学年高中英语人教版必修三Unit4单元导学案教师版定稿Word文件下载.docx
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把下列拓展抄到词汇表里，并熟记。
词汇
拓展
system
systematicadj.有系统的，有规则的
exist
existencen.
existentadj.
religion
religiousadj.
puzzle
adj.puzzled感到迷惑的
puzzling令人迷惑的
theory
theoreticaladj.理论的
biology
biologicaladj.
billion
billionairen.亿万富翁
billionsof数以亿计的；
亿万
satellite
man-madesatellite人造卫星
violent
violencen.
violentlyadj.
gentle
gentlyadv.
intime
ontime按时
finally/atlast/eventually最终
physicist
physicsn.物理（学）
physicaladj.物理学的;
身体的
physicallyadv身体上
unlike
dislikevt.不喜欢;
厌恶
extinct
extinctionn.
fundamental
fundamentallyadv.基础地;
根本地;
从根本上;
crash
crashdown猛然倒下
aircrash飞机失事
presence
presentadj.现在的;
目前的;
出席的;
v.颁发；
授予；
呈献；
n.现在;
礼物;
lessen
lessadj.较少的（little的比较级）;
较小的;
adv.较少地，较小地;
harmful
harmv.&
n.
beharmfulto=doharmto
weightlessly
weighv.称…的重量;
权衡
weightn.重量，体重
weightlessadj.没有重量的，失重的，无重力的;
chain
chainvt.用铁链锁住;
监禁，束缚;
nowthat
since
reaction
reactv.
exhaust
exhaustedadj.耗尽的;
用完的;
筋疲力尽的;
精疲力竭的;
exhaustingadj.令人筋疲力尽的
lay
laid,laid,laying
watchoutfor
lookoutfor
mynotes（此外，我还想到了以下拓展）
【训练案】
一．单词填空：
1.Astronomy（天文学）isthescientificstudyofthestars,planets,andothernaturalobjectsinspace.
2.Overtheyearsseveralsimilartheories（理论）havebeenputforward.
3.Weuseaglobe（地球仪）inourgeographyclass.
4.Manycinema-goerswereshockedbythefilm'
sviolent（暴力的）andtragicend.
5.Atleastthissecondmeetinghadhelpedtothaw（缓和）theatmosphere（气氛）.
6."
We'
llallbearrested!
"
Thomasyelled,whichwasmostunlike（不像）him.
7.Clothesareafundamental（基本的）formofself-expression.
8.Stephennoticedthatthepeoplearoundhimlookedcheeredbyhispresence（出现、在场）.
9.Friendshipmultiplies（增加）joysanddividesgriefs.
10.Thebrainrequiresaconstantsupplyofoxygen（氧气）.
11.Hecompletelyignoredallthesefactsasthoughtheyneverexisted（存在）.
12.Jimmyisadoptedandthus（因此）unrelatedtoBethbyblood.
13.Mysisterpuzzles（使迷惑）meandcausesmeanxiety.
14.Thebiologist（生物学家）advancedanewtheoryoflife.
15.Anapplefallsdownbecauseofgravity（重力）.
16.Thetwocountriessignedanagreementtojointlylaunchsatellites（卫星）.
17.Ifclimate（气候）changescontinue,wewillsuffertheconsequences.
18.Thescientistcouldnotcalculatewhenthespaceship（太空船）wouldreachtheJupiter.
19.Iletmyselfoutintothestreetandpulled（拉）thedoorshut.
20.Someleaveswerefloating（漂浮）aroundonthestilllake.
二．单句语法填空：
1.Mostreligions（religious）teachyoutobetruthfulandself-disciplined.
2.Global（globe）warmingisarealproblem.
3.TheFrenchgovernmentcalledforanendtotheviolence（violent）.
4.Languageissomethingwhichfundamentally（fundamental）distinguisheshumansfromanimals.
5.Thereisageneralawarenessthatsmokingisharmful（harm）.
