个人主义在中美两国人民的认识中存在的差异英语学士学位论文文档格式.docx

个人主义在中美两国人民的认识中存在的差异英语学士学位论文文档格式.docx

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Abstract

ThepaperrepresentsadifferentconceptionbetweenChineseandAmericanpeopletowardsindividualism.Americanpeoplethinkthatindividualismis“individuality”,whileChinesepeoplethinkindividualismisequalto“selfishness”.DifferentculturebackgroundsbetweenChinaandAmericaaffectthedifferentconceptiontowardsindividualism.Asasocialproductandaphenomenonoftheculture,rightorwrongshouldnotbebrandedwithindividualismandasaMarxist,anobjectiveanddialecticalmethodshouldbeusedtojudgeindividualism.Thenaftertheyunderstandindividualisminarightway,theycouldtakeadvantageofitintheconstructionofChinesesocietyandthedevelopmentofthemselves.

Keywords:

Individualismculturalphenomenonthepositiveaspectsocialproduct

摘要

本文阐释了个人主义在中美两国人民的认识中存在的差异。

美国人认为个人主义是一种个性，而中国人则认为它代表的就是自私。

产生这种差异的根本原因在于中美两国不同的文化背景。

作为社会发展的产物和文化现象，个人主义不应该用“对”或是“错”来衡量，而作为马克思主义者，就更加应该客观、公正的看待从不同文化当中衍生出来的东西。

中国人要正确认识个人主义必须从美国文化当中理解个人主义。

只有真正认识、理解了个人主义的精髓，才能从根本上消除中国人对个人主义产生的误读以及对个人主义错误的运用。

在此之后，也就可以将个人主义中积极合理的一面应用到中国社会的发展中，并以此来完善和发展自己。

关键词:

个人主义文化现象积极因素社会产物

Contents

1.Introduction……………………………………………………………………1

2.RightConceptionofIndividualismandItsPositiveAspects……………2

2.1TheCharacteristicsofIndividualism……………………………………2

2.2RightAcknowledgementsoftheIndividualism…………………………4

2.3AdvancedAspectsofIndividualism………………………………………5

3.IndividualisminAmerica……………………………………………………6

3.1TheSourceofIndividualism……………………………………………6

3.2TheAffectionofIndividualismonAmericanSociety……………………7

3.3American’sAttitudetowardsIndividualism……………………………9

4.IndividualisminChina………………………………………………………10

4.1TheRecognitionsofIndividualisminChina……………………………10

4.2TheInfluenceofIndividualismonChina………………………………11

4.3Chinese’sAttitudetowardsIndividualism……………………………12

5.Conclusion…………………………………………………………………13

Bibliography…………………………………………………………………14

1.Introduction

ThispaperdiscussesthedifferentconceptiontowardsindividualismbetweenChineseandAmericanpeoplebasedonthedifferentculturalbackground.

Americanpeoplethinkthatindividualismstandsforpersonality;

itisalsoanalternative,whichshowsapersonwhohasself-relianceandself-struggle.Itemphasizesontheindependence,value,status,andpersonalright.Allofthemaresacredandinviolable.Americaisamulti-culturecountry,afterColumbusdiscoveredthisland,peoplefromdifferentplacesoftheworldflowedtothenewland.Americanshavebeencalledrootlessnationality,formostpeopleliveinAmericaarefromotherplaces.DuringthereignofJamesI,thePresbyterianmajorityunsuccessfullyattemptedtoimposetheirideasontheestablishedEnglishchurchattheHamptonCourtConference.TheresultwasmutualdisaffectionandapersecutionofthePuritans,particularlybyArchbishopWilliamLaud,thatbroughtaboutPuritanmigrationtoEuropeandAmerica.Theyhopedtolookforfreedomandanewworld.SowhentheEuropeansontheMayFlowersteppedonthisland,whichhadnonationalsentimentthatshouldformedduringalongtime,thepersonalinterestshavebeenconsideredmuchimportantthananythingelse.Itisaruletoprotectone’sowninterestsinastrangeplace.

However,inChina,whichhasalonghistoryofmorethan5,000years,theculturaloriginscoulddatebacktotheprimitivesociety,whenShandingcavepeoplelivedandworkedtogethertheinterestsofthecollectiveweresuretobemuchhigherthanpersonalinterestswere.Therefore,undertheinfluenceofthecollectivethepersonalinterests,whichcouldbeconsideredasindividualism,aremuchlookeddownupon.Theviceinfluenceofindividualismiscertainlyexists,butit’spositiveandreasonablesidemakeAmericadeveloptobeapowerfulcountryinonly200years.Thoughcollectiveinterestisaboveeverything,extremelydenyingtheindividualismisalsonotanobjectiveandjustway.InChina,thepositivesideofindividualismcouldstillplayafavorablerole.Recentlyassomanypeopleignoredthegoodaspectofindividualism,rightrecognitionsshouldbeemphasizedagain.Individualismisaphenomenonwithgreatculturalcharacteristics,anditcannotbejustifiedonlywithrightorwrong.Itshouldbejustifiedobjectivelyandjustly.Onlyafterrightrecognitionshavebeenaccepted,Chinacouldgainabrand-newwaytodevelopitandChinesepeoplecouldalsobuilduptheirconfidenceandpromotetherelianceoftheirself-worth.

2.RightConceptiontowardsIndividualismandItsPositiveAspects

2.1TheCharacteristicsofIndividualism

Primarily,therearetwokindsofcharacteristicsofindividualismthatcannotbedenied.Indiv