TOEFL写作0509年事实类题目例证拆分法思路整理Word下载.docx
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例证拆分法要点
举例：
校园教育类，难举名人例证，因此多假设举例或物例。
“万金由”和例证拆分法重叠使用更为简单且有力。
告诉学生，拿到题目先考虑万金由，对于个别难题实在行不通再考虑例证拆分法
切不可为了拆分而拆分，强扭的瓜不甜呀！
例题
1~5题为史禺整理
6~10题为钟璟璟整理
11~20为华夏整理，其中标蓝色部分为集体讨论结果
1.060106
Nowadays,peopleputtoomuchemphasisonappearanceandfashion.
ThesisStatement:
Whetherthestatementholdstrueshouldbedeterminedonacase-by-casebasis.
BodyParagraph1:
Firstly,agreatmanypoliticalleadersusegoodlooksandcharismatotheiradvantage,butitisnotfairtosaythattheyputtoomuchemphasisonappearancesandfashion.
Examples:
RonaldRegan,JacquelineKennedy,BarrackObama.
Reason:
Votersaremoreinfavorofpoliticalleaderswithgoodlooks
Secondly,someentertainersoverlyemphasizestheimportanceoflooks
GeorgeClooney.BradPitt.
Reasons:
towinthefavoroffansandmakemostofhisimage
Butthereareseriousartistswhorelyontheirworks.
Example:
TomHanks
BodyParagraph2:
Ontheotherhand,thereareseriouspeoplewhojudgeapersonbyhis/hercontentnotbyappearance
BillGates.StevenJobs.
RayAllen.
2.060114
Television,newspapers,magazines,andothermediapaytoomuchattentiontothepersonallivesoffamouspeoplesuchaspublicfiguresandcelebrities.
Ontheonehand,tabloidsdoputtoomuchattentiontothepersonallivesofcelebrities.TheSun.
thefast-linelifeofParisHilton
Ontheotherhand,seriousnewspapersandmagazines,forinstance,TheNYTimes,WashingtonPost,arededicatedtoprovidingvaluableinfo
TheCNNprovidedup-to-dateinformationabouttheGulfWar
WatergateScandalwasrevealedbyWashingtonPost
ThescandalthatBostonCatholicpriestssexuallyabusedteenagerswasreportedbytheBostonGlobe
3.060915同051217
Doyouagreeordisagree:
Recently,wehavesomanysourcesofnewsandinformation,sothatwecannottellwhichoneisreliableandwhoistellingthetruth.
Admittedly,thestatementholdsagrainoftruthbecauseinsomecases,thevarietyofinformationsourcesdoescreateconfusion.
However,thestatementdoesnotholdwaterinmanyways,
Ontheonehand,despitethevarietyofinformationsources,wecanstilldiscernthetruth.
Ifmanysourcesconcuronafactorastory,wecandetermineitisthetruth
Ifmanysourcesshowdiscrepancyonafactorstory,wecancomparethesesourcesandfindthetruth
Andevenifwecannot,itisnotbecausethevarietyofinformationsources,butbecausewelackcriticalthinkingorcensorshiporpropaganda.
5.070303同060826
Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement?
Theabilitytocooperatewellwithothersismoreimportanttodaythanitwasinthepast.
Inthebusinessworld,cooperationhasdefinitelybecomemoreimportanttodaythatitwasinthepastbecausetoday’sbusinessesareonamuchlargerscalethantheywereinthepast.
Inthepoliticalworld,cooperationhasbecomemoreimportantthanitwasinthepastbecausetoday’spoliticalactivities,forinstance,presidentialelection,concernsmillionsofvotersandinvolvesthousandsofadvisers,assistantsandvolunteers.
BodyParagraph3:
Inthesportsarea,cooperationplaysthesameroleasitdidinthepastbecauseteamsports,forinstance,basketballorfootball,requirestheteamworkfromthedaytheywerecreated.
6.070616
Parentsfindithardtocontroltheirchildrenbecausetheirchildrenarenowinfluencedbymanythingsoutsidehomeliketelevisionormovies.
宜从多点击破，做驳论法比较好解。
立论比驳论更难。
小孩没有判断力，受到各方面影响，所以家长难管孩子。
对孩子工作，学习，生活造成各方面影响。
体育：
Phelps,Beckham头
娱乐：
Madonna,ParisHilton影响交友和时尚
政治：
BillClinton
驳原因：
因为其它原因，疏于管教，家长自身有问题；
外界因素是正面影响，传授价值观等
因果关系类题目一般要驳斥；
正反论证要让步，要削弱反驳
学生拿到题目有支离破碎的例子，但是不会组织；
要教学生把例子整合起来
科技手段：
电视，互联网
教育：
学校影响
社交：
朋友影响，要攀比，要融入群体
Or
媒体对孩子的影响表现
学习：
对学习的态度
朋友的选择
生活：
消费观念
7.070921
同060610
Theextendedfamily（grandparent,cousin,aunts,anduncles）hasbecomelessimportantinmodernsocietythanthepast.
对比选择型：
今昔对比
Extendedfamily可以提供：
经济帮助
生活经验：
同事关系处理不好，如何管孩子
道德榜样：
婚姻幸福
个人：
获得知识，建议的渠道更广；
网络
家庭：
分居在不同城市
社会：
联系更多的是朋友
生产力提高，不需要家族作业，种田，生产，集体完成，但是现在自己独立完成即可;
过去没有retirementbenefits,socialsecurity,保护家人，管理家庭事务，过去要养老人；
过去要帮着看孩子，现在有幼儿园；
现在出现替代手段，所以没那么重要
工作：
安全、吃饭以前很多人帮忙，现在超市买半成品或者不在家吃饭，所以没必要人多；
为什么老妈不重要了，因为有老婆了；
为什么老婆不重要了，因为有情人了，总之老妈不重要了
衣食住行
商业：
过去手工作坊
不要写宗教：
难写，而且还有灾难
8.071027
Observingandstudyinganimal’sbehaviorisusefultoknowhumannature.
