福建茶叶出口论文外文原文及译文Word下载.doc

福建茶叶出口论文外文原文及译文Word下载.doc

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一、外文原文

Currentstatusandfuturedevelopmentofglobalteaproductionandteaproducts

AlastairHicks

FAORegionalOfficeforAsiaandthePacific

Teaisgloballyoneofthemostpopularandlowestcostbeverages,nextonlytowater.Teaisconsumedbyawiderangeofagegroupsinalllevelsofsociety.Morethanthreebillioncupsofteaareconsumeddailyworldwide.Teaisconsideredtobeapartofthehugebeveragemarket,nottobeseeninisolationjustasa‘commodity’.Teaactiveingredientsareofinteresttofunctionalfoodsmarkets.Africa,SouthAmerica,theNearEastandespeciallytheAsianregionproducesavariedrangeofteas,this,togetherwithareputationintheinternationalmarketsforhighquality,hasresultedinAsiaenjoyingashareofeveryimportingmarketintheworld.HugepopulationsinAsia,MiddleEast,Africa,UK,EU,andcountriesoftheCISconsumetearegularlyandthroughouttheday.Themainteaproducingcountriesgloballyare:

inAfrica:

Burundi,Kenya,Malawi,Rwanda,Tanzania,Uganda,Zimbabweandothers.InSouthAmerica:

Argentina,Brazilandothers;

InNearEast:

IranandTurkey.InAsia:

Bangladesh,China,India,Indonesia,SriLanka,VietNamandothers.Inaddition,theRussianFederationandCIScountriesproducequantitiesoftea.Numeroustypesofteasareproducedinthecountrieslistedabove.InChina,forexample,thecountrywiththelargestplantingofteaandsecondinoutput,greenteaisaroundhalfofthetotalexport,blackteaaroundonethirdandotherteasonefifth.Dependingonthemanufacturingtechniqueitmaybedescribedasgreen,black,oolong,white,yellowandevencompressedtea.TheIntergovernmentalGrouponTeamonitorsmarketconditionsandprovidesanupdateofpotentialmarketprospectsforteaoverthemediumterm.whichexaminesthecurrentsituationandmediumtermprospectsforproduction,consumptionandtradeoftea,anditsimpactontheworldteamarket.

Insummary,teaisconsideredashavingashareoftheglobalbeveragemarket,ahighlycompetitivefield.Awiderangeofteaproductscontinuetobedeveloped,throughproductandprocessdevelopmentforadded-value,asmarketsharesbecomemoresophisticatedandcompetitive.Theteaindustrymustrisetothesechallenges,facingthefuturewithconfidence.

Introduction

TheAsianregionproducesavariedrangeofteasandthis,togetherwithareputationintheinternationalmarketsforhighquality,hasresultedinAsiaenjoyingashareofeveryimportingmarketintheworld.Africa,SouthAmericaandtheNearEastalsoproducequantitiesoftea.HugepopulationsofAsia,UK,EU,MiddleEast,AfricaandcountriesoftheCISconsumetearegularlyandthroughouttheday.

Thecommonteaplantistheevergreenshrub,Camelliasinensis.Thereareseveralvarietiesofthisspeciesofplant,awellknownonebeingtheIndianAssamtea（C.sinensisvar.assamicaKitamura）.Traditionally,teaispreparedfromitsdriedyoungleavesandleafbuds,madeintoabeveragebysteepingtheleavesinboilingwater.Chinaiscreditedwithintroducingteatotheworld,thoughtheevergreenteaplantisinfactnativetoSouthernChina,NorthIndia,MyanmarandCambodia.

Althoughthereareagrowingnumberofcountriesthatproduceteasinamultiplicityofblends,thereareessentiallythreemaintypesofCamelliatea,whichareGreen,‘Oolong’andBlack.Thedifferenceliesinthe‘fermentation’,whichactuallyreferstooxidativeandenzymaticchangeswithinthetealeaves,duringprocessing.Greenteaisessentiallyunfermented,OolongteaispartiallyfermentedandBlackteaisfullyfermented.Blacktea,whichrepresentsthemajorityofinternationaltrade,yieldsanambercoloured,full-flavourliquidwithoutbitterness.Forexample,bothOrangePekoeandPekoeareblackteas.referstothesilver-tippedAssamteas.OrangePekoeismadefromtheveryyoungtopleavesandtraditionallycomesfromIndiaorSriLanka.PekoeteacomesfromIndia,IndonesiaorSriLankaandismadefromleavesevensmallerthanthosecharacteristicallyusedforOrangePekoe.

Inadditiontotheseconventionalteas,manycountriesofAsiahaveanumberofherbalteas,madefrombrewingplantleaves,orotherplantpartsincludingflowers.Forexample,Gymnemasylvestre,amemberofthebotanicalfamilyAsclepiadaceae,foundmainlyinIndia,hasbeenusedasahealthyandnutritiveherbalteawhichclaimstohaveanumberofmedicinalproperties.Numerousotherherbalteasaregainingmorepopularityrecently.

CurrentSituation

Theglobalteaproductiongrowthratein2006wasmo