写作技巧训练(二)[1].PPT文档格式.ppt

写作技巧训练(二)[1].PPT文档格式.ppt

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试分析以下句子的关系Scienceandtechnologymaycausesomeproblems.Criminalsmaymakeuseofhightechnologytocommitcrimes.Andwhatsmore,withtherapiddevelopmentofindustryandever-increasingpopulation,theworldwillhavetofaceenergycrisisandpollution.Manypeoplemaysufferfromenergyshortageandairpollution.Soweshouldprotecttheenvironment.第二个论证脱离了“主旨点”的限定.违反了“一个段落一个中心”的原则.衔接是指句与句之间借助各种逻辑连接词清晰地表达思维逻辑和语义关系语义关系的手段。

Scienceandtechnologymaycausesomeproblems.Theextensiveuseofhightechnologyisdecreasingtheemploymentopportunities.Itarousessomepeoplesworryabouttheprospectthatmanwillbeunderthecontrolofrobots.Criminalsmaymakeuseofhightechnologytocommitcrimes.三个发展句间缺乏逻辑关系缺乏逻辑关系的衔接语,虽然语段的语义是连贯的,但是句间逻辑层次不明朗,而且关系显得比较生硬.alsoWorstofall语段的一般结构和类型语段的结构类型就是语段的发展模式.它有多种发展模式,最常见的有:

1因果型语段;

2转折型语段;

3举例型语段;

4.列举型语段;

5对比型语段;

6递进型语段7总合型语段;

1因果型语段的逻辑连接词Foronething,-ForanotherTherefore,Thus,Asaresult,Consequently,ForthisreasonThefirstreasonisthat-thesecondoneis-thethirdoneis-Itismainly（partly）because-Itisnotonlythat-butthat-,itisnotbecause-butbecause-Thisiswhy-2转折型语段的逻辑连词转折型语段的逻辑连词but,however,nevertheless,whereas,ontheotherhand,3举例型语段的逻辑连词举例型语段的逻辑连词Forexample,Forinstance（用句子做例子）Suchas,such-as（并列两个以上的名词短语）4列举型语段列举型语段（作者从几个方面论述主题,而这几方面是并列而非对立并列而非对立关系.如“几个原因”,“几个问题”,“几个办法”等）First,Second（ly）,Finally;

Thefirstreasonisthat-,ThesecondoneisthatInthefirstposition,-Inthesecondposition-.5对比型语段对比型语段（用于比较不同的观点、看法或态度：

有人认为-，而另些人认为-，你的观点是-）while,but,however,onthecontrary,in（by）contrast,forsomepeople（forothers）比较三个以上的不同观点，常用的逻辑连词有：

Somepeoplethinkthat-Othersmaintainthat-AsfarasIamconcernedSomepeoplearguethat-Othersinsistthat-Stillothersmaintainthat-6递进型语段：

递进型语段：

对观点层层剖析，由表及里，由末逐本挖掘问题的实质，探讨事物的本源。

Moreover,further,and,also,furthermore,besides,inadditionandwhatsmore（更有趣，更激动的事）andwhatsworse,worstofall（强调事物的严重性）英语语篇的结构模式1一般性论说文结构图总论分析总结提出问题分析问题解决问题语篇主题发展模式（I）主题段（topicsentence）：

作者提出“话题”或“观点”发展段（mainbody）：

从各个侧面论述“主题”或“分析问题”结论段（concludingparagraph）：

得出结论，或总结陈词，或提出办法，或展望未来。

语篇主题发展模式（II）主题引子（detailintroduction）：

引用实例做铺垫。

主题段（topicsentence）：

20032003年上海高考题年上海高考题:

你的好友因家境一般买不起名牌而闷闷不乐你的好友因家境一般买不起名牌而闷闷不乐,给他写封信给他写封信,谈谈你的看法和建议谈谈你的看法和建议.收信人收信人:

徐海青徐海青寄信人寄信人:

黄平黄平写信日期写信日期:

2003:

2003年年66月月88日日June,8th,2003DearHaiqing:

Imwritingtoyoutosharemyopinionsonfashionwithyou,forIhavejustheardthatyouwereunhappybecauseyoucouldntbuysomethingoffamousbrands.Ishallsaythatitisnaturalforeveryonetopaymuchemphasisonhisownimageanditistruethatfashionableclothes,shoesorsomethinglikethatwillmakeyoumorefashionableandeye-catching/charming.However,everyonehasownfamilybackground,anditisreallyextravagantforyoutobuythese.Besides,itwillalsoaddtotheburdenofyourparents.Whatsmore,beautyisjustskindeep,andtherearemanythingswhichcanmakeyoupopularwithothersexceptfashion.Agreatamountofknowledge,noblecharacterandawarmheartwillsurelywinyouothersrespectandadmiration.Goodqualityisthetreasureinyourlifewhichismorevaluablethananythingyouwear.Neverjudgeabookbyitscover.Ihopethatyouwillrememberthesayingandbecomeashappyasyouusedtobe.YoursHuangPing2叙议结合叙议结合TheremustbeuseformytalentIwasdeeplyfrustratedbyonefailureafteranotherinthemockexamsinthefirstsemesterofSeniorThree.However,IdidntloseheartbutgatheredmycourageagainandwonthefirstprizeinanEnglishSpeakingContest.Thisexperienceshowsmethattheremustbeauseformytalent.Thereisnodoubtthateveryonewasbornuniquewithtalentsinacertainfield.MaybeIamnotsogoodatmathsandphysics,butIamalwaysconfidentwithmyabilityinEnglishandpublicspeaking,whicharemyspecialties.Whatsmore,therearealwaysdifferentrequirementsinsociety.Everyonewillfindaplacewhichfitshisorhertalents.Forinstance,apersonwhoispoorinmathsbutgoodatwritingmightachievesuccessasajournalistorwriter.Inanutshell,IbelievetherewillappearastageonwhichIwillbeabletoshowmyowntalentsandIfirmlyagreewiththeproverb-theremustbeauseformytalents.单纯议论单纯议论WhatsthebadeffectsoftheInternetbarsInternetbarshavebecomeanewproblemforthestudentsoftheday.Itcanbeargued