北京成人英语三级考试A卷试题及答案Word格式文档下载.docx

北京成人英语三级考试A卷试题及答案Word格式文档下载.docx

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　　Accordingtoarecentsurvey,employeesinmanycompaniestodayworklongerhoursthanemployeesdidin1979.Theyalsotakeshortervacationsthanemployeesin1979.ItseemsthatAmericansareworkinghardertodaythaneverbefore.Orarethey?

Amanagementconsultant.BillMeyer,decidedtofindout.Forthreedays,heobservedaninvestmentbankerhardatwork.Meyerwrotedowneverythingthebankerdidduringhislongworkday.Attheendofthethree-dayperiod,Meyerreviewedthebanker'

sactivitieswithhim.Whatdidtheyfindout?

Theydiscoveredthatthemanspent80percentofhistimedoingunnecessarywork.Forexample,heattendedunnecessarymeetings,maderedundant（多余的）telephonecalls,andspenttimepackingandunpackinghistwobigbriefcases。

　　（76）Apparently,manypeoplebelievethatthemoretimeapersonspendsatwork.themoreheorsheaccomplishes.Whenemployersevaluateemployees,theyoftenconsidertheamountoftimeonthejobinadditiontojobperformance.Employeesknowthis.Althoughmanyworkingpeoplecandotheirjobeffectivelyduringaregular40-hourworkweek,theyfeeltheyhavetospendmoretimeonthejobafternormalworkinghourssothatthepeoplewhocanpromotethemseethem。

　　Agroupofheadhunters（猪头）wereaskedtheiropinionaboutasituation.Theyhadachoiceoftwocandidatesforanexecutivepositionwithanimportantcompany.Thecandidateshadsimilarqualificationsforthejob.Forexample,theywerebothreliable.Onecoulddothejobwellina40-hourworkweek.Theotherwoulddothesamejobinan80-hourworkweekjustaswell.Accordingtoaheadhuntingexpert,the80-hour-a-weekcandidatewouldgetthejob.Thetimethiscandidatespendsonthejobmayencourageotheremployeestospendmoretimeatwork,too.Employersbelievethatiftheemployeesstayatworklater,theymayactuallydomorework。

　　However,theconnectionbetweentimeandproductivity（生产率）isnotalwayspositive.（77）Infact,manystudiesindicatethatafteracertainpoint,anyone'

sproductivityandcreativitybegintodecrease.Someemployeesarenotwillingtospendsomuchextra,unproductivetimeattheoffice.Oncetheyfinishtheirworksatisfactorily,theywanttorelaxandenjoythemselves.Forthesepeople,thesolutionistofindacompanythatencouragespeopletodoboth。

　　1.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

　　A.Manypeopleworklonghoursbutdonotalwaysdoalotofwork。

　　B.Mostpeoplecangetmoreworkdonebyworkinglongerhours。

　　C.MostAmericanswork80hoursaweek,andsomeworkevenlonger。

　　D.Peoplecanmakemoremoneybyworkinglongerhours。

　　2.Themanagementconsultantwantedtofindout______。

　　A.howhardtheinvestmentbankerworkedduringhisworkhours

　　B.whenpeoplespenttimedoingunnecessaryworkintheiroffice

　　C.ifpeopleneededvacationafterworkinghardforacertainperiodoftime

　　D.whetherAmericanswerereallyworkingharderthantheyhaddonebefore

　　3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

　　A.Themoretimeapersonspendsatwork,themoreheorsheaccomplishes。

　　B.Employersdonotjudgetheiremployees'

jobperformanceaccordingtotheamountofworkingtime。

　　C.Somepeopleworkmorethan40hoursaweekinthehopeofgettingpromotion。

　　D.Allemployeesarewillingtospendextratimeatwork。

　　4.The80-hour-a-weekcandidatewouldgetthejobbecauseemployersbelieve______。

　　A.thatheismorereliable

　　B.hisexamplewouldleadotheremployeestoworklongerhours

　　C.hehasbetterqualifications

　　D.hecouldencourageotheremployeestodoabetterjob

　　5.Theexpression“todoboth”inthelastparagraphis______。

　　A.tofinishtheirworksatisfactorilyandrelaxandenjoythemselves

　　B.topayattentiontobothperformanceandproductivity

　　C.toworklonghoursandhaveshortvacations

　　D.torelaxandenjoythemselvesquitefrequently

　　Passage2

　　Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

　　Manyprivateinstitutionsofhighereducationaroundthecountryareindanger.Notallwillbesaved,andperhapsnotalldeservetobesaved.Therearelow-qualityschoolsjustastherearelow-qualitybusinesses.Wehavenoobligationtosavethemsimplybecausetheyexist.Butmanythrivinginstitutionsthatdeservetocontinuearethreatened.Theyaredoingafinejobeducationally,buttheyarecaughtinafinancialdifficulty,withnowaytoreducerisingcostsorincreaserevenues（收入）significantly.Raisingfeesdoesn'

tbringinmorerevenue,foreachtimefeesgoup,theenrollment（注册人数）goesdown,ortheamountthatmustbegivenawayinstudentaidgoesup.（78）Schoolsarebadbusinesses,whetherpublicorprivate.notusuallybecauseofbadmanagementbutbecauseofthenatureofthebusiness.Theylosemoneyoneverycustomer,andtheycangobankrupteitherfromtoofewstudentsortoomanystudents.Evenaverygoodcollegeisaverybadbusiness。

