岩土工程中英文词汇对照Word格式.docx
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24.fill
(soil)填土
25.overconsolidated
soil超固结土
26.normally
consolidated
soil正常固结土
27.underconsolidated
soil欠固结土
28.zonal
soil区域性土
29.soft
clay软粘土
30.expansive
(swelling)
soil膨胀土
31.peat泥炭
32.loess黄土
33.frozen
soil冻土
三.
土的基本物理力学性质
1.cc
compression
index
2.cu
undrained
strength
3.cu/p0
ratio
of
cu
to
effective
overburden
stress
p0
(cu/p0)NC
(cu/p0)oc
subscripts
NC
and
OC
designated
normally
overconsolidated,
respectively
4.cvane
cohesive
from
vane
test
5.e0
natural
void
6.Ip
plasticity
7.K0
coefficient
“at-rest
”pressure
for
total
stressesσ1
andσ2
8.K0’
domain
for
‘
andσ2’
9.K0n
K0
state
10.K0u
under
rapid
continuous
loading
simulating
instantaneous
or
an
condition
11.K0d
loading(frequency
less
than
1Hz),as
a
pseudo-
dynamic
12.kh
kv
permeability
in
horizontal
vertical
directions,
13.N
blow
count,
standard
penetration
14.OCR
over-consolidation
15.pc
preconsolidation
pressure
from
oedemeter
16.p0
17.p
s
specific
cone
resistance,
static
18.qu
unconfined
compressive
19.U,
Um
degree
consolidation
subscript
m
denotes
mean
value
specimen
20.u
ub
um
pore
(water)
pressure,
b
denote
bottom
value,
21.w0
wL
wp
water
content,
liquid
plastic
limits,
22.σ1,σ2
principal
stresses,
σ1
stresses
23.Atterberg
limits阿太堡界限
24.degree
saturation饱和度
25.dry
unit
weight干重度
26.moist
weight湿重度
27.saturated
weight饱和重度
28.effective
weight有效重度
29.density密度
pactness密实度
31.maximum
dry
density最大干密度
32.optimum
content最优含水量
33.three
phase
diagram三相图
34.tri-phase
soil三相土
35.soil
fraction粒组
36.sieve
analysis筛分
37.hydrometer
analysis比重计分析
38.uniformity
coefficient不均匀系数
39.coefficient
gradation级配系数
40.fine-grained
soil(silty
clayey)细粒土
41.coarse-
grained
soil(gravelly
sandy)粗粒土
42.Unified
soil
classification
system土的统一分类系统
43.ASCE=American
Society
Civil
Engineer美国土木工程师学会
44.AASHTO=
American
Association
State
Highway
Officials美国州公路官员协会
45.ISSMGE=International
Soil
Mechanics
Geotechnical
Engineering
国际土力学与岩土工程学会
四.
渗透性和渗流
1.Darcy’s
law
达西定律
2.piping管涌
3.flowing
soil流土
4.sand
boiling砂沸
5.flow
net流网
6.seepage渗透(流)
7.leakage渗流
8.seepage
pressure渗透压力
9.permeability渗透性
10.seepage
force渗透力
11.hydraulic
gradient水力梯度
12.coefficient
permeability渗透系数
五.
