高考英语刷题卷五含答案解析Word格式.docx

高考英语刷题卷五含答案解析Word格式.docx

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回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；

每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

WhatisStrengthsFinder

Doyouhavetheopportunitytodobesteveryday?

Chancesareyoudon’t.Alltoooften,ournaturaltalentsgoundeveloped.Wedevotemoretimetofixingourdisadvantagesthantodevelopingouradvantages.

In1998,theFatherofStrengthsPsychology,DonaldO.Clifton,Ph.D.（1924～2003）,alongwithTomRathandateamofscientistsatTheGallupOrganization,createdtheonlineStrenghthsFinderassessment（评估）.

Tohelppeopledeveloptheirtalents,in2001,Gallupintroducedthefirstonlineassessment,StrengthsFinder,whichledtoaglobalconversationandhelpedmillionstodiscovertheirtopfivetalents.In2004,theassessment’snamewasformallychangedtoCliftonStrengthsFinderinhonorofitsdesigner.

In2007,RathandGallupscientistsreleased（发行）anewedition（版本）oftheassessmentcalledStrengthsFinder2.0.Rooted（扎根）inmorethan40yearsofresearch,thisassessmenthascontinuedtohelpmillionsdiscoveranddeveloptheirnaturaltalents.

Initslatestnationalbestseller,StrengthsFinder2,0,Gallupreleasesthenewandimprovesitspopularassessmentandmuchmore.Whileyoucanreadthisbook,you’lluseitasareferencefordecades.

Withhundredsofwaystoapplyyourstrengths,thenewbookandwebsitewillchangethewayyoulookatyourself—andtheworldaroundyou—forever.

AvailableinStrengthsFinder2.0

*Apopularprice:

$20

*Aspecialprice:

Save20%forstudents

Youcanknowaboutitsinformationon

1.WhenwasthefirststrengthsFinderonlineassessmentintroduced?

A.In1998.B.In2001.

C.In2004.D.In2007.

2.HowmuchshouldastudentpayforthetwobooksstrengthsFinder2.0?

A.16dollars.B.20dollars.

C.32dollars.D.40dollars.

3.WhydidGallupintroducestrengthsFinder?

A.TohelpPeopledeveloptheirnaturaltalents.

B.TotellPeopletofindouttheirdisadvantages.

C.TohelpPeoplediscovertheirinterests.

D.Totellpeopletorealizetheirdreams.

B

Iworkasthereceptionmanageratmyhotel.

Abookingcameinafewweeksagowithanoteattachedthataguestwouldbetravellingwithherdeaffather.Thisnotehelpedusinpreparingfortheirarrival.Astheywouldbehereforanumberofdays,hisdaughterwantedtomakehistriptoIrelandassmoothaspossible.

UponseeingthisnoteandknowingIwouldbetheonetocheckthemin,Idecidedtolearnsomeverybasicsignlanguage.Igreetedtheguestinmyusualfashion,askingforthesurnameonthebooking.OnceIheardthename，Iimmediatelyrealizedwhowasstandinginfrontofme.

Ihadbeenlearningfortwoweekshowtosay:

“WelcometoIreland.Mysignlanguageisterrible,butplease,ifyouneedanythingduringyourstay,justletmeknowandwewillhelpyou.”

Ismiledatthefatheranddaughterinfrontofme.Turningtothefather,IgreetedhiminASL（AmericanSignLanguage）andbeganthebitIhadlearnedforhim.HisdaughterbrokedowncryingandtoldmeIwassweet.Butthefatherjustsmiledandwassohappy.Honestly,seeinghisreactionwasenoughforme.ItwasabsolutelyworththelastfewweeksoflearningbasicASL.

Sadly,Iwasn’tworkingthedaytheycheckedout,buttheyleftagiftforme,asmallboxwithsomechocolatesandabookonASL.Insidewasanotesaying:

“Thankyouverymuchforwhatyoudid.Myfatherhasbeeninamazingspiritsfromthetimeyoucheckedusinandinsistedwegetyouagiftbeforeweleft.Youhavenoideahowmuchthismeanttomyfatherandme,andwecan’tthankyouenough.You'

vemadehistripveryspecialwithonesimplegesture.”

IcriedforasolidfiveminuteswhenIcameintoworkthenextdayandfoundthisgiftinmylocker.

4.Thedaughterleftanotewhenbookingthehotelinorderto__________.

A.askforspecialserviceforherself

B.givesomeusefuladvicetothehotel

C.expressgratitudetothehotelmanager

D.makeherfather’stripmorecomfortable

5.Thedaughtercriedwhentheycheckedinbecause__________.

A.theauthor’ssignlanguagewasreallyterrible

B.herfatherwasunwillingtoliveinthathotel

C.sheappreciatedwhattheauthorhaddoneforherfather

D.theauthorwouldn’tbeworkingwhentheycheckedout

6.Seeingthefather’sreactionduringcheck-in,theauthorprobablyfelt__________.

A.thankfulB.satisfied

C.disappointedD.regretful

7.Fromthispassage,wecanknowthat__________.

