学年江苏省海门第一中学高二上学期期末测试英语试题 解析版文档格式.docx

学年江苏省海门第一中学高二上学期期末测试英语试题 解析版文档格式.docx

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MerrimackValleyMagazine-09/22/2019

AnnaDucreatedtheDeepPlasticsInitiativecampaign（DPI）toeducateothersaboutpreventingandcleaningupoceanplasticspollution.ThroughherDPIpresentationsaroundtheworld,Annaisencouragingscientiststoworktogetherinanopen-sourcemannertodevelopcreativetechnologies.Shehaswrittenachildren’sbook,MicroplasticsandMe.

JamieMargolin

TheNewYorkTimes-09/20/2019

JamieMargolinfoundedZeroHour,aninternationalyouthclimatejusticemovement.Hernon-profitprovidestraining,resources,andentrypointsforyoungpeoplewhowanttotakeconcreteactionagainstclimatechangeandenvironmentalinjustice.

GraceCallwood

CecilDaily-09/27/2019

GraceCallwoodfoundedTheWeCancerveMovement,anon-profitthatcreateswaysforyouthtohelpotherchildrenwhoarehomelessandsick.Hergrouphasdonatedmorethan$15,000incashandanother$50,000inproductstoyouth-servingorganizationsacrossMaryland,Delaware,andOhio.

1．What’sthepurposeofBall4Good’ssignatureannualevent?

A．Toraisemoneyforthoseinneed.B．ToattractassistantsforBall4Good.

C．Toinspirechildren’sinterestinsports.D．ToselectplayersforAdom’sbasketballteam.

2．WhatdoAnnaDuandJamieMargolinhaveincommon?

A．Bothwroteachildren’sbook.

B．Bothcareaboutthefutureofourplanet.

C．Bothhaveworkedforthegoodofthehomeless.

D．Bothhaveencouragedscientiststoworktogether.

3．WhowonrecognitionfromanarticlebyCecilDaily?

A．AnnaDu.B．AdomAppiah.C．GraceCallwood.D．JamieMargolin.

【答案】

1．A

2．B

3．C

【分析】

这是一篇说明文。

文章主要介绍了四个获得格洛里亚·

巴伦青年英雄奖的人。

1．

细节理解题。

根据AdornAppiah部分中“Ball4WGood’ssignatureannualevent,theCelebrityBasketballGames,drawssold-outcrowdstowatchcommunityleaderstakeonAdornandhispeers.The2019gamesraisedmorethan$30,000forchildren.（Ball4WGood的标志性年度活动“名人篮球比赛”吸引了满座的观众来观看社区领袖与阿登和他的同龄人比赛。

2019年为儿童筹集了3万多美元）”可知，Ball4Good年度标志性活动的目的是为那些需要帮助的人筹集资金。

故选A。

2．

根据AnnaDu部分中“AnnaDucreatedtheDeepPlasticsInitiativecampaign（DPI）toeducateothersaboutpreventingandcleaningupoceanplasticspollution.（AnnaDu发起了“深海塑料倡议运动”（DeepPlasticsInitiativecampaign，简称DPI），旨在教育其他人预防和清理海洋塑料污染）”以及JamieMargolin部分中“Hernon-profitprovidestraining,resources,andentrypointsforyoungpeoplewhowanttotakeconcreteactionagainstclimatechangeandenvironmentalinjustice.（她的非营利组织为那些想要采取具体行动应对气候变化和环境不公正的年轻人提供培训、资源和切入点）”可知，AnnaDu和JamieMargolin的共同点是他们都关心我们星球的未来。

故选B。

3．

根据GraceCallwood部分中“MediaCoverage:

CecilDaily-09/27/2019（媒体报道：

CecilDaily—09/27/2019）”可知，GraceCallwood因为CecilDaily的一篇文章获得了认可。

故选C。

It’sfall,andthatmeanssometreesarelosingtheirleaves.Manypeoplemightseecleaningupallthatyardwasteastiring.ButBryantLiu,13,lookedathisleaf-blanketedlawnandsawapotentialsourceofenergy.

