英语六级真题及答案Word格式.docx

英语六级真题及答案Word格式.docx

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1．现在许多人热衷于各类证书考试

2．其目的各不相同

3．在我看来……

TheCertificateCraze

注意：

此部分试题在答题卡1上。

PartII 

ReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning） 

（15minutes）

Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionson 

AnswerSheet1. 

Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.Forquestions8-10,completetheseentenseswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

MinorityReport

Americanuniversitiesareacceptingmoreminoritiesthanever.Graduatingthemisanothermatter.

BarryMills,thepresidentofBowdoinCollege,wasjustifiablyproudofBowdoin'

seffortstorecruitminoritystudents.Since2003thesmall,eliteliberalartsschoolinBrunswick,Maine,hasboostedtheproportionofso-calledunder-representedminoritystudentsinenteringfreshmanclassesfrom8%to13%."

Itisourresponsibilitytoreachoutandattractstudentstocometoourkindsofplaces,"

hetolda 

NEWSWEEK 

reporter.ButBowdoinhasnotdonequiteaswellwhenitcomestoactuallygraduatingminorities.While9outof10whitestudentsroutinelygettheirdiplomaswithinsixyears,only7outof10blackstudentsmadeittograduationdayinseveralrecentclasses.

"

Ifyoulookatwhoenterscollege,itnowlookslikeAmerica,"

saysHilaryPennington,directorofpostsecondaryprogramsfortheBill&

MelindaGatesFoundation,whichhascloselystudiedenrollmentpatternsinhighereducation."

Butifyoulookatwhowalksacrossthestageforadiploma,it'

sstilllargelythewhite,upper-incomepopulation."

TheUnitedStatesoncehadthehighestgraduationrateofanynation.Nowitstands10th.ForthefirsttimeinAmericanhistory,thereistheriskthattherisinggenerationwillbelesswelleducatedthanthepreviousone.Thegraduationrateamong25-to34-year-oldsisnobetterthantherateforthe55-to64-year-oldswhoweregoingtocollegemorethan30yearsago.Studiesshowthatmoreandmorepoorandnon-whitestudentswanttograduatefromcollege–buttheirgraduationratesfallfarshortoftheirdreams.Thegraduationratesforblacks,Latinos,andNativeAmericanslagfarbehindthegraduationratesforwhitesandAsians.AstheminoritypopulationgrowsintheUnitedStates,lowcollegegraduationratesbecomeathreattonationalprosperity.

Theproblemispronouncedatpublicuniversities.In2007theUniversityofWisconsin-Madison–oneofthetopfiveorsoprestigiouspublicuniversities–graduated81%ofitswhitestudentswithinsixyears,butonly56%ofitsblacks.Atless-selectivestateschools,thenumbersgetworse.Duringthesametimeframe,theUniversityofNorthernIowagraduated67%ofitswhitestudents,butonly39%ofitsblacks.Communitycollegeshavelowgraduationratesgenerally–butrock-bottomratesforminorities.ArecentreviewofCaliforniacommunitycollegesfoundthatwhileathirdoftheAsianstudentspickeduptheirdegrees,only15%ofAfrican-Americansdidsoaswell.

Privatecollegesanduniversitiesgenerallydobetter,partlybecausetheyoffersmallerclassesandmorepersonalattention.Butwhenitcomestoasignificantgraduationgap,Bowdoinhascompany.NearbyColbyCollegeloggedan18-pointdifferencebetweenwhiteandblackgraduatesin2007and25pointsin2006.MiddleburyCollegeinVermont,anothertopschool,hada19-pointgapin2007anda22-pointgapin2006.Themostselectiveprivateschools–Harvard,Yale,andPrinceton–showalmostnogapbetweenblackandwhitegraduationrates.Butthatmayhavemoretodowiththeirabilitytoselectthebeststudents.AccordingtodatagatheredbyHarvardLawSchoolprofessorLainGainer,themostselectiveschoolsaremorelikelytochooseblackswhohaveatleastoneimmigrantparentfromAfricaortheCaribbeanthanblackstudentswhoaredescendantsofAmericanslaves.

Highereducationhasbeenabletoduckthisissueforyears,particularlythemoreselectiveschools,bysayingtheresponsibilityisontheindividualstudent,"

saysPenningtonoftheGatesFoundation."

Iftheyfail,it'

stheirfault."

Somecriticsblameaffirmativeaction–studentsadmittedwithlowertestscoresandgradesfromshakyhighschoolsoftenstruggleateliteschools.Butabiggerproblemmaybethatpoorhighschoolsoftensendtheirstudentstocollegesforwhichtheyare"

undermatched"

:

theycouldgetintomoreelite,richerschools,butinsteadgotocommunitycollegesandlow-ratedstateschoolsthatlacktheresourcestohelpthem.Someschoolsoutforprofitcynicallyincreasetuitionsandcountonstudentloansandfederalaidtofootthebill–knowingfullwellthatthestudentswon'

tmakeit."

Theschoolkeepsthemoney,butthekidleaveswithloadsofdebtandnodegreeandnoabilitytogetabetterjob.Collegesarenotholdinguptheirend,"

saysAmyWilkinsoftheEducationTrust.

