从语言学角度试析商务口译中的语用失误Word格式.docx

1、说明。论文使用授权声明 上海外国语大学有权保存学位论文的电子和纸质文档，可以借阅或上网公开本学位论文的全部或部分内容，可以向有关部门或机构送交并授权其保存、借阅或上网公布本学位论文的全部或部分内容。对于保密论文，按保密的有关规定和程序处理。 Acknowledgements I would like to express my heartfelt thanks to all those who have contributed to thecompletion of this paper in one way or another. First, I would like to take th

2、is opportunity to express my sincere gratitude and greatest appreciation to my supervisor, Professor Zhao Meijuan, without whom the completion of this paper could not be possible. She has always been supportive and has offered me generous guidance and encouragement through my postgraduate study. I r

3、eally appreciate her kindness, patience and carefulness in reviewing and revising my paper in great detail. I benefited a lot from her invaluable suggestions and research approaches. I am also deeply grateful to those respected professors, including Professor Mei Deming, Professor Sun Xinwei, Profes

4、sor Gong Longsheng, Professor Zhang Ailing, Professor Qi Weijun, Professor Zhang Yan, etc., who have imparted their knowledge and conscientious research attitude to me. These have greatly benefited me and will continue to benefit my future studies and researches. My special thanks also go to my pare

5、nts and my friends who have given constant understanding, support, suggestions and encouragement in my studies and life. Last but not least, I owe a lot to many authors and scholars whose names are listed in the bibliography. Without their remarkable insights and assistance, this paper could not com

6、e into being.摘要 口译作为一门新兴的跨文化学科，近年来已经吸引越来越多的学者和研究者的注意力。伴随着商业领域的迅速发展，商务口译也从不同学科角度获得越来越多的深入研究，比如心理语言学、语用学、认知科学等。基十其它相关学科的研究方法，商务口译为语言学家和学者们展示了新的研究前景。 长期以来，口译研究一直局限十语言能力及口译技巧层面，或者我们可以说，很多研究仅仅从单一视角审视口译。在口译研究和实践中，文化及语用因素经常被忽视，这样容易导致源语信息的错误解码和理解，甚至产生交际失败的严重后果。因此，借用其它学科方法来进行口译研究值得引起我们的高度注意。 本文探讨商务口译中出现的语用失误

7、问题，文章的创新点在十作者将语用学的研究方法运用到语用失误原因的分析中，旨在避免商务口译中的语用失误，并最大程度地实现成功的交际。归纳法和演绎法将用十不同章节的分析中，前者主要体现在作者对商务英语主要特征及语用失误原因的分析中，而后者主要体现在作者运用语用学基本原则解释具体的商务口译实例中。语用学中的两个主要原则-一格莱斯的合作原则及利兹的礼貌原则将贯穿整个分析过程。合作原则中的四大准则可以指导口译实践，因为其有助十在说话者和听者之间建立起特定的合作关系，四大准则同时也是衡量商务口译质量的一个有效标准。然而，人们有时故意违反四大准则，礼貌原则此时即可用来“拯救”合作原则。译者应牢记这两大原则，

8、依照惯用法和习俗进行相应的口译。商务口译员需要在传译过程中细心选择恰当的口译策略，以避免语用失误的发生。 作者通过分析语用失误现象，提出几个可行的商务口译策略，如:语用对等口译、模糊信息处理、替代法与增补法、句子结构调整法，并得出文章结论:商务口译员除了具备语言能力外，还应具备语用能力和跨文化意识;译员应试图深入分析产生语用失误的原因，努力做到在具体的商务口译中避免语用失误，从fu确保商务活动各方之间的顺利有效沟通。商务口译需要其他相关学科的输入和融合，以这些学科为指导性理论来大大提高商务口译的整体水平。关键词:商务口译，语用失误，语用能力，交际 AbstractAs a newly-emer

9、ging and cross-cultural discipline, interpretation has attracted increased attention from scholars and researchers in recent years. With the rapiddevelopments in business areas, business interpretation has also witnessed more in-depth studies from many different perspectives, such as psycholinguisti

