大学英语六级分类模拟题468Word文档格式.docx

大学英语六级分类模拟题468Word文档格式.docx

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90分钟）

一、PartⅠReadingComprehension（总题数：

0，分数：

0.00）

二、SectionA（总题数：

1，分数：

25.00）

NormanBorlaug:

Fatherofthe"

GreenRevolution"

A.FewpeoplehavequietlychangedtheworldforthebettermorethanthisruralladfromthemidwesternstateofIowaintheUnitedStates.ThemaninfocusisNormanBorlaug,theFatherofthe"

GreenRevolution"

whodiedonSeptember12,2009atage95.NormanBorlaugspentmostofhis60workingyearsinthefarmlandsofMexico,SouthAsiaandlaterinAfrica,fightingworldhunger,andsavingbysomeestimatesuptoabillionlivesintheprocess.Anachievement,fitforaNobelPeacePrize.

EarlyYears

B."

I"

maproductofthegreatdepression"

ishowBorlaugdescribedhimself.Agreat-grandsonofNorwegianimmigrantstotheUnitedStates,Borlaugwasbornin1914andgrewuponasmallfarminthenortheasterncomerofIowainatowncalledCresco.Hisfamilyhada40-hectare（公顷）farmonwhichtheygrewwheat,maize（玉米）andhayandraisedpigsandcattle.Normanspentmostofhistimefromage7-17onthefarm,evenasheattendedaone-room,one-teacherschoolatNewOregoninHowardCounty.

C.Borlaugdidn"

thavemoneytogotocollege.ButthroughaGreatDepressioneraprogramme,knownastheNationalYouthAdministration,BorlaugwasabletoenrollintheUniversityofMinnesotaatMinneapolistostudyforestry.HeexcelledinstudiesandreceivedhisPh.D.inplantpathology（病理学）andgeneticsin1942.From1942to1944,BorlaugwasemployedasamicrobiologistatDuPontinWilmington.However,followingtheDecember7,1941attackonPearlHarbor,Borlaugtriedtojointhemilitary,butwasrejectedunderwartimelabourregulations.

InMexico

D.In1944,manyexpertswarnedofmassstarvationindevelopingnationswherepopulationswereexpandingfasterthancropproduction.BorlaugbeganworkataRockefellerFoundation-fundedprojectinMexicotoincreasewheatproductionbydevelopinghigher-yieldingvarietiesofthecrop.Itinvolvedresearchingenetics,plantbreeding,plantpathology,entomology（昆虫学）,agronomy（农艺学）,soilscience,andcerealtechnology.ThegoaloftheprojectwastoboostwheatproductioninMexico,whichatthetimewasimportingalargeportionofitsgrain.BorlaugsaidthathisfirstcoupleofyearsinMexicoweredifficult.Helackedtrainedscientistsandequipment.Nativefarmerswerehostiletowardsthewheatprogrammebecauseofseriouscroplossesfrom1939to1941duetostemrust.

E.WheatvarietiesthatBorlaugworkedwithhadtall,thinstalks.Whiletallerwheatcompetedbetterforsunlight,theyhadatendencytocollapseundertheweightofextragrain—atraitcalledlodging.Toovercomethis,Borlaugworkedonbreedingwheatwithshorterandstrongerstalks,whichcouldholdonlargerseedheads.Borlaug"

snewsemi-dwarf,disease-resistantvarieties,calledPitic62andPenjamo62,changedthepotentialyieldofMexicanwheatdramatically.By1963wheatproductioninMexicostoodsixtimesmorethanthatof1944.

GreenRevolutioninIndia

F.Duringthe1960s,SouthAsiaexperiencedseveredroughtconditionandIndiahadbeenimportingwheatonalargescalefromtheUnitedStates.BorlaugcametoIndiain1963alongwithDr.RobertAndersontoduplicatehisMexicansuccessinthesub-continent.Theexperimentsbeganwithplantingafewofthehigh-yieldingvarietystrainsinthefieldsoftheIndianAgriculturalResearchInstituteatPusainNewDelhi,underthesupervisionofDr.M.S.Swaminathan.ThesestrainsweresubsequentlyplantedintestplotsatLudhiana,Pantnagar,Kanpur,PuneandIndore.Theresultswerepromising,butlarge-scalesuccess,however,wasnotinstant.CulturaloppositiontonewagriculturaltechniquesinitiallypreventedBorlaugfromgoingaheadwithplantingofnewwheatstrainsinIndia.By1965,whenthedroughtsituationturnedalarming,theGovernmenttooktheleadandallowedwheatrevolutiontomoveforward.ByemployingagriculturaltechniqueshedevelopedinMexico,BorlaugwasabletonearlydoubleSouthAsianwheatharvestsbetween1965and1970.

G.IndiasubsequentlymadeahugecommitmenttoMexicanwheat,importingsome18,000tonnesofseed.By1968,itwasclearthattheIndianwheatharvestwasnothingshortofrevolutionary.Itwassoproductivethattherewasashortageoflabourtoharvestit,ofbullcartstohaulittothethreshingfloor（打谷场）,ofjute（黄麻）bagstostoreit.Localgovernmentsinsomeareaswereforcedtoshutdownschoolstemporarilytousethemasstorehouses.

H.UnitedNation"

sFoodandAgricultureOrganization（FAO）observedthatin40yearsbetween1961and2001,"

Indiamorethandoubleditspopulation,from452milliontomorethan1billion.Atthesametime,itnearlytripleditsgrainproductionfrom87milliontonnesto231milliontonnes.Itaccomplishedthisfeatwhilein