Acollegeeducationisgettingevermoreexpensive.Since1982tuitionshavebeenrisingatroughlytwicetherateofinflation.In2008thenetcostofattendingafour-yearpublicuniversity–afterfinancialaid–equaled28%of 

median 

（中间的）familyincome,whileafour-yearprivateuniversitycost76%ofmedianfamilyincome.Moreandmorescholarshipsarebasedonmerit,notneed.Poorerstudentsarenotalwaysthebest-informedconsumers.Oftentheywindupdeeplyindebtorsimplyunabletopayafterayearortwoandmustdropout.

Thereoncewasatimewhenuniversitiestookprideintheirdropoutrates.Professorswouldbegintheyearbysaying,"

Looktotherightandlooktotheleft.Oneofyouisnotgoingtobeherebytheendoftheyear."

ButsuchaDarwinianspiritisbeginningtogivewayasatleastafewcollegesfaceuptothegraduationgap.AttheUniversityofWisconsin-Madison,thegaphasbeenroughlyhalvedoverthelastthreeyears.Theuniversityhaspouredresourcesintopeercounselingtohelpstudentsfrominner-cityschoolsadjusttothe 

rigor 

（严格要求）andfasterpaceofauniversityclassroom–andalsotohelpminoritystudentsovercomethestereotypethattheyarelessqualified.Wisconsinhasa"

laserlikefocus"

onbuildingupstudentskillsinthefirstthreemonths,accordingtoviceprovost 

（教务长）DamonWilliams.

Stateandfederalgovernmentscouldsharpenthatfocuseverywherebybroadlypublishingminoritygraduationrates.ForyearsprivatecollegessuchasPrincetonandMIThavehadsuccessbringingminoritiesontocampusinthesummerbeforefreshmanyeartogivethemsomeprepareTorycourses.Thenewertrendistostartrecruitingpoorandnon-whitestudentsasearlyastheseventhgrade,usinginnovativetoolstoidentifykidswithsophisticatedverbalskills.Suchprogramscanbeexpensive,ofcourse,butcheapcomparedwiththemillionsalreadyinvestedinscholarshipsandgrantsforkidswhohavelittlechancetograduatewithoutspecialsupport.

Witheffortandmoney,thegraduationgapcanbeclosed.WashingtonandLeeisasmall,selectiveschoolinLexington,Va.Itsstudentbodyislessthan5%blackandlessthan2%Latino.Whiletheschoolusuallygraduatedabout90%ofitswhites,thegraduationrateofitsblacksandLatinoshaddippedto63%by2007."

Wewentthroughadramaticshift,"

saysDawnWatkins,thevicepresidentforstudentaffairs.Theschoolaggressivelypushed 

mentoring 

（辅导）ofminoritiesbyotherstudentsand"

partnering"

withparentsataspecialpre-enrollmentsession.Theschoolhaditsfirst-everblackhomecoming.Lastspringtheschoolgraduatedthesameproportionofminoritiesasitdidwhites.IftheUnitedStateswantstokeepupintheglobaleconomicrace,itwillhavetopaysystematicattentiontograduatingminorities,notjustenrollingthem.

此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

1. 

Whatistheauthor'

smainconcernaboutAmericanhighereducation?

A） 

Thesmallproportionofminoritystudents.B） 

Thelowgraduationratesofminoritystudents.

C） 

Thegrowingconflictsamongethnicgroups.D） 

Thepooracademicperformanceofstudents.

2. 

WhatwastheprideofPresidentBarryMillsofBowdoinCollege?

A）Theprestigeofitsliberalartsprograms.B） 

ItsrankingamonguniversitiesinMaine.

Thehighgraduationratesofitsstudents.

D）Itsincreasedenrollmentofminoritystudents.

3. 

WhatistheriskfacingAmerica?

A）Itsschoolswillbeoverwhelmedbythegrowingnumberofillegalimmigrants.

B） 

Therisinggenerationwillbelesswelleducatedthanthepreviousone.

Morepoorandnon-whitestudentswillbedeniedaccesstocollege.

D）Itisgoingtoloseitscompetitiveedgeinhighereducation.

4. 

HowmanyAfrican-AmericanstudentsearnedtheirdegreesinCaliforniacommunitycollegesaccordingtoarecentreview?

Fifty-sixpercent. 

Thirty-ninepercent. 

C）FifteenpercentD）Sixty-sevenpercent.

5. 

Harvard,Yale,andPrincetonshowalmostnogapbetweenblackandwhitegraduationratesmainlybecause 

.

A）Theirstudentsworkharder 

B） 

Theyrecruitthebeststudents 

C）TheirclassesaregenerallysmallerD）Theygivestudentsmoreattention

6. 

HowdoesAmyWilkinsoftheEducationTrustviewminoritystudents'

failuretogetadegree?

A）Universitiesaretoblame.B） 

Studentsdon'

tworkhard.

Thegovernmentfailstoprovidethenecessarysupport.

D）Affirmativeactionshouldbeheldresponsible.

7. 

Whydosomestudentsdropoutafterayearortwoaccordingtotheauthor?

A）Theyhavelostconfidenceinthemselves.B） 

Theycannotaffordthehightuition.

Theycannotadapttotherigorofthescho