翻译第一第二单元Word格式.docx
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《茶馆》Teahouse
避暑胜地summerresort
彩塑colorsculpture
茶楼teahouse
出土文物unearthedculturalrelics
工艺精湛exquisiteworkmanship
古建筑群ancientarchitecturalcomplex
桂林山水甲天下Guilinscenerytopsintheworld
婚丧嫁娶风俗thelocalconditionsandcustomsofweddingandfuneral
金刚theGuardians
锦绣大地alandofsplendors
景色如画picturesqueview
举世闻名的旅游景观world-renownedattractions
孔庙祭典amemorialceremonyatConfucius’Temple
旅游景点touristattraction,scenicspot,touristdestination,placesoftouristattraction,resort
民间艺术节folklorefestival
民俗风情folklore,folkcustoms
名胜古迹placesofhistoricalinterest,relicsandscenicbeauty
品尝风味小吃tastethefoodoflocaltaste
人文景观placesofhistoricfiguresandculturalheritage
山清水秀beautifulmountainsandclearwaters
山水风光scenerywithmountainsandrivers,landscape
诗情画意ascenefullofpoeticandartisticconception
手工艺品handicraft,artifact
水上街市overwatermarket
丝绸之路theSilkRoad/Route
唐三彩tricolor-grazedpottery,ceramicsoftheTangDynasty
藤桥canebridge
体验异国风情experiencetheobviousexoticatmosphere
土特产speciallocalproducts
外汇年收入annualforeigncurrencyearnings
文房四宝thefoursstationarytreasureofChinesestudyincludingwritingbrushes,inksticks,inkstonesandpaper
文化遗产culturalheritage
文人墨客menofletters;
writersandpoets
珍禽奇兽和奇花异草uniqueandintriguinganimalsandflora
中国民间艺术绝活Chineseuniqueskillsinfolkart
自然奇观naturalsplendor,attraction
天下第一泉thefinestspringunderheaven/intheworld
天下第一洞themostspectacularcaveunparallededelsewhereintheworld
课后练习
1.乡村旅游受到游客们的欢迎。
他们能够体验乡村生活,品尝家庭制作的食品,在自然环境中好好轻松一下。
Ruraltourshavebeenwelcomedbytourists,whocanexperiencecountrylife,tastehome-madefoodandrelaxinnaturalsurroundings.
2.上海香格里拉大酒店位于浦东江畔,与四百六十五米高的“东方之珠”电视塔遥遥相望。
LocatednearPudong,ShanghaiShangri-LaHotelhasaviewofthe465-meter-highOrientalPearlTVTower.
3.以文物和历史遗迹而闻名遐迩的古都――西安,建设了10座森林公园,去年吸引了八十万参观者。
Xi’an,anancientcitywell-knownforitsrelicsandhistoricsites,hasconstructed10forestparks,whichattractedmorethan800,000visitorslastyear.
4.天津海滨度假村近日开业,提供包括水上飞机、跳伞、海上垂钓、沙滩排球、温泉理疗、海滨戏浪在内的各种娱乐活动。
TheTianjinSeasideHolidayResorthasopenedtothepublicrecently.Itprovidesrecreationactivitiesincludingwaterplanes,parachutejumping,seafishing,beachvolleyball,hot-springphysicaltherapyandbeachcombing.
5.最近中国取消了对国内外游客实行不同票价的做法,使任何人在参观景点时都享受同等待遇。
Chinarecentlycanceleddifferentticketpricesfordomesticandforeigntourists.Everyonecannowenjoyequaltreatmentwhentheyvisitscenicspots.
6大致有两类离家出远门的人―――观光客和旅行者。
观光客得到的是一种模拟的感受。
他们享受舒适豪华,与现实世界隔绝,全然不知旅行的真谛。
而旅行者则历经艰难。
他们是独立自主的,囊中羞涩的,并且能够忍受各种不便。
旅行的精彩正在于此。
Therearegenerallytwokindsofpeopleontheroadawayfromhome---touristsandtravelers.Touristsaretheoneshavingthesimulatedexperience.Enjoyingcomfortandluxury,shelteredfromreality,theydon’tknowwhattravelingisallabout.Travelers,ontheotherhand,suffer.Theyareindependent,impecuniousandabletotoleratealldegreeofdiscomfort.Thisistravelatitsbest.
