写作技巧训练(二)[1].PPT文档格式.ppt

1、试分析以下句子的关系 Science and technology may cause some problems.Criminals may make use of high technology to commit crimes.And whats more,with the rapid development of industry and ever-increasing population,the world will have to face energy crisis and pollution.Many people may suffer from energy shortag

2、e and air pollution.So we should protect the environment.第二个论证脱离了“主旨点”的限定.违反了“一个段落一个中心”的原则.衔接是指句与句之间借助各种逻辑连接词清晰地表达思维逻辑和语义关系语义关系的手段。Science and technology may cause some problems.The extensive use of high technology is decreasing the employment opportunities.It arouses some peoples worry about the pr

3、ospect that man will be under the control of robots.Criminals may make use of high technology to commit crimes.三个发展句间缺乏逻辑关系缺乏逻辑关系的衔接语,虽然语段的语义是连贯的,但是句间逻辑层次不明朗,而且关系显得比较生硬.alsoWorst of all 语段的一般结构和类型语段的结构类型就是语段的发展模式.它有多种发展模式,最常见的有:1 因果型语段;2 转折型语段;3 举例型语段;4.列举型语段;5 对比型语段;6 递进型语段7总合型语段;1 因果型语段的逻辑连接词 For

4、one thing,-For another Therefore,Thus,As a result,Consequently,For this reason The first reason is that-the second one is-the third one is-It is mainly（partly）because-It is not only that-but that-,it is not because-but because-This is why-2 转折型语段的逻辑连词转折型语段的逻辑连词but,however,nevertheless,whereas,on the

5、 other hand,3 举例型语段的逻辑连词举例型语段的逻辑连词For example,For instance（用句子做例子）Such as,such-as（并列两个以上的名词短语）4 列举型语段列举型语段（作者从几个方面论述主题,而这几方面是并列而非对立并列而非对立关系.如“几个原因”,“几个问题”,“几个办法”等）First,Second（ly）,Finally;The first reason is that-,The second one is thatIn the first position,-In the second position-.5 对比型语段对比型语段（用于比较

6、不同的观点、看法或态度：有人认为-，而另些人认为-，你的观点是-）while,but,however,on the contrary,in（by）contrast,for some people（for others）比较三个以上的不同观点，常用的逻辑连词有：Some people think that-Others maintain that-As far as I am concerned Some people argue that-Others insist that-Still others maintain that-6 递进型语段：递进型语段：对观点层层剖析，由表及里，由末逐本挖

7、掘问题的实质，探讨事物的本源。Moreover,further,and,also,furthermore,besides,in additionand whats more（更有趣，更激动的事）and whats worse,worst of all（强调事物的严重性）英语语篇的结构模式1 一般性论说文结构图总论分析总结提出问题分析问题解决问题 语篇主题发展模式（I）主题段（topic sentence）：作者提出“话题”或“观点”发展段（main body）：从各个侧面论述“主题”或“分析问题”结论段（concluding paragraph）：得出结论，或总结陈词，或提出办法，或展望未来。

8、语篇主题发展模式（II）主题引子（detail introduction）：引用实例做铺垫。主题段（topic sentence）：20032003年上海高考题年上海高考题:你的好友因家境一般买不起名牌而闷闷不乐你的好友因家境一般买不起名牌而闷闷不乐,给他写封信给他写封信,谈谈你的看法和建议谈谈你的看法和建议.收信人收信人:徐海青徐海青 寄信人寄信人:黄平黄平 写信日期写信日期:2003:2003年年6 6月月8 8日日 June,8th,2003 Dear Haiqing:Im writing to you to share my opinions on fashion with you,f

9、or I have just heard that you were unhappy because you couldnt buy something of famous brands.I shall say that it is natural for everyone to pay much emphasis on his own image and it is true that fashionable clothes,shoes or something like that will make you more fashionable and eye-catching/charmin

10、g.However,everyone has own family background,and it is really extravagant for you to buy these.Besides,it will also add to the burden of your parents.Whats more,beauty is just skin deep,and there are many things which can make you popular with others except fashion.A great amount of knowledge,noble

11、character and a warm heart will surely win you others respect and admiration.Good quality is the treasure in your life which is more valuable than anything you wear.Never judge a book by its cover.I hope that you will remember the saying and become as happy as you used to be.Yours Huang Ping2 叙议结合叙议

12、结合There must be use for my talent I was deeply frustrated by one failure after another in the mock exams in the first semester of Senior Three.However,I didnt lose heart but gathered my courage again and won the first prize in an English Speaking Contest.This experience shows me that there must be a

13、 use for my talent.There is no doubt that everyone was born unique with talents in a certain field.Maybe I am not so good at maths and physics,but I am always confident with my ability in English and public speaking,which are my specialties.Whats more,there are always different requirements in socie

14、ty.Everyone will find a place which fits his or her talents.For instance,a person who is poor in maths but good at writing might achieve success as a journalist or writer.In a nutshell,I believe there will appear a stage on which I will be able to show my own talents and I firmly agree with the proverb-there must be a use for my talents.单纯议论单纯议论 Whats the bad effects of the Internet bars Internet bars have become a new problem for the students of the day.It can be argued