　　Itissuchcolleges,thrivingbutthreatened,thatIworryabout.Lowenrollmentisnottheirchiefproblem.Evenwithfullenrollments,theymaygounder.Effortstosavethem,andpreferablytokeepthemprivate,areanationalnecessity.（79）Thereisnobasisforarguingthatprivateschoolsareboundtobebetterthanpublicschools.Thereareplentifulexamplestothecontrary.Anyonecannamestateuniversitiesandcollegesthatrankasthefinestinthenationandtheworld.Itisnowinevitablethatpublicinstitutionswillbedominant,andthereforediversity（多样性）isanationalnecessity.Diversityinthewaywesupportschoolstendstogiveusahealthydiversityintheformsofeducation.Inanimperfectsocietysuchasours,uniformityofeducationthroughoutthenationcouldbedangerous.Inanimperfectsociety,diversityisapositivegood.Eagersupportersofpublichighereducationknowtheimportanceofkeepingprivatehighereducationhealthy。

　　6.Inthepassage,theauthorasksthepublictosupport_____。

　　A.privatehighereducationingeneral

　　B.publichighereducationingeneral

　　C.high-qualityprivateuniversitiesandcolleges

　　D.high-qualitystateuniversitiesandcolleges

　　7.Accordingtothepassage,schoolsarebadbusinessesbecauseof____。

　　A.thenatureofschoolB.poorteachers

　　C.badmanagementD.toofewstudents

　　8.Thephrase“gounder”inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto_____。

　　A.havelowfeesB.getintodifficulties

　　C.doabadjobeducationallyD.havelowteachingstandards

　　9.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

　　A.Therearemanycasesindicatingthatprivateschoolsaresuperiortopublicschools。

　　B.Theauthorthinksdiversityofeducationispreferabletouniformityofeducation。

　　C.Ahigh-qualityuniversityisalwaysagoodbusiness。

　　D.Eachtimefeesareraised,theenrollmentgoesup。

　　10.Intheauthor'

sopinion,thewaythatcansaveprivateschoolsliesin____。

。

　　A.fullenrollmentB.raisingfees

　　C.reducingstudentaidD.nationalsupport

　　Passage3

　　Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

　　Thefourth-gradersatChicago'

sMcCormickElementarySchooldon'

tknowChineseissupposedtobehardtolearn.Formost,whospeakSpanishathome,it'

sbecomingtheirthirdlanguage.They'

vebeenhearingandusingChinesewordssincenursery,andit'

snaturaltogivea"

nihao"

whenstrangersentertheclassroom,“It'

sreallyfun!

”saysMirandaLucas,takingabreakfromalessonthatincludesaChineseinterviewwithJackieChan.“I'

mteachingmymomtospeakChinese。

”

　　TheclassroomsceneatMcCormickisunusual,butitmaysoonbeacommonphenomenoninAmericanschools,whereChineseisrapidlybecomingthehotnewlanguage.GovernmentofficialshavelongwantedmorefocusonusefullanguageslikeChinese,andpressurefromthem—aswellasfrombusinessleaders,politicians,andparents—hasproducedaquickgrowthinthenumberofprograms。

　　ChicagocityofficialsmaketheirbestefforttoincludeChineseintheirpublicschools.Theirprogramhasgrowntoinclude3,000studentsin20schools,withmoreschoolsonawaitinglist.ProgramshavealsospreadtoplaceslikeLosAngeles,NewYorkCity,andNorthCarolina.SupportersseeknowledgeoftheChineselanguageandcultureasanadvantageinaglobaleconomywhereChinaisgrowinginimportance.“Thisisaninterestingwaytobegintoengagewiththeworld'

snextsuperpower,”saysMichaelLevine,directorofeducationattheAsiaSociety,whichhasstartedfivenewpublichighschoolsthatofferChinese.“Globalizationhasalreadychangedthearrangementsintermsofhowchildrentodayaregoingtothinkabouttheircareers.Thequestioniswhen,notwhether,theschoolsaregoingtoadjust”

　　（80）ThenumberofstudentslearningChineseistinycomparedwithhowmanystudySpanishorFrench.Butonereportshowsthatbefore-collegeenrollment 

nearlyquadrupledbetween1992and2002,from6,000to24,000.Despitethedemand,though,developingprogramsisn'

teasy.AndtheNo.onedifficulty,everyoneagrees,ishavingenoughteachers.Findingteacher"

isthechallenge,"

saysScottMcGinnis,anacademicadviserforalanguageinstituteandaChineseteacherfor15yearsatthecollegelevel."

Materialsareeasyincomparison.Orgettingschoolsfunded."

　　11.Thebesttitleforthispassagemightbe______。

　　A.Ne