托福阅读技巧-逻辑篇PPT格式课件下载.ppt

托福阅读技巧-逻辑篇PPT格式课件下载.ppt

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托福阅读技巧段落逻辑篇通用技巧l上下文猜重点词l段首段尾知主旨l注意例证和转折l核心定位找原句l排除陷阱干扰项逻辑关系逻辑关系Howdoyoureadaparagraph?

@#@lDoyoureadeverydetailoronlyreadthesentenceswiththekeywordsinthequestions?

@#@Time-consuming！

@#@Confusing！

@#@Howdoyoureadaparagraph?

@#@lDoyoureadtheparagraphagainandagainwhenitishardtounderstandorwhenitishardtofindtheanswertothequestion?

@#@Example1lReadthefollowingparagraphtoanswerthequestion.lParagraph3:

@#@Iftrue,though,whydidcold-bloodedanimalssuchassnakes,lizards,turtles,andcrocodilessurvivethefreezingwintersandtorridsummers?

@#@Theseanimalsareatthemercyoftheclimatetomaintainalivablebodytemperature.Itshardtounderstandwhytheywouldnotbeaffected,whereasdinosaurswerelefttoocrippledtocope,especiallyif,assomescientistsbelieve,dinosaurswerewarm-blooded.CriticsalsopointoutthattheshallowseawayshadretreatedfromandadvancedonthecontinentsnumeroustimesduringtheMesozoic,sowhydidthedinosaurssurvivetheclimaticchangesassociatedwiththeearlierfluctuationsbutnotwiththisone?

@#@Althoughinitiallyappealing,thehypothesisofasimpleclimaticchangerelatedtosealevelsisinsufficienttoexplainallthedata.Whydoestheauthormentionthesurvivalof“snakes,lizards,turtles,andcrocodiles”inparagraph3?

@#@A.Toarguethatdinosaursmayhavebecomeextinctbecausetheywerenotcold-bloodedanimalsB.ToquestiontheadequacyofthehypothesisthatclimaticchangerelatedtosealevelscausedtheextinctionofthedinosaursC.TopresentexamplesofanimalsthatcouldmaintainalivablebodytemperaturemoreeasilythandinosaursD.TosupportahypothesisthattheseanimalswerenotassensitivetoclimatechangesintheCretaceousperiodastheyaretodaylParagraph3:

@#@Iftrue,though,whydidcold-bloodedanimalssuchassnakes,lizards,turtles,andcrocodilessurvivethefreezingwintersandtorridsummers?

@#@Theseanimalsareatthemercyoftheclimatetomaintainalivablebodytemperature.Itshardtounderstandwhytheywouldnotbeaffected,whereasdinosaurswerelefttoocrippledtocope,especiallyif,assomescientistsbelieve,dinosaurswerewarm-blooded.CriticsalsopointoutthattheshallowseawayshadretreatedfromandadvancedonthecontinentsnumeroustimesduringtheMesozoic,sowhydidthedinosaurssurvivetheclimaticchangesassociatedwiththeearlierfluctuationsbutnotwiththisone?

@#@Althoughinitiallyappealing,thehypothesisofasimpleclimaticchangerelatedtosealevelsisinsufficienttoexplainallthedata.Whydoestheauthormentionthesurvivalof“snakes,lizards,turtles,andcrocodiles”inparagraph3?

@#@A.Toarguethatdinosaursmayhavebecomeextinctbecausetheywerenotcold-bloodedanimalsB.ToquestiontheadequacyofthehypothesisthatclimaticchangerelatedtosealevelscausedtheextinctionofthedinosaursC.TopresentexamplesofanimalsthatcouldmaintainalivablebodytemperaturemoreeasilythandinosaursD.TosupportahypothesisthattheseanimalswerenotassensitivetoclimatechangesintheCretaceousperiodastheyaretodayExample2lReadthefollowingparagraphtoanswerthequestion.lDissatisfactionwithconventionalexplanationsfordinosaurextinctionsledtoasurprisingobservationthat,inturn,hassuggestedanewhypothesis.ManyplantsandanimalsdisappearabruptlyfromthefossilrecordasonemovesfromlayersofrockdocumentingtheendoftheCretaceousupintorocksrepresentingthebeginningoftheCenozoic（theeraaftertheMesozoic）.BetweenthelastlayerofCretaceousrockandthefirstlayerofCenozoicrock,thereisoftenathinlayerofclay.Scientistsfeltthattheycouldgetanideaofhowlongtheextinctionstookbydetermininghowlongittooktodepositthisonecentimeterofclayandtheythoughttheycoulddeterminethetimeittooktodeposittheclaybydeterminingtheamountoftheelementiridium（lr）itcontained.Inparagraph4,allthefollowingquestionsareansweredEXCEPT:

@#@A.WhyistherealayerofclaybetweentherocksoftheCretaceousandCenozoic?

@#@B.WhywerescientistsinterestedindetermininghowlongittooktodepositthelayerofclayattheendoftheCretaceous?

@#@C.Whatwastheeffectofthesurprisingobservationscientistsmade?

@#@D.WhydidscientistswantmoreinformationaboutthedinosaurextinctionsattheendoftheCretaceous?

@#@lDissatisfactionwithconventionalexplanationsfordinosaurextinctionsledtoasurprisingobservationthat,inturn,hassuggestedanewhypothesis.ManyplantsandanimalsdisappearabruptlyfromthefossilrecordasonemovesfromlayersofrockdocumentingtheendoftheCretaceousupintorocksrepresentingthebeginningoftheCenozoic（theeraaftertheMesozoic）.BetweenthelastlayerofCretaceousrockandthefirstlayerofCenozoicrock,thereisoftenathinlayerofclay.Scientistsfeltthattheycouldgetanideaofhowlongtheextinctionstookbydetermininghowlongittooktodepositthisonecentimet