奥巴马就职演讲里引用的林肯的名句Word文件下载.docx

奥巴马就职演讲里引用的林肯的名句Word文件下载.docx

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therehasneverbeenanyreasonablecauseforsuchapprehension.indeed,themostampleevidencetothecontraryhasallthewhileexistedandbeenopentotheirinspection.itisfoundinnearlyallthepublishedspeechesofhimwhonowaddressesyou.idobutquotefromoneofthosespeecheswhenideclarethat--ihavenopurpose,directlyorindirectly,tointerferewiththeinstitutionofslaveryinthestateswhereitexists.ibelieveihavenolawfulrighttodoso,andihavenoinclinationtodoso.thosewhonominatedandelectedmedidsowithfullknowledgethatihadmadethisandmanysimilardeclarationsandhadneverrecantedthem;

andmorethanthis,theyplacedintheplatformformyacceptance,andasalawtothemselvesandtome,theclearandemphaticresolutionwhichinowread:

resolved,thatthemaintenanceinviolateoftherightsofthestates,andespeciallytherightofeachstatetoorderandcontrolitsowndomesticinstitutionsaccordingtoitsownjudgmentexclusively,isessentialtothatbalanceofpoweronwhichtheperfectionandenduranceofourpoliticalfabricdepend;

andwedenouncethelawlessinvasionbyarmedforceofthesoilofanystateorterritory,nomatterwhatpretext,asamongthegravestofcrimes.

unanimityframeandpassalawbymeansofwhichtokeepgoodthatunanimousoath?

thereissomedifferenceofopinionwhetherthisclauseshouldbeenforcedbynationalorbystateauthority,butsurelythatdifferenceisnotaverymaterialone.iftheslaveistobesurrendered,itcanbeofbutlittleconsequencetohimortoothersbywhichauthorityitisdone.andshouldanyoneinanycasebecontentthathisoathshallgounkeptonamerelyunsubstantialcontroversyastohowitshallbekept?

again:

inanylawuponthissubjectoughtnotallthesafeguardsoflibertyknownincivilizedandhumanejurisprudencetobeintroduced,sothatafreemanbenotinanycasesurrenderedasaslave?

andmightitnotbewellatthesametimetoprovidebylawfortheenforcementofthatclauseintheconstitutionwhich

guaranteesthatthecitizensofeachstateshallbeentitledtoallprivilegesandimmunitiesofcitizensintheseveralstates?

itaketheofficialoathto-daywithnomentalreservationsandwithnopurposetoconstruetheconstitutionorlawsbyanyhypercriticalrules;

andwhileidonotchoosenowtospecifyparticularactsofcongressaspropertobeenforced,idosuggestthatitwillbemuchsaferforall,bothinofficialandprivatestations,toconformtoandabidebyallthoseactswhichstandunrepealedthantoviolateanyofthemtrustingtofindimpunityinhavingthemheldtobeunconstitutional.itisseventy-twoyearssincethefirstinaugurationofapresidentunderournationalconstitution.duringthatperiodfifteendifferentandgreatlydistinguishedcitizenshaveinsuccession

administeredtheexecutivebranchofthegovernment.theyhaveconducteditthroughmanyperils,andgenerallywithgreatsuccess.

yet,withallthisscopeofprecedent,inowenteruponthesametaskforthebriefconstitutionaltermoffouryearsundergreatandpeculiardifficulty.adisruptionofthefederalunion,heretoforeonlymenaced,isnowformidably

attempted.iholdthatincontemplationofuniversallawandoftheconstitutiontheunionofthesestatesisperpetual.perpetuityisimplied,ifnotexpressed,inthefundamentallawofallnationalgovernments.itissafetoassertthatnogovernmentpropereverhadaprovisioninitsorganiclawforitsowntermination.continuetoexecutealltheexpressprovisionsofournationalconstitution,andtheunionwillendureforever,itbeingimpossibletodestroyitexceptbysomeactionnotprovidedforintheinstrumentitself.again:

iftheunitedstatesbenotagovernmentproper,butanassociationofstatesinthenatureofcontractmerely,canit,asacontract,bepeaceablyunmadebylessthanallthepartieswhomadeit?

onepartytoacontractmayviolateit--breakit,sotospeak--butdoesitnotrequirealltolawfullyrescindit?

descendingfromthesegeneralprinciples,wefindthepropositionthatinlegalcontemplationtheunionisperpetualconfirmedbythehistoryoftheunionitself.theunionismucholderthantheconstitution.

itwasformed,infact,bythearticlesofassociationin1774.itwasmaturedandcontinuedbythedeclarationofindependencein1776.itwasfurthermatured,andthefaithofallthethenthirteenstatesexpresslyplightedandengagedthatitshouldbeperpetual,bythearticlesofconfederationin1778.andfinally,in1787,oneofthedeclaredobjectsforordainingandestablishingtheconstitutionwastoformamoreperfectunion.butifdestructionoftheunionbyoneorbyapartonlyofthestatesbelawfullypossible,theunionislessperfectthanbeforetheconstitution,