7中国民俗文化村是国内第一个荟萃各民族的民间、民俗风情和居民建筑于一园的大型文化旅游区。
它座落在风光秀丽的深圳湾畔,占地18万平方米。
您可以在一日之内,或乘车,或步行,或乘船在村寨里尽情游历。
除了可以了解各民族的建筑风格之外,还可以欣赏和参与各民族的歌舞表演、民族工艺品生产和民族风味食品制作的表演。
ChinaFolkCultureVillages,thefirstlargeculturesightseeingspotswithinthecountry,combinesthepopulace,folkcustomsandpopulararchitectureofeachnationalityexcellenceinagarden.LocatedinthescenicsplendorofShenzhenBay,itcoversanareaof180,000squaremeters.Youmaytouraroundthevillagesbycar,byboatoronfoot.Notonlycanyougettoknowthearchitecturestyleofeachnationalitybutalsoenjoyandparticipatetheethnicsinginganddancingperformance,aswellasthemakingoftheethniccraftsandcuisine(烹饪,饭菜)performance.
第二单元人物介绍
周恩来的品质、人格、风范、情怀为中华民族树立了一座精神丰碑。
他那种勤勤恳恳、任劳任怨、全心全意为人民服务的奉献精神;
那种艰苦朴素、严于律己、心底无私、一心为公的清廉精神;
那种顾全大局,不计较个人荣辱得失的牺牲精神;
那种实事求是的求实精神;
那种言行一致的磊落精神;
那种对党、对国家和人民的高度责任感,工作一丝不苟,周密细致的精神,正是我们今天建设社会主义精神文明所迫切需要发扬光大的。
品德moralcharacter
人格personality
风范style
情怀noblesentiments
丰碑aparagon
勤勤恳恳hardanddiligentworking
任劳任怨hard-workingwithoutanycomplaint
全心全意whole-hearted
奉献精神dedication
严以律己tobestrictwithoneself
一心为公engrossmentbythepublicinterest
顾全大局indeferencetotheinterestsoftheoverallsituation
荣辱得失honorordisgrace,gainorloss
求实精神realisticapproach
磊落精神theopenanduprightspirit
言行一致tobeasgoodasone’swords
高度责任感highsenseofresponsibility
一丝不苟tobeworkconscientiouslyandmeticulously
周密细致thestrictandcarefulspirit
精神文明spiritualcivilization
发扬光大tocarryforward
ZhouEnlai’smoralcharacter,personality,styleandnoblesentimentsconstitutedaparagonfortheChinesenation.Hisdedicationasshowninhisdiligent,conscientiousandhardworkingandwhole-heartedservicetothepeoplewithoutanycomplaint;
hisincorruptibilityasshowninhisplainliving,beingstrictwithhimself,selflessnessandengrossmentbythepublicinterest,hisspiritofsacrificeasshowninhisneverbeingconcernedaboutpersonalhonorordisgrace,gainorlossindeferencetotheinterestsoftheoverallsituation;
hisrealisticapproachofseekingtruthfromfacts;
hisopenanduprightspiritofbeingasgoodashiswords;
hishighsenseofresponsibilitytotheParty,thestateandthepeople;
hisstrictandcarefulspiritofworkingconscientiouslyandmeticulously-areallthatweneedurgentlytocarryforwardinfosteringoursocialistspiritualcivilization.
翻译难点:
四字格词语
汉语由四个字构成的词语数量很大,使用频率很高。
英译时,英语无法在结构上对应四字格的要求,只能打破原文的四字格结构,再准确传递原文信息的基础上,能直译且保持原来的民族特色和形象,并为外国读者所理解,则可以直译。
否则,应采用意译法,或修辞译法,将词语的基本意思译成简洁明了的英语即可。
A直译法:
即根据四字成语的意义,运用对应词或者词组进行翻译的方法。
败兴而归tocomebackdisappointedly
背道而驰torunintheoppositedirection
不欢而散topartonbadterms
惩前毖后,治病救人
tocurethesicknesstosavethepatient;
tolearnfrompastmistakestoavoidfutureones.
