriting.我不至于愚蠢到会把它写下来。
mnotsuchastupidfoolastoputitinwriting.
②enough…to
Theboyisn’toldenoughtogotoschool.
=Theboyistooyoungtogotoschool.
③onlyto用于表示意想不到的结果
janehurriedbackonlytofindhermotherdyinginthehospital.
④too…to
mtootiredtostayuplonger.
但在下列结构中，too…to并非是“太……而不能……”之意。
①I'
monlytoogladtohavepassedtheexam.考试及格我太高兴了。
（too修饰gladtohave…，相当于very）
②wehavetoomuchtolearn.我们要学的太多了（不定式作定语）。
4.不定式短语还可作独立成分，用于句首、句中或句末。
Totellthetruth,theplaywasagreatdisappointmenttome.
常见的短语有tobeexact（确切地说），tobeginwith（首先），todohimjustice（说句对他公道的话），tobesure（真的）等等。
Eg.Totellyouthetruth,Idislikeyou.7.作同位语eg.Theordertostartthegeneralattacksooncame.不定式的复合结构，以it为形式主语或形式宾语引导的复合结构，如果其前的形容词是指行为的性质就用：
forsb.todosth.这种复合结构在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语等。
ItisnecessaryformetolearnEnglishwell.如果该形容词是指行为的性质，同时又指行为的人，则用ofsb.todosth.。
这种句式中的常用形容词有：
right,wrong,brave,careful,careless,clever,wise,stupid,cruel,foolish,good,honest,kind,nice,silly等。
eg.It’sverykindofyoutocometoseeme.连接代（副）词+不定式（包括whether,what,which,whom,where,when,how,不包括why），在句中起名词的作用，通常跟在诸如tell,know,show,decide,learn,wonder,explain等动词后作宾语,也可作主语或表语。
Noonecantellmewheretofindjohn.whentostarttheexamisstillunknown.Theproblemishowtogetenoughmoney.动词不定式巩固练习1.I'
veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat________inmynewjob.A．expected
B．toexpect c．tobeexpecting
D．expects2._______lateinthemorning,Bobturnedoffthealarm.A．Tosleep
B．Sleeping
c．Sleep
D．Havingslept3.onelearnsalanguagebymakingmistakesand_______them.A．correct
B．correcting
c．corrects
D．tocorrect4.Themotherdidn'
tknow_________toblameforthebrokenglassasithappenedwhileshewasout. Ａ．who Ｂ．when Ｃ．how Ｄ．what5.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains_________whethertheywillenjoyit. Ａ．tosee Ｂ．tobeseen Ｃ．seeing Ｄ．Seen6.ItissaidinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows_______. Ａ．itwhattodowith Ｂ．whattodoitwith Ｃ．whattodowithit Ｄ．todowhatwithit7.
―Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?
―Thekey____theproblemistomeetthedemand____bythecustomers.
A.tosolving;
making
B.tosolving;
made
c.tosolve;
D.tosolve;
made8.Theteacheraskedus__________somuchnoise.
A.don’tmakeB.notmake
c.notmaking
D.nottomake9.myadvisorencouraged______asummercoursetoimprovemywritingskills.
Aformetaking
Bmetaking
cformetotake
Dmetotake10.Themaninsisted_______ataxiformeeventhoughItoldhimIlivednearby.
A.find
B.tofind
c.onfinding
D.infinding11.Thenewsreportershurriedtotheairport,only______thefilmstarshadleft.
A．totell
B．tobetold
c．telling
D．told12.Havingbeenillinbedfornearlyamonth,hehadahardtime_____theexam.
A．pass
B．topass
c．passed
D．passing13.Ifyouareplanningtospendyourmoneyhavingfunthisweek,better______it—you’vegotsomebigbillscoming.A.forget
B.forgot
c.forgetting
D.toforget14.Helenhadtoshout_____abovethesoundofthemusic.
A.makingherselfhear
B.tomakeherselfhear
c.makingherselfheard
D.tomakeherselfheard15.youweresillynot____yourcar.
A.tolock
B.tohavelocked
c.locking
D.havinglocked16.Idon’tknowwhetheryouhappen
,butI’mgoingtostudyintheU.S.A.thisSeptember.
A．tobeheard
B．tobehearing
c．tohear
D．tohaveheard17.AccordingtoarecentU.S.survey,childrenspentupto25hoursaweek_________TV.
A.towatch
B.towatching
c.watching
D.watch18.Thefluisbelieved_______byvirusesthatliketoreproduceinthecellsinsidethehumannoseandthroat.
A.causing
B.beingcaused
c.tobecaused
D.behavecaused19.I'
mgoingtothesupermarketthisafternoon.Doyouhaveanything________?
A.tobebuying
B.tobuy
c.forbuying
D.bought20.Victorapologizedfor__________toinformmeofthechangeintheplan.
A.hisbeingnotable
B.himnottobeable
c.hisnotbeingable
D.himtobenotable21.It’snecessarytobepreparedforajobinterview.________theanswersreadywillbeofgreathelp.
A.Tohavehad
B.Havinghad
c.Have
D.Having22.Heglancedoverather,______thatthoughshewastiny,sheseemedverywellputtogether.A.noting
B.noted
c.tonote
D.havingnoted23.Isendyou100dollarstoday,therest______inayear.
A.follows
B.followed
c.tofollow
D.beingfollowed24.----IsBobstillperforming?
----I'
mafraidnot.Heissaid________thestagealreadyashehasbecomeanofficialA.tohaveleft
B.toleave
c.tohavebeenleft
D.tobeleft25.Ithinkyou’llgrow________himwhenyouknowhimbetter.A．likingB．tobelike
c．tolikeD．tobeliking26.whilewatchingtelevision,__________.A．thedoorbellrang
B．thedoorbellringsc．weheardthedoorbellring
D．weheardthedoorbellrings27.Itwasunbelievablethatthefanswaitedoutsidethegymforthreehoursjust_______alookatthesportsstars.A.had
B.having
c.tohave
D.have28._________moreaboutuniversitycourses,call746-3789.A．TofindoutB．Findingout
c．Findout
D．Havingfoundout29.Idon'
twant_______likeI'
mspeakingillofanybody,butthemanager’splanisunfair.A.tosound
B.tobesounded
c.sounding
D.tohavesounded30.Soontheysawtheboy_________inthecrowd.A.disappear
B.todisappear
c.disappears
D.disappeared31.Didyounoticethelittleboy__________away?
A.tookthecandyandrun
B.takethecandyandrunc.takingthecandyandrun
D.whotakingthecandyrunning32.Iheardhim__________so.A.says
B.saying
c.say
D.said33.ProfessorBlackhadus__________compositionseveryFriday.A.towrite
B.written
c.write
D.writing34.mrsSmithmadeherpupils__________thetextthreetimesaweek.A.recite
B.recited
c.reciting
D.torecite35.Shewasseen__________modelshipsintheroom.A.made
B.tomake
c.makes
D.make36.Birdsa
升级会员 