高中英语构词法PPT文档格式.ppt
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Classify:
pathwayfreedomdarkestplaceunfairlockeverydayriversidenursedisagree合成词合成词(有两个或更多的词合成一个词有两个或更多的词合成一个词):
转化词转化词(将一种词性转化成另一种词性将一种词性转化成另一种词性):
派生词派生词(在词根上加上前、后缀构成另外一个词在词根上加上前、后缀构成另外一个词):
everydaypathwayriversideunfairdarkestdisagreefreedomlockplacenurse构词法构词法:
合成(Compounding)派生法(Derivation)
【前缀/后缀】转化法(Conversion)
【词性转换】合成词合成词Compoundpain-killercolor-blindsleep-walksleep-walker1.合成名词合成名词
(1)n+nairconditionerbloodpressureincometaxcreditcard
(2)adj+ncentralbankfastfood空调空调血压血压所得税所得税信用卡信用卡中央银行中央银行快餐快餐solarsystemremotecontrol(3)v-ing+另一词另一词washingmachinedrivinglicense(4)其他方式其他方式by-producteditor-in-chief太阳系太阳系遥控遥控洗衣机洗衣机驾驶执照驾驶执照副产品副产品主编主编2.合成形容词合成形容词
(1)过去分词或带过去分词或带ed词尾的词构成。
词尾的词构成。
absent-mindedgrey-haired
(2)动词的动词的ing或另一词构成或另一词构成long-sufferingfar-reaching心不在焉的心不在焉的头发灰白的头发灰白的长期受苦的长期受苦的深远的深远的(影响影响)3.合成动词及合成副词合成动词及合成副词overeatbaby-sitempty-handed吃得太多吃得太多看孩子看孩子一无所获的一无所获的加前缀:
加前缀:
happy-happy-_happyhappy加后缀:
加后缀:
develop-develop-developdevelop_既加前缀又加后缀:
既加前缀又加后缀:
employ-employ-_employemploy_unmentunment派生词派生词(derivation)派生法(派生法(DerivationDerivation)-词缀词缀法法1.1.前缀前缀:
Pre-(前)(前)Pre-reading,preview,prepayRe-(重新)Rewrite,reconsider,reusedis-(不不)disagree,dislike,disappearin/im-(不)(不)incorrect,impossiblemis(错误或失当错误或失当)super-(超级)(超级)mini-(微小)(微小)misunderstand,misleadsupermarket,supermanminiskirt,minibusforetell,forecastpost(之后)postwar,post-readingfore-(前,预先前,预先)semicircle,semi-finalsemi-(半,部分半,部分)antiwar,anti-Japanesewaranti-(阻止,抗阻止,抗)underground,under-developunder-(在(在下,下,在在中)中)2.常见的后缀常见的后缀1).名词后缀名词后缀:
-er-or-tion-ment-ity-ist-hood-ion请将以下单词和上列相应的后缀相连,组成新词:
请将以下单词和上列相应的后缀相连,组成新词:
work,educate,develop,visit,satisfy,teach,sail,ability,piano,art,child,act,brother,solute,conclude,move,possible-er-or-tion-ment-ity-ist-hood-ionteacher,workervisitor,sailoreducation,satisfactiondevelopment,movementability,possibilitypianist,artistchildhood,brotherhoodaction,solution,conclusion如如:
-ous-ful-able,-ible-ant,-ent-arydangerous,humoroushelpful,carefulcomfortable,responsibleimportant,excellentmilitary,voluntary2).形容词后缀:
形容词后缀:
3).副词性的词缀:
副词性的词缀:
-ly-wardsquickly,softly,yearlybackwards,forwards转化法转化法(Conversion)tasten.味道v.尝起来Ithasagoodtaste.Ittastesverygood.recordn.记录记录v.记录记录LiuXiangBrokethe100mHurdlesWorldRecord.Heliestorecordsomethingwhilereadingabook.correctcorrectionincorrectindependentdependdependabledisabledisabilityimpossiblepossiblepossibilitywrongmistakenmistakemisunderstandunderstandundergraduategraduategraduationn.反义反义独立的独立的词根词根adj.残疾的残疾的n.不可能的不可能的n.反义反义n.误解误解词根词根大学生大学生词根词根n.近义近义反义反义WordsBuildingcorrectn.反义反义独立的独立的词根词根adj.残疾的残疾的n.不可能的不可能的n.反义反义n.误解误解词根词根大学生大学生词根词根n.近义近义反义反义WordsBuildingcorrectcorrectionincorrectindependentdependdependabledisabledisabilityimpossiblepossiblepossibilityexpressioneducationwrongmistakenmistakeunderstandundergroundundergraduategraduategraduationunderwaysubwaysubtitlealwayssidewaysn教育教育表达表达O独立的独立的rootadj残疾的残疾的n不可能的不可能的OnSSn误解误解root大学生大学生rootn地下的地下的地下通道地下通道地铁地铁副标题副标题总是总是misunderstand缩写和简写缩写和简写:
缩写和简写缩写和简写(也被称为截断法或缩也被称为截断法或缩短法短法)主要采取主要采取:
“截头截头”,“去尾去尾”或者或者“既截头又去尾既截头又去尾”的方法生的方法生成新词成新词.telephone-phoneairplaneplanelaboratory-labmathematics-mathadvertisementadexamination-exam另外还有许多缩写词是由各个单词的首字母组成另外还有许多缩写词是由各个单词的首字母组成.CD(compactdisk)CCTV(ChinaCentralTelevision)NBA(NationalBasketballAssociation)UFO(unidentifiedflyingobject)UN(UnitedNations)ID(identification)USA(UnitedStatesofAmerica)1.Hewasoneofthebest_inyesterdaysfootballmatch.(play)2.Look!
How_Kateislaughing!
(happy)3.Itsnowed_lastnightandnowthestreetsarecoveredwithsnow.(heavy)4.Edisonwasagreat_.Duringhislifehehadmany_.(invent)playershappilyheavilyinventorinventions构词法精练构词法精练Usetheappropriateformofthewordstofillintheblanks.5.Moreandmore_havecometovisitChinaovertheseyears.(foreign)6.Wewant_reasonsforyourfailuretohelp.(satisfy)7.Pleasegivemesomereferencework.Itwill_mytask.(simple)8.Theboyhadthe_ofbeinghalfstarved.(appear)9.Thepolicehave_aplotagainstthePresident.(cover)10.ThedoctorsaidthatMarysmotherneededan_.(operate)foreignerssatisfactorysimplifyappearanceuncoveredoperation11.Shehopedthathersonwouldbecomea_.(music)12.Few_wordsmadeusexcited.(speak)13.Thedaysonthemoongethotterthan_water.(boil)14.Thankyouforyour_.(kind)15.Manycollegestudentsworkwhiletheyarestudyingbecausetheywanttomakesomemoneyfortheircollege_.(expensive)16.Mostinternational_lettersarewritteninEnglish,too.(busy)musicianspokenboilingkindnessexpensesbusiness17.Theboynoticedan_mistakeonhispaper,buthedecidednottosayanythingaboutit.(correct)18.WheninRome,doasthe_do.(Rome)19.Theteacherwaspleasedwithher_.(honest)20.Themotherdidntknowwhyherdaughterwascrying_.(noise)uncorrectedRomanshonesty