301993北京地区成人学位英语考试试题1Word下载.docx
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Whydon’tbirdsgetlostontheirlongflightsformoneplacetoanother?
Scientistshavepuzzleoverthisquestionformanyyears.Nowthey’rebeginningtofillintheblanks.
Notlongago,experimentsshowedthatbirdsrelyonthesuntoguideduringdaylighthours.Butwhataboutbirdsthatflybynight?
Testswithartificialstarshaveprovedthatcertainnight-flyingbirdsareabletofollowthestarsintheirlong-distanceflights.
Adove(鸽子)hadspentitslifetimeinacageandneverflownunderanaturalsky.Yetitshowedaninbornabilitytoflyinthesamedirectionasthattakenbyhisoutdoorcousins.Anychangeinthepositionoftheartificialstarscausedachangeinthedirectionofhisflight.
Butthestarsareapparentlytheirprincipalmeansofnavigation(远航)only.Whenthestarsarehiddenbyclouds,theyseeminglyfindtheirwaybysuchlandmarksasmountainranges,coastlines,andrivercourses.Butwhenit’stoodarktoseethese,thedovescirclehelplessly,unabletofindtheirway.
1.Thereasonwhybirdsdon’tgetlostonlongflights(haveonlyrecentlybeendiscovered).
2.Duringdaylighthour,birds(usesunforguidance).
3.By“hisoutdoorcousins”theauthormeans(dovesunderthenaturalsky).
4.Theexperimentwiththedoveindicatedthat(somebirdsseemtofollowthestarswhentheyflyatnight).
5.Intotaldarkness,doves(don’tknownwhichwaytofly).
Passage2
Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
CalvinCooling(1872-1933)wasthethirtiethpresidentoftheUnitedStates.Helookeddownonapersonasbeingunworthyofrespectwhowastoofondoftalkingaboutthedetailsofotherpeople’sactionandprivatelives;
hehadtotimeforsmalltalk.ThefollowingtwoincidentsclearlyshowhowCoolidgetreasuredsilence.
Whenhewasvice-president,CoolidgehadplentyofopportunitytoparticipateinWashington’ssociallife,especiallythemanydinnerparties.Becauseofhiscompletedisregardfortheartofconversation,hecouldn’texactlymakehimselfdeartohishostesses.Oneladyfeltshecouldsolvetheproblem.SheplacedhimnexttoAliceRooseveltLongworth,daughterofformerPresidentTheodoreRoosevelt.Mrs.Longworth,brilliantconversationalist,begantotalkinherusualcharmingmanner,butallattemptstoawakeinterestonthepartofvice-presidentwereunproductive.Finallybeingshamedintoannoyance,shesaid,“I’msurethatgoingtoasmanydinnersasyoudo,youmustgetterriblybored.”
Withoutliftinghiseyefromhisplate,Coolidgesaidnotveryclearly,“Well,amanhastoeatsomewhere.”
Later,whenhewaspresidentandonceagainatadinnerparty,Coolidgewasseatednexttoanoutstandingsocietywoman,oneofthosepeoplewhoseemtotakedelightintryingtochangethelivesofeveryonetheymeet,“Oh,Mrs.President,”shespokewithtoomuchenthusiasm,“youarealwayssoquite.Imadeabet(打赌)todaythatIcouldgetmorethantwowordsoutofyou.”
Inanger,thepresidentmadealow,roughsoundandthensaid,“Youlose.”
6.PresidentCoolidgeconsideredthosepeopleasbeingunworthyofrespect(wholikedtotalkabouttheaffairsofothers).
7.Whydidn’tthehostesseslikeCalvinCoolidge?
(Hepaidnoattentiontotheskillsofconversation)
8.Mrs.Longworthwasannoyedbecause(alleffortsshemadetoawakethevice-president’sinteresthadfailed).
9.Whatismeantby“takedelightin”?
(Toreceivegreatpleasurefrom)
10.ThestoryshowsthatPresidentCoolidge(wasamanoffewword,butwithhumor).
Passage3
Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Parentshavetodomuchlessfortheirchildrentodaythantheyusedtodo,andhomehasbecomemuchlessofaworkshop.Clothescanbeboughtreadymade,washingcangotothelaundry,foodcanbeboughtcooked,mealscanbehadattherestaurant,theworks’canteen,andtheschooldining-room.
Itisunusualnowforfathertopursuehistradeorotheremploymentathome,andhischildrenrarely,ifever,seehimathisplaceofwork.Boysarethereforeseldomtrainedtofollowtheirfather’soccupation,andinmanytownstheyhaveafairlywidechoiceofemploymentandsodogirls.Theyoungwage-earneroftenearnsgoodmoney,andsoonacquiresafeelingofeconomicindependence.Intextileareasithaslongbeencustomaryformotherstogoouttowork,butthispracticehasbecomesowidespreadthattheworkingmotherisnowanotunusualfactorinachild’shomelife,thenumberofmarriedwomeninemploymenthavingmorethandoubledinthelasttwenty-fiveyears.Withmotherearningandhieolderchildrendrawingsubstantialwages,fatherisseldomthedominantfigurethathestillwasatthebeginningofthecentury.Whenmotherworkseconomicadvantagesaccrue,butchildrenlosesomethingofgreatvalueifmother’semploymentpreventsherformbeinghometogreetthemwhentheyreturnfromschool.