Rightnow,mostpeoplefueltheircarswithpetrolmadefromfossilfuels（化石燃料）,whicharenotrenewable.Soscientistsaremakingbiofuels.Forexample,engineerscanproducebioethanol-atypeofalcoholfuel-fromsugarsinplants.Turningtodeadleaves,however,presentsachallengeforbiofueldevelopers.Deadleaveshavesugar,buttheyalsohavelotsoflignin-atoughsubstance（物质）thatstrengthensthewallsofplantcells.Togettothesugarsinside,scientistsfirsthavetobreakdowntheligninwithchemicals.

Bryantwantedtoseeifhecouldgetsugarforbiofuelsoutofdeadleavesbypretreatingthoseleaveswithacidsorbases（碱）.Theyoungresearchergatheredupthreegarbagebagsfullofleavesfromhisyard.Thenhewenttohisfather’slaboratory.Hebrokethedeadleavesintopieces,andthencarefullyloadedequalnumbersofthemintotesttubes.Afterwards,headdedeitheranacidsolutionorabasesolutionatdifferentconcentrationstothetesttubes.“Thatwasreallyfun,”Bryantsays.“Itmademefeellikearealscientist.”Finally,theteenfoundthatpretreatingleaveswitheitheranacidorbaseencouragedsugartogetoutfromhisyard’sleaves.However,heexplains,theprocessisstilltooexpensive.

Bryantnowwantstotakethesugarsfromhisfindingtothenextstep-makingethanol.Ifhecouldcreateabettermethodforproducingbiofuels,heexplains,peoplewouldneedfewerfossilfuelsand“havearenewableenergysourceforthefuture.”And,Bryantadds,ifpeopleuseallthosedeadleavesforbiofuels,heandotherkidsmayhavetodolesscleaningeachfall.

4．WhatdoestheauthorintendtodoinParagraph2?

A．ReflectonBryant’sexperiences.

B．Useexamplestosupportthetopic.

C．Addsomebackgroundinformation.

D．Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.

5．WhatisthepurposeofBryant’sexperiment?

A．Totestthetoughnessofthelignin.

B．Tofindthedifferencesbetweenacidsandbases.

C．Toidentifythefunctionsoftheelementsofleaves.

D．Togetsugarfromdeadleavesusingacidsandbases.

6．WhatisBryant’snextstep?

A．Toproducebiofuelsfromdeadleaves.

B．Topromotetheuseofbiofuelsworldwide.

C．Tomakehispretreatingprocesslesscostly.

D．Toencourageotherkidstocollectdeadleaves.

7．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesBryant?

A．Heiscaring.

B．Heisdemanding.

C．Hehasagoodsenseofhumor.

D．Hehasaspiritofexploration.

4．C

5．D

6．A

7．D

这是一篇记叙文。

本文主要讲述的是Bryant通过实验，将枯叶用酸和碱处理提取糖，并计划下一步将它们制成生物燃料。

4．

推理判断题。

根据第一段“It’sfall,andthatmeanssometreesarelosingtheirleaves.Manypeoplemightseecleaningupallthatyardwasteastiring.ButBryantLiu,13,lookedathisleaf-blanketedlawnandsawapotentialsourceofenergy.”（秋天来了，这就意味着一些树开始掉叶子。

很多人认为打扫院子里的落叶很烦人。

但13岁的BryantLiu看着铺满树叶的草坪，看见了一个潜在的能量来源。

）和第二段的“Rightnow,mostpeoplefueltheircarswithpetrolmadefromfossilfuels（化石燃料）,whicharenotrenewable.”（现在大多数人用不可再生的化石燃料制成的汽油为汽车提供燃料，所以科学家们正在制造生物燃料。

