从语言学角度试析商务口译中的语用失误Word格式.docx

从语言学角度试析商务口译中的语用失误Word格式.docx

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Acknowledgements

Iwouldliketoexpressmyheartfeltthankstoallthosewhohavecontributedtothe

completionofthispaperinonewayoranother.

First,Iwouldliketotakethisopportunitytoexpressmysinceregratitudeandgreatestappreciationtomysupervisor,ProfessorZhaoMeijuan,withoutwhomthecompletionofthispapercouldnotbepossible.Shehasalwaysbeensupportiveandhasofferedmegenerousguidanceandencouragementthroughmypostgraduatestudy.Ireallyappreciateherkindness,patienceandcarefulnessinreviewingandrevisingmypaperingreatdetail.Ibenefitedalotfromherinvaluablesuggestionsandresearchapproaches.

Iamalsodeeplygratefultothoserespectedprofessors,includingProfessorMeiDeming,ProfessorSunXinwei,ProfessorGongLongsheng,ProfessorZhangAiling,ProfessorQiWeijun,ProfessorZhangYan,etc.,whohaveimpartedtheirknowledgeandconscientiousresearchattitudetome.Thesehavegreatlybenefitedmeandwillcontinuetobenefitmyfuturestudiesandresearches.

Myspecialthanksalsogotomyparentsandmyfriendswhohavegivenconstantunderstanding,support,suggestionsandencouragementinmystudiesandlife.

Lastbutnotleast,Iowealottomanyauthorsandscholarswhosenamesarelistedinthebibliography.Withouttheirremarkableinsightsandassistance,thispapercouldnotcomeintobeing.

摘要

口译作为一门新兴的跨文化学科，近年来已经吸引越来越多的学者和研究者的注

意力。

伴随着商业领域的迅速发展，商务口译也从不同学科角度获得越来越多的深入

研究，比如心理语言学、语用学、认知科学等。

基十其它相关学科的研究方法，商务

口译为语言学家和学者们展示了新的研究前景。

长期以来，口译研究一直局限十语言能力及口译技巧层面，或者我们可以说，很

多研究仅仅从单一视角审视口译。

在口译研究和实践中，文化及语用因素经常被忽视，

这样容易导致源语信息的错误解码和理解，甚至产生交际失败的严重后果。

因此，借

用其它学科方法来进行口译研究值得引起我们的高度注意。

本文探讨商务口译中出现的语用失误问题，文章的创新点在十作者将语用学的研

究方法运用到语用失误原因的分析中，旨在避免商务口译中的语用失误，并最大程度

地实现成功的交际。

归纳法和演绎法将用十不同章节的分析中，前者主要体现在作者

对商务英语主要特征及语用失误原因的分析中，而后者主要体现在作者运用语用学基

本原则解释具体的商务口译实例中。

语用学中的两个主要原则-一格莱斯的合作原则

及利兹的礼貌原则将贯穿整个分析过程。

合作原则中的四大准则可以指导口译实践，

因为其有助十在说话者和听者之间建立起特定的合作关系，四大准则同时也是衡量商

务口译质量的一个有效标准。

然而，人们有时故意违反四大准则，礼貌原则此时即可

用来“拯救”合作原则。

译者应牢记这两大原则，依照惯用法和习俗进行相应的口译。

商务口译员需要在传译过程中细心选择恰当的口译策略，以避免语用失误的发生。

作者通过分析语用失误现象，提出几个可行的商务口译策略，如:

语用对等口译、

模糊信息处理、替代法与增补法、句子结构调整法，并得出文章结论:

商务口译员除

了具备语言能力外，还应具备语用能力和跨文化意识;

译员应试图深入分析产生语用

失误的原因，努力做到在具体的商务口译中避免语用失误，从}fu确保商务活动各方之

间的顺利有效沟通。

商务口译需要其他相关学科的输入和融合，以这些学科为指导性

理论来大大提高商务口译的整体水平。

关键词:

商务口译，语用失误，语用能力，交际

Abstract

Asanewly-emergingandcross-culturaldiscipline,interpretationhasattractedincreasedattentionfromscholarsandresearchersinrecentyears.Withtherapid

developmentsinbusinessareas,businessinterpretationhasalsowitnessedmorein-depthstudiesfrommanydifferentperspectives,suchaspsycholinguistics,pragmaticsandcognitivescience.Basedonotherrelevantresearchapproaches,businessinterpretationoffersnewvistasofresearchforlinguistsandscholars.

