学年江苏省海门第一中学高二上学期期末测试英语试题 解析版文档格式.docx

1、Merrimack Valley Magazine - 09/22/2019Anna Du created the Deep Plastics Initiative campaign （DPI） to educate others about preventing and cleaning up ocean plastics pollution. Through her DPI presentations around the world, Anna is encouraging scientists to work together in an open-source manner to d

2、evelop creative technologies. She has written a childrens book, Microplastics and Me.Jamie MargolinThe New York Times - 09/20/2019Jamie Margolin founded Zero Hour, an international youth climate justice movement. Her non-profit provides training, resources, and entry points for young people who want

3、 to take concrete action against climate change and environmental injustice.Grace CallwoodCecil Daily-09/27/2019Grace Callwood founded The We Cancerve Movement, a non-profit that creates ways for youth to help other children who are homeless and sick. Her group has donated more than $15,000 in cash

4、and another $50,000 in products to youth-serving organizations across Maryland, Delaware, and Ohio.1Whats the purpose of Ball4Goods signature annual event?ATo raise money for those in need. BTo attract assistants for Ball4Good.CTo inspire childrens interest in sports. DTo select players for Adoms ba

5、sketball team.2What do Anna Du and Jamie Margolin have in common?ABoth wrote a childrens book.BBoth care about the future of our planet.CBoth have worked for the good of the homeless.DBoth have encouraged scientists to work together.3Who won recognition from an article by Cecil Daily?AAnna Du. BAdom

6、 Appiah. CGrace Callwood. DJamie Margolin.【答案】1A2B3C【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个获得格洛里亚巴伦青年英雄奖的人。1细节理解题。根据Adorn Appiah部分中“Ball4WGoods signature annual event, the Celebrity Basketball Games, draws sold-out crowds to watch community leaders take on Adorn and his peers. The 2019 games raised more than $30,000

7、for children.（ Ball4WGood的标志性年度活动“名人篮球比赛”吸引了满座的观众来观看社区领袖与阿登和他的同龄人比赛。2019年为儿童筹集了3万多美元）”可知，Ball4Good年度标志性活动的目的是为那些需要帮助的人筹集资金。故选A。2根据Anna Du部分中“Anna Du created the Deep Plastics Initiative campaign （DPI） to educate others about preventing and cleaning up ocean plastics pollution.（ Anna Du发起了“深海塑料倡议运动”（

8、Deep Plastics Initiative campaign，简称DPI），旨在教育其他人预防和清理海洋塑料污染）”以及Jamie Margolin部分中“Her non-profit provides training, resources, and entry points for young people who want to take concrete action against climate change and environmental injustice.（她的非营利组织为那些想要采取具体行动应对气候变化和环境不公正的年轻人提供培训、资源和切入点）”可知，Anna

9、Du和Jamie Margolin的共同点是他们都关心我们星球的未来。故选B。3根据Grace Callwood 部分中“Media Coverage: Cecil Daily-09/27/2019 （媒体报道：Cecil Daily09/27/2019）”可知，Grace Callwood因为Cecil Daily的一篇文章获得了认可。故选C。 Its fall, and that means some trees are losing their leaves. Many people might see cleaning up all that yard waste as tiring.

10、 But Bryant Liu, 13, looked at his leaf-blanketed lawn and saw a potential source of energy.Right now, most people fuel their cars with petrol made from fossil fuels （化石燃料）, which are not renewable. So scientists are making biofuels. For example, engineers can produce bioethanol - a type of alcohol

11、fuel - from sugars in plants. Turning to dead leaves, however, presents a challenge for biofuel developers. Dead leaves have sugar, but they also have lots of lignin - a tough substance （物质） that strengthens the walls of plant cells. To get to the sugars inside, scientists first have to break down t

12、he lignin with chemicals.Bryant wanted to see if he could get sugar for biofuels out of dead leaves by pretreating those leaves with acids or bases （碱）.The young researcher gathered up three garbage bags full of leaves from his yard. Then he went to his fathers laboratory. He broke the dead leaves i

13、nto pieces, and then carefully loaded equal numbers of them into test tubes. Afterwards, he added either an acid solution or a base solution at different concentrations to the test tubes. “That was really fun,” Bryant says. “It made me feel like a real scientist.” Finally, the teen found that pretre

14、ating leaves with either an acid or base encouraged sugar to get out from his yards leaves. However, he explains, the process is still too expensive.Bryant now wants to take the sugars from his finding to the next step - making ethanol. If he could create a better method for producing biofuels, he e

15、xplains, people would need fewer fossil fuels and “have a renewable energy source for the future.” And, Bryant adds, if people use all those dead leaves for biofuels, he and other kids may have to do less cleaning each fall.4What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 2?AReflect on Bryants experi