政治意义：
头狼的责任感
经济意义：
管理学模式——小羊跳栅栏
道德意义：
舐犊之情，求生欲/尊重生命
占有欲：
动物首领成年后将幼仔驱逐出去
保护家庭成员
合作与竞争；
合作围捕猎物
9.071103
Peoplewhodonotworkbecausetheyhaveenoughmoneyarerarelyhappy.
生来就有钱不用工作；
太老了有钱没必要工作；
钱挣够了不用工作
开头介绍背景：
钱挣够了所以不用工作
政界：
总统退休做慈善
经济：
ceo功成名就30岁退休
女明星嫁大款当富太
有钱不用工作的人可以获得快乐
追求个人兴趣爱好
天伦之乐
做公益活动帮助更多人
10.071111
Mostoftheadvertisementmakeproductsappearbetterthantheyreallyare.
政治宣传：
总统大选
经济广告：
化妆品，汽车
文化：
Best-seller：
Twillight
事实类题目里面必须有事实
11.071209
同070210
Weliveamorecomfortableandeasierlifethanourgrandparentswhentheywerechildren.
Now>
past:
Advancedtechnologies:
technologicalconveniencesandenjoymentlikeTV,computer
Increasedsocialwealth:
peoplecanaffordmoreluxurieslikeautomobiles,jewellery,vacationabroad.
Increasedspiritualsatisfaction:
demandforknowledge,moreuniversities;
forequality,strengthenedlegalsystem;
Communication/travel/transportation/knowledgeacquisition
Past>
now:
Technologies:
workforcearereplacedbytechnologicalautomation,causingunemploymentandunstability–luddites;
Wealth:
voraciousappetiteformoremoney–viciousandunfaircompetition,Madoffscandal,Ponzischeme;
poisonedmilkpowder三鹿;
Corruptedmorality/weakenedspiritualstrength:
lackofgoal–ParisHilton;
increasedpressure–suiciderateinJapan,30,000peryear;
lossofidentity,drugs–MichaelPhelps
highlydevelopedscientifictechnologyengenderedthechangesinpeople’slives,whicharemanifestedinvariousways.
Manufacturingindustry:
computer-controlledsystem,automation–ensuresmassproduction;
peoplecanenjoymorematerialbenefitsofhigherquality
Medicalcare:
CTscanner,Xrayscanner,Type-Bultrasonicdisplay
Education:
learningtoolslikeipod,Internet,digitalrecorderpenandofficeappliancelikefaxmachineandphotocopymachinemakesstudyeasier;
universities
Transportsystem:
airplane,subway,hydro-electricbus–faster,savetime
12.080308
Atpresent,ALLpeoplewouldratherdothingstheyenjoythanthingstheyshoulddo.本题以蓝色部分为准，无底色部分为华夏思路，已否决
放纵:
loveaffair,alcoholist,drug,Internetaddiction
自律:
Mandela（sacrificepersonalfreedomfornationalindependence）,Gandhi;
playgolfafterwork
让步方法：
存在，但不是全部，只是部分现象
提示：
凡类似题目people前没有修饰的，可默认为ALL,下文便可驳斥并不是所有人都这样，只是someofthem
开头定义enjoyment:
thingsthatareinlinewithindividualinterests;
thingsshoulddo:
takeresponsibility,fulfillmission,meettheexpectationsofotherpeople
Politics:
politicalleaderstendtomanipulatetheirpowerstogainpersonalinterestsinsteadofstrivingtoensurethewelfareofthegeneralpublic.
陈水扁，corruption,duringhisterm,GDPincreaserateinTWdroppedby60%,increaserateofGDPpercapitadroppedfrom9.4%to3.7%
SaddamHussein:
dictatorshipanddespotism,slaughercitizens,denytheaccesstheinternationalaidintoIraq.
Business:
businessleaderstendtoprotecttheinterestoftheircompaniesatthecostofallotherstaff’sjobs.Onthebrinkofbankruptcy,thecommonpracticeistoselloutcompany,causingunemploymentsofthestaff.
E.g.1998,SGIselloutMulti-mediaDepartment,10employeestayed,theremaining90werefired.
professorsarebusydoingtelevisiontalk-showsandgivinglectureselsewhere.Theyreceivefameandcash,buttheacademicperformanceofthestudentsisatstake.
13.080504
Technologyhasmadechildrenlesscreativethantheywereinthepast.
科技发达，信息量大，使得孩子不用自己创新，直接拿来即可
计算器，各种参考书
现在玩电脑，ipod，过去玩益智游戏如魔方，24点
通讯：
互联网，各种资讯
Agree
开头介绍background:
highlydevelopedtechnology,explosionofinformation,childrenarebereftofboththeneedandthedrivetobecreative.Everythingtheyneedtoknowisreadilyoffered.
Study:
Calculator,noneedtosolvearithmeticpuzzlesthehardwayortrytobecreative,likeC.F.Gauss;
intheseaofreferencebooks,childrennolongerneedtofindvarioussolutionsthemselves,allarewritteninbooks.
InternetrenderschildrensoeasyaccesstovirtuallyallkindsofinformationthattheytendtorelyontheInternetforeverythinginsteadofbeingcreativeandfindanswersthemselves.E.g.writinganarticleabouttheuniquenessofyourhometown.Insteadofmakingactivethinkingandreflections,childrenmayhandinagoogledversionoftheirhometown；
Plagiarism
Entertainmentandrelaxation:
nowchildrenhavegadgetslikecomputer,ipodandmpN,whichar
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