Foralongtime,thestudyofinterpretationhasbeenconfinedtolinguisticcompetenceandinterpretationskills,orwemaysaythatitisstudiedonlyforthesakeofinterpretationfromasingledimension.Quiteoftentheculturalandpragmaticfactorsareignoredininterpretationanalysisandpractice,whichtendstobringaboutwrongdecipheringandcomprehensionofsourcemessages,oreventheseriousconsequenceofcommunicationbreakdown.Therefore,interpretationstudiesfromotherapproachesdeserveourfullattentionThisthesisdealswiththeproblemofpragmaticfailuresoccurringinbusinessheofinterpretation,andwhatisspecialaboutthethesisisthattheauthortriestoapplyresearchavoidingmethodologypragmaticofpragmaticstotheanalysisoftheircauses,withtheaimfailuresinbusinessinterpretingandattainingsuccessfulcommunicationtothelargestextent.Themethodologiesofinductionanddeductionwillbeusedindifferentchapters.InductionisusedwhentheauthorsummarizesthemaincharacteristicsofbusinessEnglishandthecausesofpragmaticfailures,whiledeductionisusedwhentheauthorappliesgeneralpragmaticprinciplestotheparticularcaseofbusinessinterpretation.TwoofthemajorprinciplesandtheoriesinPragmatics一PaulGrice'

sCooperativePrinciplesandGeoffreyLeech'

sPolitenessPrincipleswillbeemphasizedthroughouttheanalyses.ThefourmaximsinCooperativePrinciplescanguidetheinterpretingpracticeinthattheyhelpbuildacertaincooperativerelationshipbetweenthespeakerandthelistener,andtheyalsoserveasaneffectivecriterionforjudgingthequalityofbusinessinterpretation.Therearetimeswhenpeopledeliberatelyviolatethesemaxims,thenPolitenessPrinciplescanbeappliedto"

rescue"

CooperativePrinciples.Interpretersshouldbearthetwoprinciplesinmindandgivecorrespondingrenditionsinlinewithcustomaryusageandpractice.Businessinterpretersneedtoactinaconscientiousmannersoastochooseanappropriateinterpretingstrategyandavoidpragmaticfailures.

Byanalyzingthephenomenonofpragmaticfailures,theauthorputsforwardSomefeasiblebusinessinterpretationstrategies,suchaspragmaticequivalentinterpretation,handlingfuzzyinformation,substitutionandaddition,aswellassentencestructureadjustment.Thentheauthorreachestheconclusionthatbusinessinterpretersaretopossesspragmaticcompetenceandcross-culturalawarenessbesidesrequiredlinguisticcompetence.Interpretersshouldconductconstantandin-depthanalysesofthecausesofpragmaticfailuresandtrytoavoidtheminspecificbusinessinterpretations,thusensuringsmoothandeffectivecommunicationsamongallbusinessparties.Businessinterpretationneedstheinputandintegrationofotherrelevantdisciplines,whichserveasguidingtheoriesandgreatlyenhancetheoverallbusinessinterpretationperformance.

KeyWords:

businessinterpretation,pragmaticfailure,pragmaticcompetence,communication

Contents

Acknowledgemants,

摘要.....................................................................................................................................i

Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……………ii

ChapterOneIntrodution......................................................................................................1

1.1ResearchBackground…………………………………………………………………………………………1

1.2TheoreticalFoundations..........................................................................................2

1.3ResearchObjectiveandSignificane........................................................................4

1.4ResearchMethodology...........................................................................................5

1.5OrganizationoftheThesis.......................................................................................5

ChapterTwoAReviewofBusinessEnglish...........................................................................7

2.1DefinitionofBusinessEnglish,........................................................................................7

2.2CharacteristicsofBusinessEnglish..................................................................................8

2.2.1LexicalLevel..................................................................................................…….8

2.2.2SyntacticLevel.............................................................................................9

2.2.3StylisticLevel...............................................................................................11

2.3CharacteristicsandRequirementsofBusinessInterpretation,..............................12

ChapterThreePragmaticFailuresinBusinessInterpretation...............................................15

3.1DefinitionofPragmaticsandPragmaticFadures...........,........................,................15

3.1.1DefinitionofPragmatics,.............................................................................15

3.1.2DefinitionofPragmaticFailures...................................................................15

3.2PragmaticCompetenceandPragmaticFailures.......................................................17

3.3CategoriesofPragmaticFailures.............................................................................18

3.3.1PragmaticFailuresCausedbyRedundancyoflnformation.........................18

3.3.2PragmaticFailuresCausedbyVaguenessofinterpretation

3.3.3PragmaticFailuresDerivedfromCulturally-loadedWords...........................24

3.3.4PragmaticFailuresDerivedfromFagingtoObservetheSocialand

CulturalCustoms.................................................................................................28

ChapterFourApplicationofPragmaticPrinciplestoPreventPragmaticFailures……………...32

4.1CooperativePrinciples............................................................................................32

4.1.1FourMaxims,...............................................................................................32

4.1.2HandlingConversationalImplicature,.,......................................................36

4.1.2.1Context..............................................................................................37

4.1.2.2SharedKnowledge.............................................................................