地基应力和变形
1.soft
soil软土
2.(negative)
skin
friction
driven
pile打入桩(负)摩阻力
3.effective
stress有效应力
4.total
stress总应力
5.field
strength十字板抗剪强度
6.low
activity低活性
7.sensitivity灵敏度
8.triaxial
test三轴试验
9.foundation
design基础设计
10.recompaction再压缩
11.bearing
capacity承载力
12.soil
mass土体
13.contact
(pressure)接触应力(压力)
14.concentrated
load集中荷载
15.a
semi-infinite
elastic
solid半无限弹性体
16.homogeneous均质
17.isotropic各向同性
18.strip
footing条基
19.square
spread
footing方形独立基础
20.underlying
(stratum
strata)下卧层(土)
21.dead
load
=sustained
load恒载
持续荷载
22.live
load活载
23.short
–term
transient
load短期瞬时荷载
24.long-term
load长期荷载
25.reduced
load折算荷载
26.settlement沉降
27.deformation变形
28.casing套管
29.dike=dyke堤(防)
30.clay
fraction粘粒粒组
31.physical
properties物理性质
32.subgrade路基
33.well-graded
soil级配良好土
34.poorly-graded
soil级配不良土
35.normal
stresses正应力
36.shear
stresses剪应力
37.principal
plane主平面
38.major
(intermediate,
minor)
stress最大(中、最小)主应力
39.Mohr-Coulomb
failure
condition摩尔-库仑破坏条件
40.FEM=finite
element
method有限元法
41.limit
equilibrium
method极限平衡法
42.pore
pressure孔隙水压力
43.preconsolidation
pressure先期固结压力
44.modulus
compressibility压缩模量
45.coefficent
compressibility压缩系数
pression
index压缩指数
47.swelling
index回弹指数
48.geostatic
stress自重应力
49.additional
stress附加应力
50.total
51.final
settlement最终沉降
52.slip
line滑动线
六.
基坑开挖与降水
1
excavation开挖(挖方)
2
dewatering(基坑)降水
3
foundation基坑失稳
4
bracing
foundation
pit基坑围护
5
heave=basal
heave
(基坑)底隆起
6
retaining
wall挡土墙
7
pore-pressure
distribution孔压分布
8
dewatering
method降低地下水位法
9
well
point
system井点系统(轻型)
10
deep
point深井点
11
vacuum
point真空井点
12
braced
cuts支撑围护
13
excavation支撑开挖
14
sheeting支撑挡板
七.
深基础--deep
1.pile
foundation桩基础
1)cast
–in-place灌注桩
diving
casting
cast-in-place
pile沉管灌注桩
bored
pile钻孔桩
special-shaped
pile机控异型灌注桩
piles
set
into
rock嵌岩灌注桩
rammed
bulb
pile夯扩桩
2)belled
pier
foundation钻孔墩基础
drilled-pier
foundation钻孔扩底墩
under-reamed
3)precast
concrete
pile预制混凝土桩
4)steel
pile钢桩
steel
pipe
pile钢管桩
sheet
pile钢板桩
5)prestressed
pile预应力混凝土桩
prestressed
pile预应力混凝土管桩
2.caisson
foundation沉井(箱)
3.diaphragm
wall地下连续墙 截水墙
4.friction
pile摩擦桩
5.end-bearing
pile端承桩
6.shaft竖井;
桩身
7.wave
equation
analysis波动方程分析
8.pile
caps承台(桩帽)
9.bearing
capacity
single
pile单桩承载力
10.lateral
pile
test单桩横向载荷试验
11.ultimate
lateral
resistance
pile单桩横向极限承载力
12.static
pile单桩竖向静荷载试验
13.vertical
allowable
capacity单桩竖向容许承载力
14.low
cap低桩承台
15.high-rise
cap高桩承台
16.vertical
ultimate
uplift
pile单桩抗拔极限承载力
17.silent
piling静力压桩
18.uplift
pile抗拔桩
19.anti-slide
pile抗滑桩
20.pile
groups群桩
21.efficiency
factor
groups群桩效率系数(η)
22.efficiency
groups群桩效应
23.dynamic
testing桩基动测技术
24.final
set最后贯入度
25.dynamic
pile桩动荷载试验
26.pile
integrity
test桩的完整性试验
27.pile
head=butt桩头
28.pile
tip=pile
point=pile
toe桩端(头)
29.pile
spacing桩距
30.pile
plan桩位布置图
31.arrangement
=pile
layout桩的布置
32.group
action群桩作用
33.end
bearing=tip
resistance桩端阻
34.skin(side)
friction=shaft
resistance桩侧阻
35.pile
cushion桩垫
36.pile
driving(by
vibration)
(振动)打桩
37.pile
pulling
test拔桩试验
38.pile
shoe桩靴
39.pile
noise打桩噪音
40.pile
rig打桩机
八.
