cha 11 solutions manual 11th edWord下载.docx

cha 11 solutions manual 11th edWord下载.docx

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PURCHASINGANDCASHDISBURSEMENTS

SUGGESTEDANSWERSTODISCUSSIONQUESTIONS

11.1ThereareseveralreasonswhyaccountantsshouldbeinvolvedindecisionsaboutinvestinginITandnotleavesuchdecisionssolelytoISprofessionals.First,theeconomicmeritsofproposedITinvestmentsneedtobesubjectedtothesamekindofdetailedanalysisasanyothermajorcapitalinvestment（e.g.,plantexpansions）.Accountantsareskilledinmakingsuchanalyses.Second,theoperationalfeasibilityofITinvestmentsmustalsobeevaluated.Howwilltheinvestmentaffectdailyoperatingprocedures?

Willthesystembeabletoadaptasthecompanychangesthenatureofitsoperations?

Asoneofthemajorusersoftheinformationsystem,accountantsneedtoparticipateintheseanalyses.Third,atwhatstageofthelifecycleistheproposedsystem?

Inotherwords,willthesystemsoonbecomeobsolete?

Fourth,whataretherisksthateitheremployeesorcustomerswillbeunhappywiththenewsystem?

Finally,whatisthelong-runviabilityoftheproposedsupplier?

Hereagainaccountantscanmakeavaluablecontributionbyanalyzingthelong-runeconomicviabilityofproposedvendors.

11.2TheVendorManagedInventory（VMI）isessentiallyElectronicDataInterchange（EDI）wheretheretailerhasgiventheirvendoraccessrightstotheirpoint-of-sale（POS）system.SomeofthepotentialadvantagesanddisadvantagesofmovingtoaVMIare:

Advantages:

Lowercost–retailersareabletoessentially“outsource”theirinventorymanagementtotheirvendors.

Potentiallyreducedlostsales–providedthatthevendorsareabletomeetproductdemand.

Moreaccurateforecasts–sincevendorshavemoredatafromtheretailers,theyareabletomoreaccuratelyforecastandmeetdemandfortheirproducts.

Disadvantages:

Cost–theretailersandvendorsmustexpendtheresourcesnecessarytoacquirethetechnologyandincurthecostsofchangingtheorganizationtoaVMIarrangement.

Security–Thevendorshavesignificantaccesstoretailerdata.Theretailerputsoneoftheirmostvaluableassets,theirsalesdata,inthehandsoftheirvendors.Suchaccessopensthedoortoamyriadofdataandsystemsecurityissuessuchasdataalterationanddeletion,unauthorizedaccesstonon-salesrelateddata,inadvertentlossofdataorevencorporateespionage.

Oversupply–thevendorcouldshipmoreinventorythantheretailerneedstomeetdemand.

Controls:

ThefollowingarealistofpotentialcontrolsthatcouldbeimplementedtomonitorVMIsystems:

1.Atleastatfirstandthenperiodicallythereafter,theretailershouldmonitorinventorylevelstodeterminewhetherthevendorissendingenoughinventorytopreventstockoutsbutnottoomuchinventorythatisslowtosell.

2.Analyzeinventorycosts.IfVMIisworking,thenoverallinventorycostsshoulddecline.

3.Intrusiondetectionsystemstodetermineifthevendorhascompromisedthesecurityoftheretailer’ssystem.

4.Unauthorizedaccessattemptstonon-VMIrelatedareasoftheretailer’ssystem.

11.3Sincetheprimarybenefitofprocurementcardsistogiveemployee’stheabilitytomakesmallnon-inventorypurchasesnecessaryfortheirareaofresponsibilitybeitofficesupplies,computerorofficeequipment,mealsand/ortravelexpenses,aformalapprovalprocessforallpurchaseswouldnegatethebenefitoftheprocurementcard.Therefore,thecontrolsforprocurementcardsshouldbefocusontheinitialissuanceofthecardandsubsequentreviewsandauditsofpurchasesmadebyemployeesentrustedwithprocurementcards.Employeesreceivingcardsmustbeproperlytrainedintheirproperuseandintheprocurementcardcontrolsimplementedbytheorganization.Ifemployeesknowthatanypurchasetheymakecanbethesubjectofsubsequentreviewandaudit,theyaremorelikelytomakelegitimatepurchases.Subsequentreviewsandauditsmustalsorequireproperdocumentationrelatedtoeachpurchasemadewiththeprocurementcard.Duringprocurementcardtraining,itshouldbeemphasizedthatemployeeswillberequiredtoproduceoriginalreceiptsorotherformaldocumentationforallitemspurchased.

11.4Thisquestionshouldgeneratesignificantdiscussionandallowtheinstructortocounselstudentsonpersonaldebt,creditcards,interest,andthepersonalproblemsthatdebtcancause.Manypeopledonotkeeptheircreditcardreceiptsasevidencebyreceiptsleftatthe“pay-at-the-pump”gasstations.Ifconsumersdonotkeeptheirreceipts,howdotheyknowwhethertheircreditcardbillisaccurate?

Thus,consumersshouldverifyeachchargeontheirbilltoeachreceipt.Inaddition,creditcardbillshouldbereviewedforaccuraterefundsforreturnedmerchandiseorcancelledservices.Instructorsmayalsowanttotalktostudentsaboutrunningupalargebalanceont