大补元气reinforcevitalenergy
典雅大方elegantandgraceful
点头哈腰tobowandscrape
独一无二oneandonly
光明正大fairandsquare
胡说八道stuffandnonsense
花色繁多awideselectionofcoloursanddesigns
救死扶伤tohealthewoundedandrescuethedying
滥用职权toabuseone’spower
老少良伴goodcompaniesforchildrenaswellasadults
寥寥无几fewandfarbetween
浓香可口aromaticcharacterandagreeabletaste
弄巧成拙tobetoocleverbyhalf
软硬适中neithertoohardnortoosoft
四面八方farandnear
同甘共苦sharewealandwoe
熙熙攘攘hustleandbustle
扬长避短
tomakethebestpossibleuseoffavorableconditionsandavoidtheunfavorable;
tofosterstrengthsandcircumventweakness.
一言九鼎one’swordcarriesweightofninetripods
辗转反侧totossandturn
政通人和tobereflectedbylogicaladministrationandharmoniouspeople
B意译法:
有些四字格词语由四个字构成一个意思,英译时可以概括地表达原意。
背信弃义perfidious
病入膏肓beyondcure
高视阔步carryoneselfproudly
根深蒂固deeplyingrained
拐弯抹角obliquely
急功近利,浅尝辄止instantsuccess
金玉其外,败絮其中rubbishcoatedingoldandjade;
fairwithout,foulwithin
名落孙山tofailinacompetitiveexamination
脱贫致富povertyalleviation
相得益彰bringoutthebestineachother
相辅相成supplementeachother
相形见绌palebycomparison
相映成趣formadelightfulcontrast
小康水平arelativelycomfortablestandardofliving
胸有成竹absolutelyconfident;
tohaveacardonone’ssleeve
自力更生relyonone’sownefforts;
self-reliance
有些四字格词语,前两个字和后两个字意义上明显有重复,翻译时只译两个字的意思即可,全译反而显得累赘。
半生不熟half-cooked
暴风骤雨aviolentstorm
笨口拙舌awkwardinspeech
不慌不忙unhurried
赤手空拳barehanded
高谈阔论toindulgeinloudandemptytalk
破釜沉舟toburnone’sboat/bridge
轻柔松软softandlight
深仇大恨profoundhatred
深情厚谊profoundfeeling
有些四字格词语需要重新组织表达形式,甚至运用一些典故,比如,希腊神话典故和圣经典故,才能生动形象地表达原意。
或者运用一些修辞手法,如隐喻,谐音,反复,使得译文能够准确地被别人所接受。
洁齿清气cleansyourbreathwhileitcleansyourteeth(repetition)
竭尽全力toothandnail(metaphor)
天网恢恢疏而不漏Justicehaslongarms.(Metaphor)
无米之炊tomakebrickwithoutstraw
严禁喧哗tospeakaloudisnotallowed(homonyms)
指点迷途Ariadne’sthread(Greekmyth)
自命不凡ambitionsasPhaection(Greekmyth)
Supplementaryvocabularyandexpressions
博大精深tohaveextensiveandprofoundideas
不骄不躁neitherarrogantnorrash
操办风todothingsonagrandscale
从实际出发tobebasedonreality
扶正压邪tofosterthegoodpracticeofupholdingjusticeandcondemningevil
浮于表面toremainonthesurface
假公济私tousepublicofficeforpersonalgain
建设有中国特色的社会主义buildingsocialismwithChinesecharacteristics
讲理想,讲纪律tofosterloftyidealsandasenseofdiscipline
脚踏两只船torunwiththehareandhuntwiththehounds
接受监督toplacethemselvesunderthesupervision
旧瓶换新酒toputthenewwineintheoldbottle
鞠躬尽瘁,死而后已todoone’sbestanddevoteoneselftothepeopleandcountryuntilthelastdayofone’slife
克己奉公toworkselflesslyforthepublicinterests
克勤克俭tobeindustriousandfrugal
量力而行totakenomoreonyouthanyouareabletobear
能上能下tobeabletotakeahigherorlowerpostasrequired
年富力强youngandenergetic
徘徊不前waverandprocrastinate
破格提拔unconventionallypromote
谦和致远Fairandsoftlygoesfar.
前赴后继toadvancewaveuponwave
强大精神动力apowerfu