地基处理--ground
treatment
1.technical
code
ground
building建筑地基处理技术规范
2.cushion垫层法
3.preloading预压法
4.dynamic
compaction强夯法
5.dynamic
compaction
replacement强夯置换法
6.vibroflotation
method振冲法
7.sand-gravel
pile砂石桩
8.gravel
pile(stone
column)碎石桩
9.cement-flyash-gravel
pile(CFG)水泥粉煤灰碎石桩
10.cement
mixing
method水泥土搅拌桩
11.cement
column水泥桩
12.lime
(lime
column)石灰桩
13.jet
grouting高压喷射注浆法
14.rammed-cement-soil
pile夯实水泥土桩法
15.lime-soil
灰土挤密桩
lime-soil
compacted
column灰土挤密桩
lime
pile灰土挤密桩
16.chemical
stabilization化学加固法
17.surface
compaction表层压实法
18.surcharge
preloading超载预压法
19.vacuum
preloading真空预压法
20.sand
wick袋装砂井
21.geofabric
geotextile土工织物
posite
foundation复合地基
23.reinforcement
method加筋法
24.dewatering
method降低地下水固结法
25.freezing
heating冷热处理法
26.expansive
treatment膨胀土地基处理
27.ground
mountain
area山区地基处理
28.collapsible
loess
treatment湿陷性黄土地基处理
29.artificial
foundation人工地基
30.natural
foundation天然地基
31.pillow褥垫
32.soft
clay
ground软土地基
33.sand
drain砂井
34.root
pile树根桩
35.plastic
drain塑料排水带
36.replacement
ratio(复合地基)置换率
九.
固结consolidation
1.Terzzaghi’s
theory太沙基固结理论
2.Barraon’s
theory巴隆固结理论
3.Biot’s
theory比奥固结理论
4.over
ration
(OCR)超固结比
5.overconsolidation
6.excess
pressure超孔压力
7.multi-dimensional
consolidation多维固结
8.one-dimensional
consolidation一维固结
9.primary
consolidation主固结
10.secondary
consolidation次固结
11.degree
consolidation固结度
12.consolidation
test固结试验
13.consolidation
curve固结曲线
14.time
Tv时间因子
15.coefficient
consolidation固结系数
16.preconsolidation
pressure前期固结压力
17.principle
stress有效应力原理
18.consolidation
K0固结
十.
抗剪强度shear
1.undrained
strength不排水抗剪强度
2.residual
strength残余强度
3.long-term
strength长期强度
4.peak
strength峰值强度
5.shear
strain
rate剪切应变速率
6.dilatation剪胀
7.effective
approach
剪胀抗剪强度有效应力法
8.total
strength抗剪强度总应力法
9.Mohr-Coulomb
theory莫尔-库仑理论
10.angle
internal
friction内摩擦角
11.cohesion粘聚力
12.failure
criterion破坏准则
13.vane
14.unconfined
compression无侧限抗压强度
15.effective
envelop有效应力破坏包线
16.effective
parameter有效应力强度参数
十一.
本构模型--constitutive
model
1.elastic
model弹性模型
2.nonlinear
model非线性弹性模型
3.elastoplastic
model弹塑性模型
4.viscoelastic
model粘弹性模型
5.boundary
surface
model边界面模型
6.Duncan-Chang
model邓肯-张模型
7.rigid
model刚塑性模型
8.cap
model盖帽模型
9.work
softening加工软化
10.work
hardening加工硬化
11.Cambridge
model剑桥模型
12.ideal
elastoplastic
model理想弹塑性模型
13.Mohr-Coulomb
yield
criterion莫尔-库仑屈服准则