呼吸系统--组织学和胚胎学PPT文档格式.ppt

呼吸系统--组织学和胚胎学PPT文档格式.ppt

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epitheliumoftrachea4.SmallgranuleC4.SmallgranuleC1.CiliatedC1.CiliatedC2.BrushC2.BrushC3.GobletC3.GobletC5.BasalC5.BasalCThewalloftrachea1.1.Mucosa=epithelium+laminaMucosa=epithelium+laminapropriapropriauupseudostratiatedpseudostratiatedciliatedcolumnarciliatedcolumnaruuCiliatedCiliatedC,goblet,gobletC,brush,brushC,basalbasalC,smallgranular,smallgranularC.2.2.SubmucosaSubmucosa=CT+mixedglandsmixedglands3.Adventitia=16-203.Adventitia=16-20Cshapedshapedhaylinehaylinecartilagerings.cartilagerings.nnatmosphere&

atmosphere&

alveolialveolinnalveoli&

alveoli&

bloodblood（blood&

tissue）（blood&

tissue）GasexchangeGasexchangebronchiolelunglung二、二、lunglungLungLLoowwppoowweerrlungnnparenchyma:

bronchialtrees&

alveoli.parenchyma:

alveoli.uuPrincipalbronchi（Principalbronchi（Br）lobular）lobular、segmentalsegmentalBrsmallersmallerBrbronchioleterminalbronchiolebronchioleterminalbronchiolerespiratorybronchiolerespiratorybronchiolealveolarductalveolarduct、alveolarsacalveoli.alveolarsacalveoli.uuConductionportion:

aboveterminalConductionportion:

aboveterminalbronchioles.bronchioles.uuRespiratoryportion:

respiratoryRespiratoryportion:

respiratorybronchioletoalveoli.bronchioletoalveoli.uuPulmonarylobulePulmonarylobule:

bronchioleand:

bronchioleanditsramifications.itsramifications.ConductionportionConductionportionConductionportionConductionportionlobularBr&

smallBrlobularBr&

smallBrEpitheliumGobletCGlandsCartilageplateSMCConductionportionConductionportionbronchiole&

bronchiole&

terminalterminalbrochiolebrochioleSimpleciliatedcolumnar.GobletC（）（）Gland（）（）Cartilageplate（）（）SMCRulesofstructuralvarianceinconductingportionRulesofstructuralvarianceinconductingportionSmallBrSmallBrSmallBrSmallBrbronchiolbronchiolbronchiolbronchioleeeeTerminalTerminalTerminalTerminalbronchiolebronchiolebronchiolebronchioleEpiEpiEpiEpiPseudostratifiePseudostratifiePseudostratifiePseudostratifieddddCiliatedCiliatedCiliatedCiliatedcolumnarcolumnarcolumnarcolumnarSimpleSimpleSimpleSimpleciliatedciliatedciliatedciliatedcolumnarcolumnarcolumnarcolumnarSimpleSimpleSimpleSimplecolumnarcolumnarcolumnarcolumnar*claraclaraclaraclaracellcellcellcellGobletGobletGobletGobletCC+/-+/-+/-+/-MixedMixedMixedMixedglandglandglandgland+/-+/-+/-+/-CartilagCartilagCartilagCartilageplateeplateeplateeplate+/-+/-+/-+/-SMCSMCSMCSMC+RespiratoryportionRespiratoryportionRespiratoryportionRespiratoryportionRespiratorybronchioleRespiratorybronchioleRespiratorybronchioleRespiratorybronchioleThewallisinterruptedThewallisinterruptedSimpleSimplecuboidalcuboidalEpiEpi,claraclaraCCSMCSMCRespiratoryportionRespiratoryportionRespiratoryportionRespiratoryportionAlveolarduct&

alveolarAlveolarduct&

alveolarsacsacsacsacThewall,manyalveoliThewall,manyalveoliSMCSMC*SimpleSimplecuboidalcuboidal,squamoussquamousAlveolarductAlveolarductAlveolarsacAlveolarsacNoSMCNoSMC*RespiratoryportionRespiratoryportionalveolusalveolus肺泡管肺泡管SimplealveolarEpi.

（1）

（1）Respiratoryportionnn#constituentsconstituents：

respiratoryrespiratorybronchiolebronchiole，alveolarductalveolarduct，alveolarsacalveolarsac，alveolusalveolus。

1.Respiratorybronchiole1.RespiratorybronchioleuuThewall,fewalveoliopenThewall,fewalveoliopeninto.into.uuSimpleSimplecuboidalcuboidalEpiEpi,SMC.,SMC.

（2）

（2）Respiratoryportion2.2.Alveolarduct&

alveolarsacAlveolarduct&

alveolarsacuuThewall,manyalveoliopeninto.Thewall,manyalveoliopeninto.uuKnobsinthewallofalveolarductKnobsinthewallofalveolarductuuKnobsissphincter-likeSMC.Knobsissphincter-likeSMC.（3）（3）Respiratoryportion3.alveolus:

3.alveolus:

uutypetypeIalveolaralveolarCuutypetypeIIalveolarCuualveolarseptum.alveolarseptum.TypeIIalveolarCmacrophageElasticfibertypeIalveolarCTypeIIalveolarCOsmiophilicOsmiophilicMultilamellarMultilamellarbodiesbodiesblood-airbarrierAlveolinnTypeIcelluusquamoussquamous,coveredmostsurface,coveredmostsurfaceofthealveoli.ofthealveoli.nnTypeIIcelluuLM:

roundorroundorcuboidalcuboidal,cellbody,cellbodyprotrudeintothelumen.protrudeintothelumen.uuEM:

osmiophilicosmiophilicmultilamellarmultilamellarbody,body,withabundantphospholipids.withabundantphospholipids.uuFunctions:

secretFunctions:

secretsurfactant,surfactant,reducesurfacetension,stabilizereducesurfacetension,stabilizealveoli.alveoli.nnAlveolarseptum:

Alveolarseptum:

continuouscontinuousCap.,elasticfiber.macrophagedustelasticfiber.macrophagedustC.blood-airbarrierblood-airbarrierincludesincludes:

1.mucuslayeronsurfaceof