6.Theykeptmechained（chain）upeverynightandreleasedmeeachday.
7.Gracelaid（lay）outtheknivesandforksatthelunch-table.
8.Surelymyexistence（exist）cannotbesopurposeless?
9.Putonrainbootwhenwashingfloor,topreventyourselffromslipping（slip）down.
10.Criticsremainpuzzled（puzzle）bytheBritishelectionresults.
11.Atpresent（presence）childrenunder14arenotpermittedinbars.
12.Helaidhishandgently（gentle）onherhead.
13.HewasawardedtheNobelPrizeforPhysics（physicist）in1985.
14.Theplantisnowindangerofextinction（extinct）.
15.Thelifeboatcrashed（crash）againstthesideofthesinkingship.
16.Regularexercisecanhelptolessen（less）thepain.
17.Icheeredupimmediatelyandfloatedweightlessly（weigh）aroundinourspacecabinwatchingtheearthbecomingsmallerandthemoonlarger.
18.Ididn'
tquitegetthehangofhisargument.
19.IwasinanightclubinBrixtonandafightbrokeout.
20.Aftersuchalongandexhausting（exhaust）day,theonlythingshewantedwasagoodnight'
ssleep.
Part2LanguagePointsinReading1
1.预习部分：
I.精读课文，互译文中的词汇、句型及语法结构。
II.记下自己的疑问，以备堂上讨论，释疑。
2.探究部分：
堂上完成。
3.练习部分：
堂上或课后完成。
1.熟读掌握Reading1中出现的语言点，温故知新。
2.重点掌握Reading1语言点重难点的运用。
温故知新：
文中表达法互译或按课文填空。
正文
Qs
HOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTH
Nooneknowsexactlyhowtheearthbegan（宾语从句）,as（由于，因为）ithappenedsolongago.However,accordingto（根据）awidelyaccepted（广泛接受的）theory,theuniversebeganwitha"
BigBang"
thatthrewmatterinalldirections（四面八方）.Afterthat,atomsbeganto（开始去做...*begindoingsth.）formandcombinetocreatestarsandotherbodies.
Forseveralbillionyearsafterthe"
theearthwasstilljustacloudofdust.Whatitwastobecome（主语从句；
betodosth.计划，安排做...）wasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe（定语从句）.（随后它变成什么没人知道，直到38亿至45亿年前，这团尘埃才慢慢地形成了一个固体的球状物）Theearthbecamesoviolentthat（如此...以致于...）itwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot（主语从句）.Itexplodedloudlywithfireandrock.Theywereintimetoproducecarbon,nitrogen,watervapourandothergases,whichweretomaketheearth'
satmosphere（最终产生二氧化碳、氮气、水蒸气和其他气体，从而形成了地球的大气层）.Whatisevenmoreimportant（主语从句）isthatastheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearonitssurface（表语从句）.
WaterhadalsoappearedonotherplanetslikeMarsbut,unliketheearth,ithaddisappearedlater.Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife（主语从句;
befundamentalto...对...是必要的/根本的）.Whatmanyscientistsbelieve（主语从句）isthatthecontinuedpresenceofwaterallowedtheearthto（允许...做...）dissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas（很多科学家相信，地球上长期有水存在，使地球得以把有害气体和酸性物质溶解在海洋里）.Thisproducedachainreaction,whichmadeitpossibleforlifetodevelop（it作形式宾语）.
