国际法教程(英文)南洋理工大学RSIS国际关系学院(6共10)PPT格式课件下载.ppt

国际法教程(英文)南洋理工大学RSIS国际关系学院(6共10)PPT格式课件下载.ppt

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Jurisdiction&@#@SovereigntynJurisdiction-powerorauthorityoverapersonorthing.nSovereignty-UltimatejurisdictionoverallpersonsorthingswithinandwithoutastatesterritoryJurisdiction-GeneralPrinciplesnShaw:

@#@powerofthestatetoaffectpeople,propertyandcircumstancesnKeyfeatureofthedoctrineofsovereigntyJurisdictionGeneralPrinciplesnRoleofinternationallawistolimitexerciseofgovernmentpowerLotusCase（1927）nStatemayhaveextra-territorialjurisdictionprovideditisnotprohibitedbyruleofinternationallaw（Prescription）nGenerally,statemaynotexercisejurisdictionintheterritoryofanotherstate（Enforcement）DomesticJurisdictionnLegislativejurisdictionnExecutivejurisdictionnJudicialjurisdictionStateshaveabsolute&@#@exclusivejurisdictionofenforcementwithintheirownterritoriesCivil&@#@CriminalJurisdictionnCivilJurisdiction-SupremeCourtofJudicatureAct&@#@SubordinateCourtsActnCriminalJurisdiction（HarvardDraft1935）nTerritorialPrinciplenNationalityPrinciplenPassivePersonalityPrinciplenProtectivePrinciplenUniversalityPrincipleTerritorialityPrinciplenStatesrighttoprosecuteforallcrimescommittedwithinitsterritoryLotusCase,1927nObjectiveTerritoriality-JurisdictionoveroffencescompletedinitsterritoryevenifforeignelementinvolvednSubjectiveTerritoriality-Jurisdictionoveralloffencesandmatterscommencinginitsterritoryevenifsomeelementtakesplaceinanotherstate.nExtra-TerritorialJurisdiction-Jurisdictionoveractstakingplaceabroad.NationalityPrinciplenNationalityconfersrightsandbenefitsonindividualsnPrinciplegivesstatesrighttoexercisejurisdictionoveritsnationalsnDiplomaticprotectionnRulesonacquisitionanddeprivationofnationalitybasedondomesticlawPassivePersonalityPrinciplenJurisdictiontotryindividualforoffencescommittedabroadbuthavingeffectonnationalsofthestatenCuttingcase,1886-AKCutting,USpublisherofElPasoSundayHeraldarrestedandimprisonedMexicoforlibel-nojurisdictionagainstAmericannUSvYunis（1988）-LebanesecitizenarrestedininternationalwatersforallegedhijackingofJordanianairliner-onlyconnectionwaspresenceofUScitizensinplanenControversialaspectofjurisdictionProtectivePrinciplenJurisdictionoveralienswhohavecommittedanactabroadwhichisdeemedprejudicialtothesecurityofthestateconcerned.nJustification-statesvitalinterestsnDPPvJoyce（1946）-LordHawHawcase-WilliamJoyce,Britishnational,treasoncommittedinGermanynControversialaspectofjurisdictionbutclaimedbymanystatesinpracticenEnlargedtoEffectsDoctrineUniversalityPrincipleEverystatehasjurisdictiontotryparticularoffences:

@#@nPiracy-Piracyjuregentium（bythelawofnations）-Art101UNCLOS1982-illegalactsofviolence,detentionordepredationcommittedforprivateendsbycreworpassengersofaprivateshiporprivateaircraftanddirectedagainstanothershiporaircraft-RePiracyJureGentium1934nWarCrimes&@#@CrimesAgainstHumanity-AGofIsraelvEichmann1961-whetherIsraelicourthadjurisdictiontotryEichmannnCaseConcerningArrestWarrantof11September2000-BelgianwarrantforarrestofAbdoulyeNdombasi-ForeignMinisterofCongo-whetherBelgiumhaduniversaljurisdictionJurisdictionOverIllegallyApprehendedIndividualsnAGofIsraelvEichmann（1961）-IsraelapologisedbutstillexercisedjurisdictionnRvHorseferryMagistratesCourt,exparteBennett（1993）-NewZealandnationalarrestedinSouthAfricaandforciblybroughttoUKside-steppingextraditionlaw-UKcourtsdeclinedtoexercisejurisdictionnStatevEbrahim1991-EscapedANCmemberabductedbySouthAfricanagentsfromSwaziland-SouthAfricancourtsdeclinedtoexercisejurisdictionnLegalRoute-Extradition-Practicebasedoncomityandreciprocityamongstates-enablesonestatetohadnoversuspectstoanotherstate.Extra-TerritorialJurisdictionnPracticedbymanystatesbyenactinglegislationhavingextra-territorialreach.nLawsextendtostatesubjectsoverseas-UnitedStatesleadingexponentofthispractice-Helms-BurtonAct&@#@DAmatoActnHelms-Burton:

@#@CubanLibertyandDemocraticSolidarityActof1996-Cubanembargo-widelycondemnednDAmatoAct-Iran&@#@LibyaSanctionsAct1996nSingapore-numerouspiecesoflegislationSovereigntyOverTerritorynTerritorialSovereigntynNewStatesnAcquisitionofAdditionalTerritorynBoundaryTreatiesnAccretionnCessionnConquest&@#@UseofForcenExerciseofEffectiveControlnUtiPossidetisnSovereignActivities（Effectivits）TerritorialSovereigntynEssenceofterritorialsovereigntycontainedinnotionoftitle-legalandfactualconditionsunderwhichterritoryisdeemedtobelongtoaparticularauthority.nDisputesoverTerritory:

@#@nStatusofcountry-egArabclaimsagainstIsrael;@#@MoroccoagainstMauritanianBorderdisputenTerraNulliusnResCommunis-eghighseas,AntarcticaNewStatesnUsuallycomeintobeingbytwomeans:

@#@nConstitutionaldevolution-egsecessionordecolonizationnUseo