10、cs, pragmatics and cognitive science. Based on other relevant research approaches, business interpretation offers new vistas of research for linguists and scholars.For a long time, the study of interpretation has been confined to linguistic competence and interpretation skills, or we may say that it

11、 is studied only for the sake of interpretation from a single dimension. Quite often the cultural and pragmatic factors are ignored in interpretation analysis and practice, which tends to bring about wrong deciphering and comprehension of source messages, or even the serious consequence of communica

12、tion breakdown. Therefore, interpretation studies from other approaches deserve our full attention This thesis deals with the problem of pragmatic failures occurring in business heof interpretation, and what is special about the thesis is that the author tries to apply research avoiding methodology

13、pragmatic of pragmatics to the analysis of their causes, with the aim failures in business interpreting and attaining successful communication to the largest extent. The methodologies of induction and deduction will be used in different chapters. Induction is used when the author summarizes the main

14、 characteristics of business English and the causes of pragmatic failures, while deduction is used when the author applies general pragmatic principles to the particular case of business interpretation. Two of the major principles and theories in Pragmatics一Paul Grices Cooperative Principles and Geo

15、ffrey Leechs Politeness Principles will be emphasized throughout the analyses. The four maxims in Cooperative Principles can guide the interpreting practice in that they help build a certain cooperative relationship between the speaker and the listener, and they also serve as an effective criterion

16、for judging the quality of business interpretation. There are times when people deliberately violate these maxims, then Politeness Principles can be applied to rescue Cooperative Principles. Interpretersshould bear the two principles in mind and give corresponding renditions in line with customary u

17、sage and practice. Business interpreters need to act in a conscientious manner so as to choose an appropriate interpreting strategy and avoid pragmatic failures.By analyzing the phenomenon of pragmatic failures, the author puts forward Some feasible business interpretation strategies, such as pragma

18、tic equivalent interpretation, handling fuzzy information, substitution and addition, as well as sentence structure adjustment. Then the author reaches the conclusion that business interpreters are to possess pragmatic competence and cross-cultural awareness besides required linguistic competence. I

19、nterpreters should conduct constant and in-depth analyses of the causes of pragmatic failures and try to avoid them in specific business interpretations, thus ensuring smooth and effective communications among all business parties. Business interpretation needs the input and integration of other rel

20、evant disciplines, which serve as guiding theories and greatly enhance the overall business interpretation performance. Key Words:business interpretation, pragmatic failure, pragmatic competence, communicationContentsAckn owled gem ants,摘要. iAbstract. iiChapter One Introdution.1 1.1 Research Backgro

21、und1 1.2 TheoreticalFoundations.2 1.3 Research Objective and Significane.4 1.4 Research Methodology.5 1.5 Organization of theThesis.5Chapter Two A Review of Business English.72.1 Definition of Business English,.72.2 Characteristics of Business English.8 2.2.1 Lexical Level. .8 2.2.2 Syntactic Level.

22、9 2.2.3 Stylistic Level.11 2.3 Characteristics and Requirements of Business Interpretation,.12Chapter Three PragmaticFailures in Business Interpretation.15 3.1 Definition of Pragmaticsand PragmaticFadures.,.,.15 3.1.1 Definition of Pragmatics,.15 3.1.2 Definition of PragmaticFailures.15 3.2 Pragmati

23、cCompetence and PragmaticFailures.17 3.3 Categories of PragmaticFailures.18 3.3.1 Pragmatic Failures Caused by Redundancy of lnformation.18 3.3.2 Pragmatic Failures Caused by Vagueness of interpretation 3.3.3 Pragmatic FailuresDerived from Culturally-loaded Words.24 3.3.4 Pragmatic Failures Derived from Faging to Observe the Social and Cultural Customs. .28Chapter Four Applicationof Pragmatic Principles to Prevent Pragmatic Failures.32 4.1 Cooperative Principles.32 4.1.1 Four Maxims,.32 4.1.2 HandlingConversational Implicature,.,. .36 4.1.2.1 Context.37 4.1.2.2 Shared Knowledge.