11.Thewritercompareshometoaworkshopbecause(parentshavetomakefoodandnecessitythemselvesfortheirdaily-life).
12.Thewritersaysthathomehasbecomemuchlessofaworkshop.Hemeans(inthepast,homewasmorelikeaworkshop).
13.Thechiefreasonthatboysareseldomtrainedtofollowtheirfather’soccupationis(thatthereisawidechoiceofemploymentforchildren).
14.Whatmakesfathernolongerbetheonlydominantpersoninafamily?
(Withtheirearning,motherandchildrendonotneedtodependonfatherfortheirlife.)
15.Itisimpliedinhispassagethat(mother’spositioninafamilyhasbeenraised).
Passage4
Questions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Thefoodweeatseemstohaveprofoundeffectsonourhealth.Althoughsciencehasmadeenormousstepsinmakingfoodmorefittoeat,ithas,atthesametime,mademanyfoodsunfittoeat.Someresearchhasshownthatperhapseightypercentofallhumanillnessesarerelatedtodiet(饮食)andfortypercentofcancerisrelatedtothedietaswell.Differentculturesaremoreliabletocontractcertainillnessesbecauseofthefoodthatischaracteristicinthesecultures.Thatfoodisrelatedtoillnessisnotanewdiscovery.In1945,governmentresearchersrealizedthatnitrates,commonlyusedtopreservecolorinmeats,andotherfoodadditives(添加剂),causedcancer.Yet,thesecarcinogenicadditivesremaininourfood,anditbecomesmoredifficultallthetimetoknowwhichthingsonthepackaginglabelsofprocessedfoodarehelpfulorharmful.Theadditiveswhichweeatarenotallsodirect.Farmersoftengivepenicillin(青霉素)todomesticanimals,andbecauseofthis,penicillinhasbeenfoundinthemilkoftreatedcows.Sometimessimilardrugsaregiventoanimalsinordertoobtainahigherpriceonthemarket.AlthoughtheFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)hastriedrepeatedlytocontroltheseprocedures,thepracticescontinue.
16.Howhassciencedonesomethingharmfultomankind?
(Asaresultofscientifictreatment,somepotentiallyharmfulsubstanceshavebeenaddedtoourfood.)
17.Whatarenitratesusedfor?
(Theykeepthecolorofmeats.)
18.Theword“carcinogenic”meatsmostnearlythesameas(cancer-causing).
19.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrue?
(Drugsarealwaysgiventoanimalsformedicalreasons)
20.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthispassage?
(AdditivesandFood)
Part
VocabularyandStructure(40%)
Directions:
Inthispart,thereare40incompletesentences.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.
21.Hewasverybusyyesterday;
otherwisehe(wouldhavecome)tothemeeting.
22.Youcan’thearwhatI’msaying(unless)youstoptalking.
23.SorryIcan’tansweryourquestion.Iknow(little)aboutthesubject.
24.I(must)getthisdoneimmediatelyoritwillbetoolate.
25.He(kepton)workingtillhewasseventyyearsold.
26.Yououghttotakeevery(chance)ofimprovingyourEnglish.
27.(Seen)fromspace,ourearth,withwatercovering70%ofitssurface,appearsa”blueplanet”.
28.Thenovelendedhappily,andtheyoungcouplewasmarried(intheend).
29.Thebuilding(remained)mostlyundamagedaftertheearthquake,andonlyminorrepairswerenecessary.
30.Heisanhonestofficialandnever(accepted)anygiftsfrompeoplewhosoughthishelp.
31.Hestoodwavinguntilthetrainwasoutof(sight).
32.Itisimportantto(treat)peoplewithrespectandunderstanding.
33.Thepreparationsforthetripwillbe(putoff)tillnextweek.
34.Parkingisabigproblem(soisthetraffic).
35.Nobodycanbesetinmotionwithoutaforce(acting)onit.
36.Iknowanumberofoccasions(when)peoplediedfromwaterpollution.
37.Dirtywatermustnotbe(mixed)withdrinkingwater.
38.Themainroadthroughthecitywasblockedforthreehourstodayafteranaccident(involving)twobuses.
39.Willyougotothemeeting(insteadof)visitingthemuseumplease?
40.Smithistostudymedicineassoonashe(hasfinished)militaryservice.
41.Ifametalbarisheated,thegreatertheheat(applied),thelargertheexpansion.
42.Theydidnotdiscoveruntillater(that)thecarhadbeendestroyed.
43.Hehasalreadymadeuphismind.It’snouse(tryingtopersuade)him.
44.Itismuch