A.theauthormadethedaughter’scheck-outsmooth

B.theauthorwasdeeplymovedbyanunexpectedgift

C.thedaughtercriedforfiveminutesbeforetheyleft

D.thedaughteraskedtheauthortolearnsignlanguage

C

In1992,TeenTalkBarbiewasreleasedwiththecontroversialvoicefragment,“Mathclassishard.”Whilethetoy'

sreleasemetwithstrongpublicreaction,thisunderlyingassumptionpersists,spreadingthemyththatwomendonotthriveinscience,technology,engineeringandmathematic（STEM）fieldsduetobiologicalinadequaciesinmathaptitude.However,in2019JessicaCantlonatCarnegieMellonUniversityledaresearchteamthatcomprehensivelyexaminedthebraindevelopmentofyoungboysandgirlsandfoundnogenderdifferenceinbrainfunctionormathability.

Cantlonandherteamconductedthefirstneuroimagingstudytoevaluatebiologicalgenderdifferencesinmathaptitudeofyoungchildren.HerteamusedfunctionalMRI（核磁共振）tomeasurethebrainactivityin104youngchildren（3-to-10-year-old;

55girls）whilewatchinganeducationalvideocoveringearlymathtopics,likecountingandaddition.Theresearcherscomparedscansfromtheboysandgirlstoevaluatebrainsimilarity.Inaddition,theteamexaminedbrainmaturitybycomparingthechildren'

sscanstothosetakenfromagroupofadults（63adults;

25women）whowatchedthesamemathvideos.

Afternumerousstatisticalcomparisons,Cantlonandherteamfoundnodifferenceinthebraindevelopmentofgirlsandboys.Inaddition,theresearchersfoundnodifferenceinhowboysandgirlsprocessedmathskillsandwereequallyengagedwhilewatchingtheeducationalvideos.Finally,boys'

andgirls'

brainmaturitywerestatisticallyequivalentwhencomparedtoeithermenorwomenintheadultgroup.

CantlonsaidshethinkssocietyandculturearelikelysteeringgirlsandyoungwomenawayfrommathandSTEMfields,aspreviousstudiesshowthatfamiliesspendmoretimewithyoungboysinplaythatinvolvesspatialcognition（空间认知）.“Typicalsocializationcanmakeworsesmalldifferencesbetweenboysandgirlsthatcansnowballintohowwetreattheminscienceandmath,”Cantlonsaid.“Weneedtobeawareoftheseoriginstoensurewearen'

ttheonescausingthegenderinequities.”

However,thisprojectisfocusedonearlychildhooddevelopmentusingalimitedsetofmathtasks.Cantlonwantstocontinuethisworkusingabroaderscopeofmathskills,suchasspatialprocessingandmemory,andfollowthechildrenovermanyyears.

8.Whatcanweinferaboutthetoy’srelease?

A.Ithasraisedastormofapplause.

B.Girlsperformnoworsethanboysinmath.

C.Mathisasubjectdifficulttoeveryoneofus.

D.Womenarebornwithinsufficientmathabilities.

9.WhatcanwelearnfromthestudyconductedbyCantlon?

A.Boysprocessmathskillsmorequicklythangirls.

B.Boysandgirlshavesimilarbraininmathabilities.

C.Boysandgirlshavesimilarinterestinmath.

D.Adultshavebetterbrainthanchildreninmath.

10.WhatwillCantlonmostlikelyagreewith?

A.Parentsshouldlengthenthetimespentwithgirls.

B.Societyiscausingagreatergenderdifferenceinmathabilities.

C.Cultureplaysaleadingroleinchildren’sbraindevelopment.

D.Weshouldcultivateboys’andgirls’mathabilitiesequally.

11.HowwillCantlonfurtherherresearch?

A.Byusingawiderrangeofmathskills.

B.Byinvolvingabroaderscopeofsubjects.

C.Byincreasingthecomplexityofmathtasks.

D.Byfollowingthechildrenuntiltheiradulthood.

D

Someofthemostpowerfulcompaniesintheworldhaveco-founders.Forexample,Google（SergeyBrinandLarryPage）,Apple（SteveWozniakandSteveJobs）,andMicrosoft（BillGatesandPaulAllen）andsoon.Havingpartnerscanhelptodealwiththepressureandthefailuresthatcomewithrunningabusiness.Nomatterhowdownonyourluckyoufeeltheymayprovideemotionalsupport.Theymayhaveextraskills,andbeonhandtohelpoutwiththeday-to-dayproblems.Andanalternatepointofviewmayhelptobroadenyourmindandaidtheriskofmistakesbeingoverlooked.

EverybodyknowsSamsung’sGalaxyNote7.Whenthephonewaslaunchedin2016,customerspraiseditforitsstorage,designandusability,anditmaywellhavebeenahitifitweren’tforthefactthatitoccasionallycaughtfireandexploded.Itwassoonbannedimmediatelyfromflights,andSamsunghadnochoicebuttorecalltheentiremodel.Theshortcomingreportedlycostthecompany$1billion,andafurther$17billioninlostsales.Butremember,basedonthelesson,theGalaxyNote8andtheGalaxyNote9arewellreceivedintheworld!

Nowweknowthatfailingispartofbusinesssuccess.

Onethingthatallgreatcompanieshaveincommonisthattheyhavefailedmanytimes—andluckily,theybouncedback.TakeSarahBlakely,founderofshapewearbrandSpanxforexample.Shecreditsherbusinesssuccessspecificallytoherfailures.“I’dgetkickedoutofbuildingsalldaylong,“sheremembered.“Peoplewouldtearupmybusinesscardinmyface.ButmyfriendsandIknewIcoulds