）可推知，作者写第一自然段是为了增加一些背景信息，表明在这样的背景情况下，Bryant想要研发生物燃料。

5．

根据第三段的“Bryantwantedtoseeifhecouldgetsugarforbiofuelsoutofdeadleavesbypretreatingthoseleaveswithacidsorbases（碱）.”（Bryant想看看那些枯叶用酸和碱处理后能不能提取糖制成生物燃料）可知，Bryant实验的目的是用酸和碱从枯叶中提取糖。

故选D。

6．

根据第四段的“Bryantnowwantstotakethesugarsfromhisfindingtothenextstep-makingethanol.”（Bryant现在想把他研究成果的糖带到下一步——制造乙醇）可知，Bryant的下一步是用枯叶生产生物燃料。

7．

结合文章的主要内容，尤其第三段的“Bryantwantedtoseeifhecouldgetsugarforbiofuelsoutofdeadleavesbypretreatingthoseleaveswithacidsorbases（碱）.”（Bryant想看看能否通过用酸或碱预处理枯叶，从这些枯叶中提取出用于生物燃料的糖）和第四段的“Bryantnowwantstotakethesugarsfromhisfindingtothenextstep-makingethanol.”（Bryant现在想把他研究成果的糖带到下一步——制造乙醇）可知，本文主要讲述的是Bryant通过实验，将枯叶用酸和碱处理提取糖，并计划下一步将它们制成生物燃料。

由此可推知Bryant具有探索精神。

Acustomerstandsontheothersideofthecounteratmywork,eyeingthemenu.“Thefoodhereissocaloric,”shecomplains,andthenlooksatme.“Youdon’teathere,doyou?

Itcertainlydoesn’tlooklikeit.”Myfaceturnedred.

I’mnotquiteusedtohowothersseeme.SinceJune2018,I’velostalmost50pounds.WhenImadethechoicetochangemybodyphysically,everyonearoundmetoldmethatIwouldbehappier:

Skinnymeantpretty,andprettymeanthappyandsatisfied.Afterlookingthroughdozensofbefore-and-afterchangesonInstagramandothersocialmedia,Iwasmoreeagertomakemyselfsmaller,tobetterfitintotheworld.Butnoneofthathappened.Ididn’tfeelmorewhole,ormorepeaceful.Morethananything,Ifeltliedto.

Humanhealthisunbelievablycomplex,andthere’ssomuchmoretoourwell-beingthancaloricbalance.Forseveralmonths,Ioftenfeltverytiredandgotangryeasily,convincedthatmybodywasamachineandIhadtohard-wireittolookasphysicallyperfectaspossible.Butattheendoftheday,Irealizedthatsayingnotomybody’snaturaldesireonlyleftmefeelingupset.

Ourworldisfilledwithlosingweight.NearlyeverytimeIlistentotheradio,Ihearsomeadscriticizingemptypromisesofgivingyouabetterbody,achievedonlybythisgymmembership/thisprepackagedKetoshake/thiswaisttrainer.Thesealllivebythesamemessage:

Thatfoodisdangerous,andthelessweeat,thebetteroffweare.Inextremecases,thismessagecanleadtoeatingdisorders,whichwillaffectover30millionpeopleintheirlifetimes,accordingtotheBodyImageTherapyCenter.

Theseideascouldnotbefurtherfromthetruth.Weeatfoodforareason:

Itgivesusenergy,itkeepsourbodyfunctioning,anditmakesushuman.Iurgeeverybodytoadoptadietbasedonsustainability（可持续发展）,toeatforenergy,basedonwhatmakesushappy.Wealldeservehealthyrelationshipswithfoodandmindfuleatingisthebestplacetostart.

8．Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenhearingthecustomer’swords?

A．Quiteproud.

B．Abitangry.

C．Ratherguilty.

D．Alittleembarrassed.

9．Whydidtheauthordesiremorestronglytoloseweightlater?

A．Shewaslaughedatbyothers.

B．Shegotencouragementfromherfamily.

C．ShewasattractedbypicturesontheInternet.

D．Shegottiredeasilywhenbeingoverweight.

10．Whatdidtheauthorthinkofherweightlossexperie