Manymillionsofyearslater,thefirstextremely（极其;
非常）smallplantsbegantoappearonthesurfaceofthewater.Theymultipliedandfilledtheoceansandseaswith（用...装满）oxygen,whichencouragedthelaterdevelopmentofearlyshellfishandallsortsoffish（allsortsof各种各样的）.Next,greenplantsbegantogrowonland.Theywerefollowedintimebylandanimals.Somewereinsects.Others（一些...另一些）,calledamphibians（过去分词作定语）,wereabletoliveonlandaswellas（和）inthewater.Laterwhentheplantsgrewintoforests,reptilesappearedforthefirsttime（第一次,作状语）.Theyproducedyounggenerallybylayingeggs（by+v-ing通过做...）.Afterthat,somehugeanimals,calleddinosaurs（过去分词作定语）,developed.Theylaideggstooandexistedontheearthformorethan140millionyears.However,65millionyearsagotheageofthedinosaursended.Whytheysuddenlydisappeared（主语从句）stillremainsamystery.Thisdisappearancemadepossibletheriseof（...的出现）mammalsontheearth.Theseanimalsweredifferentfrom（与...不一样）alllifeformsinthepast,becausetheygavebirthtoyoungbabyanimalsandproducedmilktofeedthem.
Finallyabout2.6millionyearsagosomesmallcleveranimals,nowwithhandsandfeet,appearedandspreadallovertheearth（遍及各个角落）.Thustheyhave,intheirturn,becomethemostimportantanimalsontheplanet.Buttheyarenotlookingaftertheearthverywell.Theyareputtingtoomuchcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,whichpreventsheatfromescapingfromtheearthintospace.Asaresultofthis（由于这样）,manyscientistsbelievetheearthmaybecometoohotto（太...以致不能...）liveon.Sowhetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocome（主语从句）willdependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved（宾语从句）.（生命究竟是怎样起源的是科学家们觉得最难解决的问题之一）
Usefulexpressions:
accordingto根据...layeggs下蛋
allowsb.todosth.允许...做...bedifferentfrom与...不同
fill...with...用...装满...asaresultofthis由于这样
forthefirsttime第一次dependon依赖；
依靠
intime及时，终于beharmfulto对...有害
givebirthto产生；
分娩inone’sturn轮到某人
prevent...from阻止；
制止
【探究案】
KeywordsandexpressionsinReading1
1.However,accordingtoawidelyacceptedtheory,theuniversebeganwitha“BigBang”...
然而，一种普遍为人们所接受的理论是：
宇宙起源于一次大爆炸……
【拓展】
beginwith＝startwith以……开始；
由……作为开头
tobeginwith首先；
第一点
【例句】
1）Theproceedingswillbeginwithaspeechtowelcometheguests.
大会议程首先是向来宾致欢迎辞。
2）Tobeginwith,sheistooyoungforthatkindofjob.
首先，她做这种工作年纪还太轻。
2.Theywereintimetoproducecarbondioxide,nitrogen,watervapourandothergases.
它们最终产生了二氧化碳、氮、水蒸气和其他气体。
intime1.及时，适时2.迟早,最后
ontime准时，按时
attimes有时
atatime每次
innotime立刻；
马上
atthesametime同时
atonetime一度；
从前
atnotime绝不（置于句首时，句子常用倒装）
1）Fortunatelyasoldiercametorescueintimetosavethedrowningboy.
2）Youwillsucceedintimeaslongasyoudon'
tgiveup.
3）Atnotimeshouldwegiveintodifficulties.
4）Doonethingatatimeanddoitwell.
5）Hebehavesveryoddlyattimes.Idon'
tthinkhe'
squietallthere.
3.WaterhadalsoappearedonotherplanetslikeMarsbutunliketheearth，ithaddisappearedlater.水也出现在像火星那样的其他行星上，但和地球不同，其他行星上的水后来都消失了。
【词语链接】
disliken．反感，不喜爱vt.不喜欢，厌恶
likelyadj可能的unlikelyadj不可能的
belikelytodosth可能做某事
It'
slikelythat...有可能……
1）It’smorethanlikelythevoteswillhavetobecountedagain．
2）Herlatestnovelisquiteunlikeherearlierwork.
3）Ifyougoonlikethatyou'
llgetyourselfdisliked．
4）Iwasveryinterestedinthelecture,unlikemanyofthestudents（不像其他学生）.
4.Whatmanyscientistsbelieveisthatthecontinuedpresenceofwaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesan
升级会员 