八习语与文的学作品Word文件下载.docx
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ThisexpressionwascoinedbyShakespeareinOthello（3:
3）,whereIagosays:
"
O!
beware,mylord,ofjealousy;
itisthegreen-eyedmonsterwhichdothmockthemeatitfeedson."
Itisthoughttoalludetocats,oftengreen-eyed,whoteasetheirprey.Jealousy,asinBellaknewthatherhusbandsometimessuccumbedtothegreen-eyedmonster.
这条习语出自莎士比亚剧本《奥赛罗》（Othello）第三幕第三场伊阿古（Iago）的话：
（啊，主帅，你要留心嫉妒啊；
那是一个绿眼的妖魔，谁做了他的牺牲品，就要受他的玩弄……），现喻指嫉妒别人的人。
2.Saladdays指年轻无阅历的时期（最佳时期）。
ThephrasewascoinedinShakespeare'
sAntonyandCleopatrain1606.InthespeechattheendofActOneinwhichCleopatraisregrettingheryouthfuldallianceswithJuliusCaesarshesays:
"
...Mysaladdays,/WhenIwasgreeninjudgment,coldinblood..."
来自莎翁的《安东尼与克莉奥佩特拉》（AnthonyandCleopatra）中埃及艳后克莉奥佩特拉的话"
Saladdays"
isanidiomaticexpression,referringtoayouthfultime,accompaniedbytheinexperience,enthusiasm,idealism,innocence,orindiscretionthatoneassociateswithayoungperson.Moremodernuse,especiallyintheUnitedStates,referstoaperson'
sheydaywhensomebodywasatthepeakofhis/herabilities—notnecessarilyinthatperson'
syouth.
Thephrasebecamepopularonlyfromthemiddleofthe19thcentury,comingtomean“aperiodofyouthfulinexperienceorindiscretion."
ThemetaphorcomesfromCleopatra'
suseoftheword'
green'
—presumablymeaningsomeoneyouthful,inexperienced,orimmature
3.ACleopatra指绝代佳人，亦出自莎士比亚戏剧《安东尼和克里奥佩特拉》中埃及艳后克莉奥佩特拉。
4.Afool’sparadise南柯一梦
出自《罗密欧与朱丽叶》（RomeoandJuliet），ShakespeareuseditinRomeoandJuliet,1592.
小说中乳媪说“…butfirstletmetellyou,ifyoushouldleadherintoafool’sparadise,astheysay,itwereaverygrosskindofbehaviour,astheysay…”
Meaning:
Astateofhappinessbasedonfalsehope.
5.Arosebyanyothernamewouldsmellassweet名称有什么关系呢？
玫瑰不叫玫瑰，依然芳香如故。
出自《罗密欧与朱丽叶》，朱丽叶讨论罗密欧时说“…What’sinaname？
thatwhichwecallarose.Byanyothernamewouldsmellassweet;
SoRomeowould,werwhenotRomeocalled，retainthatdearperfectionwhichheowes…”
Arosebyanyothernamewouldsmellassweet"
isaquotationbyWilliamShakespearefromhisplayRomeoandJulietmeanttosaythatthenamesofthingsdonotmatter,onlywhatthingsare.
IntheplayRomeoandJuliet,thelineissaidbyJulietinreferencetoRomeo'
shouse,Montaguewhichwouldimplythathisnamemeansnothingandtheyshouldbetogether.
6.Hitthemark一语中的
出自《罗密欧与朱丽叶》剧中人物墨古求（Mercutio）说：
“Iflovebeblind,lovecannothitthemark.”
tobecorrectoraccurate
Example:
Wesetourtargetat$3,000andwenotonlyhitthemark,butnearlydoubledthatsum.
Thewriterhitthemarkinsayingthatthemilitarycontributes$400,000amonthtothelocaleconomy.
7.Haveanoldheadonyoungshoulders少年老成
《威尼斯商人》（TheMerchantofVenice）：
Ineverknewsoyoungabodywithsooldahead．
anoldheadonyoungshoulders,alsoawiseheadonyoungshoulders
achildoryoungpersonwhothinksandtalkslikeanolderpersonwhohasmoreexperienceoflife.
Mylittlenephewsaidpeoplewhodislikeotherpeopledon'
tlikethemselvesverymuch.That'
sanoldheadonyoungshoulders.
Hehasanoldheadonyoungshoulders：
atonemomentheisascampishboy，andatanotheraresoluteman．
8.Asplainasthenoseonyourface显而易见
这是莎翁在500多年前戏剧《维罗纳两绅士》（TowGentlemenofVerona）中创作的一个笑话。
Valentine偷偷得爱着Sylivia。
他的仆人开玩笑说，Valentine爱着Sylivia.是“Asplainasthenoseonyourface”当然，人的鼻子是一目了然的。
tobeveryobvious
There’snodoubtthathe'
sinterestedinher.It'
sasplainasthenoseonyourface.
9.One’spoundofflesh合法而不合理的要求
莎翁戏剧《威尼斯商人》中Antonio的一磅肉成为Shylock分文不能短少的债务。
sththatissomeone'
slegalrightbutisanunreasonabledemand（esp.inthephrasetohaveone'
spoundofflesh）fromShakespeare'
s《TheMerchantofVenice》1596
Theirbosspaysthehighestwages，buthewantshispoundoffleshinreturnandmakesthemworkveryhard。
10.AShylock夏洛克，指贪婪、残忍、追求钱财、不择手段的守财奴
出自莎士比亚戏剧《威尼斯商人》中的犹太人夏洛克放高利贷，他贪婪、残暴。
现喻指“敲诈勒索的放债者。
ShylockisafictionalcharacterinShakespeare'
sTheMerchantofVenice.InTheMerchantofVenice,ShylockisaJewishmoneylenderwholendsmoneytohisChristianrival,Antonio,settingthesecurityatapoundofAntonio'
sflesh.Whenabankrup
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