16、ences.BUse examples to support the topic.CAdd some background information.DIntroduce a new topic for discussion.5What is the purpose of Bryants experiment?ATo test the toughness of the lignin.BTo find the differences between acids and bases.CTo identify the functions of the elements of leaves.DTo ge

17、t sugar from dead leaves using acids and bases.6What is Bryants next step?ATo produce biofuels from dead leaves.BTo promote the use of biofuels worldwide.CTo make his pretreating process less costly.DTo encourage other kids to collect dead leaves.7Which of the following best describes Bryant?AHe is

18、caring.BHe is demanding.CHe has a good sense of humor.DHe has a spirit of exploration.4C5D6A7D这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述的是Bryant通过实验，将枯叶用酸和碱处理提取糖，并计划下一步将它们制成生物燃料。4推理判断题。根据第一段“Its fall, and that means some trees are losing their leaves. Many people might see cleaning up all that yard waste as tiring. But Bryant

19、Liu, 13, looked at his leaf-blanketed lawn and saw a potential source of energy.”（秋天来了，这就意味着一些树开始掉叶子。很多人认为打扫院子里的落叶很烦人。但13岁的Bryant Liu看着铺满树叶的草坪，看见了一个潜在的能量来源。）和第二段的“Right now, most people fuel their cars with petrol made from fossil fuels （化石燃料）, which are not renewable.”（现在大多数人用不可再生的化石燃料制成的汽油为汽车提供燃料，

20、所以科学家们正在制造生物燃料。）可推知，作者写第一自然段是为了增加一些背景信息，表明在这样的背景情况下，Bryant想要研发生物燃料。5根据第三段的“Bryant wanted to see if he could get sugar for biofuels out of dead leaves by pretreating those leaves with acids or bases （碱）.”（Bryant想看看那些枯叶用酸和碱处理后能不能提取糖制成生物燃料）可知，Bryant实验的目的是用酸和碱从枯叶中提取糖。故选D。6根据第四段的“Bryant now wants to take

21、 the sugars from his finding to the next step - making ethanol.”（Bryant现在想把他研究成果的糖带到下一步制造乙醇）可知，Bryant的下一步是用枯叶生产生物燃料。7结合文章的主要内容，尤其第三段的“Bryant wanted to see if he could get sugar for biofuels out of dead leaves by pretreating those leaves with acids or bases （碱）.”（Bryant想看看能否通过用酸或碱预处理枯叶，从这些枯叶中提取出用于生物燃

22、料的糖）和第四段的“Bryant now wants to take the sugars from his finding to the next step - making ethanol.”（Bryant现在想把他研究成果的糖带到下一步制造乙醇）可知，本文主要讲述的是Bryant通过实验，将枯叶用酸和碱处理提取糖，并计划下一步将它们制成生物燃料。由此可推知Bryant具有探索精神。 A customer stands on the other side of the counter at my work, eyeing the menu. “The food here is so cal

23、oric,” she complains, and then looks at me. “You dont eat here, do you? It certainly doesnt look like it.” My face turned red.Im not quite used to how others see me. Since June 2018, Ive lost almost 50 pounds. When I made the choice to change my body physically, everyone around me told me that I wou

24、ld be happier: Skinny meant pretty, and pretty meant happy and satisfied. After looking through dozens of before-and-after changes on Instagram and other social media, I was more eager to make myself smaller, to better fit into the world. But none of that happened. I didnt feel more whole, or more p

25、eaceful. More than anything, I felt lied to.Human health is unbelievably complex, and theres so much more to our well-being than caloric balance. For several months, I often felt very tired and got angry easily, convinced that my body was a machine and I had to hard-wire it to look as physically per

26、fect as possible. But at the end of the day, I realized that saying no to my bodys natural desire only left me feeling upset.Our world is filled with losing weight. Nearly every time I listen to the radio, I hear some ads criticizing empty promises of giving you a better body, achieved only by this

27、gym membership/ this prepackaged Keto shake/ this waist trainer. These all live by the same message: That food is dangerous, and the less we eat, the better off we are. In extreme cases, this message can lead to eating disorders, which will affect over 30 million people in their lifetimes, according

28、 to the Body Image Therapy Center.These ideas could not be further from the truth. We eat food for a reason: It gives us energy, it keeps our body functioning, and it makes us human. I urge everybody to adopt a diet based on sustainability （可持续发展）, to eat for energy, based on what makes us happy. We

29、 all deserve healthy relationships with food and mindful eating is the best place to start.8How did the author feel when hearing the customers words?AQuite proud.BA bit angry.CRather guilty.DA little embarrassed.9Why did the author desire more strongly to lose weight later?AShe was laughed at by others.BShe got encouragement from her family.CShe was attracted by pictures on the Internet.DShe got tired easily when being overweight.10What did the author think of her weight loss experie