高考英语如何写好简单句教案.docx
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高考英语如何写好简单句教案
2012高考英语书面表达专题
(2):
如何写好简单句
英语5种基本句型
1.S(主)+Vi.(不及物动词)(谓)
常见的不及物动词有:
appear,apologize,arrive,come,die,disappear,exist,fall,happen,rise,laugh,smile,live,study,arrive,cry,1isten,walk.
S(主语)
Vi.(不及物动词)
其它
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Time
She
He
We
I
flies.
sings
went
stopped
willgo
beautifully.Adverbial(副词)
onholiday.PrepPhrase(介词短语)
tohavearest.Infinitive(不定式)
swimming.Participle(分词)
注:
“There+be(Vi.)+S…”也是属于第一种基本句型。
2.S(主)+V.(谓)(lv.)(系动词)+P(表)
S(主)
lv.(系动词)
P(表)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
We
This
Theflowers
Class
Kid
Myfriend
are
is
smell
is
looks
becomes
Chinese.N.(名词)
mine.Pron.(代词)
sweet.Adj.(形容词)
over.Adv.(副词)
likehisfather.Prep.Phrase
excited.Participle(分词)
除了be系动词外,还有一些动词也可以用作系动词,
1)表感官的动词,feel,smell,taste,sound,look,appear,seem等。
2)表转变变化的动词,become,get,grow,turn,go,等。
3)表延续的动词remain,keep,seem,hold,stay,rest等。
4)表瞬时的动词come,fall,set,cut,occur等
5)其他动词lie,prove,ring,run,shine,sit,stand,continue,hang等。
注:
下列常见“It…”句式也是属于第二句型。
1)It+be+adj./n.+todo…(不定式)Itisyourdutytotakecareofyourmother.
2)It+be+adj.+for/of+sb.+todo…Itiseasyforustofinishtheprojectintwodays.
3.S(主)+Vt.(及物动词)(谓)+O(宾)
S(主)
Vt.(及物动词)(谓)
O(宾)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
I
She
Helen
Thekid
Thethief
I
amstudying
loves
wants
doesn’tknow
admitted
believe
English.N.(名词)
him.Pron.(代词)
togothere.Infinitive(不定式)
wheretogo.Wh-Word+Infinitive
stealingthemoney.Gerund(动名词)
thatthereisnothingwrong..That-clause(that从句)
注:
1)S+Vt.+infinitive(不定式)Iwanttohelphim.
常用于这句型的动词有:
attempt,dare,decide,desire,expect,hope,intend,learn,need,offer,pretend,promise,propose,purpose,refuse,want,wish等。
2)S+Vt.+Wh-Word+InfinitiveIdon'tknowwhattodo.
常用于这句型的动词有:
ask,consider,decide,discover,explain,findout,forget,guess,inquire,know,learn,observe,remember,see,settle,tell,think,understand,wonder等。
3)S+Vt.+GerundIenjoylivinghere.
常用于这句型的动词有:
admit,advise,avoid,consider,defend,enjoy,excuse,finish,forbid,mind,miss,practise,risk,suggest,giveup,can'thelp,lookforwardto,stickto等。
4)S+Vt.+That-clauseIdon'tthink(that)heisright.
常用于这句型的动词有:
Admit,believe,command,confess,declare,demand,deny,doubt,expect,explain,feel(觉得),hear(听说),hope,imagine,intend,know,mean,mind(当心),notice,propose,request,report,say,see(看出),show,suggest,suppose,think,understand,wish,wonder(觉得奇怪)。
4.S(主)+Vt.(谓)+I.O.(间接宾)+D.O.(直接宾)
S(主)
Vt.(谓)
I.O.(间接宾)
D.O.(直接宾)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
I
Mother
Myfather
Myuncle
He
sent
gave
bought
brought
caninform
him(N.名词)
Mary(Pron.代词)
me(Pron.代词)
mybrother(N.名词)
you(Pron.代词)
abook.
anicegiftyesterday.
astorybook.
anewwatch.
wheretheteacherlives.(从句)
本句型的谓语动词所发出的动作有两个对象,一为“人或动物等”,称为间接宾语;另一为“物或事”,称为直接宾语。
本句型也可以把“D.O.”置于“I.O.”之前,应注意用介词to或for,句型为:
S+Vt.+N./Pron.+To/for-phrase.如:
1)Hesentmeabook.→Hesentabooktome.
2)Heboughtmeacoat.→Heboughtacoatforme.
间接宾语前需要加to的常用动词有:
bring,deny,give,grant,hand,leave,lend,offer,owe,pass,pay,permit,promise,read,render,restore,sell,send,show,teach,tellwish,write等。
间接宾语前需要加for的常用动词有:
bring,buy,cash,choose,fetch,get,leave,make,order,paint,play(演奏),save,sing,spare等。
5.S(主)+Vt.(谓)+O.(宾)+O.C.(宾补)
S(主)
Vt.(谓)
O.(宾)
O.C.(宾补)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
We
He
She
I
I
He
He
He
named
made
keeps
ask
caught
taught
told
advised
ourdaughter(N./Pron).
ourgarden(N./Pron.)
everything(N./Pron.)
him(N./Pron).
him(N./Pron.)
me(N./Pron.)
me(N./Pron.)
me(N./Pron.)
Mary.(N.)
verybeautiful.(Adj.)
ingoodorder.(Pren.Phrase)
tohelpme.(Infinitive)
cheatinginexam.(Participle)
howtolearnEnglish.(Wh-word+Infinitive)
thathepassedtheexam.(Thatclause)
whenweshouldstart.(Wh-clause)
此句型中的动词叫做可以跟复合宾语的动词,后面的宾语补足语是说明宾语的情况的,宾语和宾语补足语一起被称做复合宾语。
注:
1)S+Vt.+N./Pron.+N常用于这句型的动词有:
appoint,call,choose,elect,entitle,find,make,name,nominate(命名)。
2)S+Vt.+N./Pron.+Adj常用于这句型的动词有:
beat,boil,cut,drive,find,get,hold,keep,leave,like,make,paint,see,set,turn,want,wash,wipe,wish等。
3)S+Vt.+N./Pron.+PrepPhraseShealwayskeepseverythingingoodorder.
4)S+Vt.+N./Pron.+Infinitive常用于这句型的动词有:
a)不定式带to的词:
advice,allow,ask,beg,cause,choose,command,decide,encourage,expect,force,get,hate,invite,know,leave,like,love,order,permit,persuade,prefer,remain,request,teach,tell,want,warn,wish等。
b)不定式不带to的词:
feel,have,hear,know,let,listento,lookat,make,notice,see,watch等。
5)S+Vt.+N./Pron.+Participle(分词)常用于这句型的动词有:
catch,feel,find,get,have,hear,imagine,keep,leave,listento,lookat,notice,observe,perceive,see