英语字母及字母组合读音汇总Word格式文档下载.docx
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o
①在开音节中/əʊ/those,close,go,hoe,home,no
②在闭音节中/ɒ/clock,not,box,shop,sock
u①在开音节中
1./ju:
/student,excuse,duty,Tuesday
2.元音字母u在辅音字母j、l、r或字母组合ch、sh、tr、dr后面时(辅音字母发音为[ʃ]、[ʒ]、[tʃ]、[dʒ]、[l]、[r]、[tr]、[dr]),读/u:
/,例如:
June,blue,ruler,true。
②在闭音节中/ʌ/bus,cup,jump,much,lunch
元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音
a①在/w/音后面/ɒ/want,what,watch,wash,quality
②在f,n,sk,ph,sp,ss,st,th,lm前/α:
/after,plant,ask,grasp,glass,fast,father
i在-nd,-ld和gh前/aɪ/find,child,light,high
o①在-st,-ld前/əʊ/most,postcard,old,cold
②在m,n,v,th前/ʌ/come,monkey,love,mother
元音字母在非重读音节中的读音
a/ə/China,another,woman,breakfast
动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,作动词后缀音,a读/eɪ/音,例如:
operate,a处在开音节位置,
e/ə/hundred,student,open,weekend,chicken,children
i①/ə/holiday,beautiful,family,animal
②/aɪ/exercise,satellite
∙①/ə/second,tonight,somebody,welcome
∙②/əʊ/also,zero,photo
u
∙①/ə/autumn,difficult
∙②/ju:
/popular,congratulation,January
∙③在辅音字母j,l,r,s后面时,读/ʊ/或/u:
/音,例如:
July,influence,February,issue。
∙在非重读音节中,许多单词中的元音字母a,e,i既可以读/ə/的音,也可以读/ɪ/的音。
-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
编辑
ar
∙①/α:
/car,farm,dark,sharpener
∙②在/w/音后面/ɔ:
/warm,quarter,towards
or
∙①/ɔ:
/fortymorningshort
∙②/ɜ:
/wordworkerworse
er,ir,ur
∙/ɜ:
/certainlybirdThursday
注:
①辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。
例如:
carry,sorry,hurry。
②-r音节在非重读音节中通常读/ə/音,例如:
dollar,teacher,martyr,forget,Saturday。
-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
are
∙/eə/care,dare,hare
ere
∙/ɪə/here,mere
ire
∙/aɪə/fire,hire,wire
ore
∙/ɔ:
/more,score,before
ure
∙/jʊə/pure,cure
-re
∙/ə/centre,fibre,titre,meagre,saltpetre
注
∙①are,ere,ire,ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读/ə/音,例如:
picture,pleasure。
∙②重读元音字母加r,再加非重读元字组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母r读/r/音。
parent,zero,story,during,inspiring。
∙③另外,某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。
orange,very,American,paragraph。
元音字组在重读音节中的读音
ai,ay
∙/eɪ/afraid,rain,wait,day,play
air
∙/eə/air,hair,chair,pair,repair
al
∙①在l,k前/ɔ:
/small,ball,talk,wall,all,talk,
∙②/ɔ:
l/always,also,salt,almost
∙③在f,m前/α:
/half,calm
au,aw
/autumn,daughter,draw
ea
∙①/i:
/teach,easy,cheap,please
∙②/e/heavy,bread,sweater,weather
∙③/eɪ/break,great
ear
∙①/ɪə/hear,dear,near,clear,year
∙②/eə/bear,pear,wear,swear
∙③/ɜ:
/earth,learn,early
ee
∙/i:
/jeep,week,green,three
eer
∙/ɪə/pioneer,deer,beer
ei,ey
∙①/eɪ/eight,neighbour,they
∙②/i:
/seize,key
eu,ew
∙①在j,l,r,s后/u:
/flew,brew,jewelry,jewel
/new,few,newspaper
ie,ei
∙/s/音之后/i:
/piece,field,receive
oa
∙/əʊ/coat,Joan,boat,goal
oar,oor
/roar,board,door,floor
oi,oy
∙/ɔɪ/noise,point,boy,toilet
oo
∙/u:
/broom,food,tooth,school,zoo
∙/ʊ/book,look,cook,foot,good,football
ou,ow
∙①/aʊ/flower,house,count,down
∙②/əʊ/know,row,throw,though
∙③/ʌ/young,country,enough
∙④/u:
/group,soup
our
/course,your,four
∙②/aʊə/our,hour,sour
/journey
oul
∙/ʊ/would,should,could(主要是情态动词、助动词)
ui
∙①在j,l,r,s后/u:
ɪ/fluid,suicide,tuition
∙②/u:
/juice,fruit,suit
非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音
ai,ay,ei,ey
∙/ɪ/foreign,monkey
ow
∙/əʊ/yellow,sparrow,tomorrow
∙注:
元音字组在非重读音节中通常读/ə/音或/ɪ/音。
serious,famous,biscuit,coffee,neighbour
-sion,-tion
∙①/ʃən/impression,nation
∙②在元音字母后/ʒən/vision,decision,occasion
∙③在s后/tʃən/question,suggestion
-isle
∙/aɪl/aisle,Carlisle
-sten
∙/sən/listen
-stle
∙/sl/whistle
-sure
∙/ʒə/pleasure,measure
-ture
∙/tʃə/picture,culture
元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音
∙复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。
everyday/eɪ/,handbag/æ
/,blackboard/ɔ:
/。
有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词。
其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。
holy(神圣)+day/eɪ/(日子)=holiday/ɪ/(假日):
break(中断)+fast/α:
/(斋戒)=breakfast/ə/(早餐);
cup(茶杯)+board/ɔ:
/(木板)=cupboard/ə/(碗柜)。
辅字组的读音
b
∙①/b/
bike,bus,bag
∙②/不发/bomb,tomb
c
∙①在e前或在i,y前/s/face,decide,cinema,bicycle
∙②其他情况/k/cake,picture,coat,music
∙③/tʃ/cello、concerto
ch
∙①/tʃ/much,chick,rich,teacher
∙②/k/school,headache,chemistry(主要为希腊外来词)
∙③/ʃ/machine,moustache(主要是法语外来词)
-ck/cq
[k]cock,pocket,black,knock,checque,
cz
∙[tʃ]
Czech
d
∙/d/doctor,bread,hand,day
-dg(e)
∙/dʒ/bridge,fridge
dr-
∙/dr/children,driver,drink
ds
∙/dz/hands(主要用于可数名词复数)
f
∙/f/five,four,breakfast
∙/v/of
g
∙①/g/bag,garden,go
∙②在e,i,y之前一般读作/dʒ/,少数例外,orange,large,German,apology,giant
∙③e,i,y之前少数情况下读/ʒ/genre,massage
gh
∙①/f/cough,enough
∙②/不发/light,daughter,high
gu-,-gue
∙①/g/guess,league,dialogue(-gue在非重读音节中)
∙②/gw/language,anguish
h
∙①/h/hot,head,house,hand
∙②/不发/hour,honest
j
∙①/dʒ/jeep,jar,joke,joi