特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句.doc
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特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句
一、由连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词when,where,why,how引导的宾语从句。
这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。
例如:
Doyouknowwho(whom)theyarewaitingfor?
你知道他们在等谁吗?
Ican'timaginewhyhedidthatthing.我不能想像他为什么做了那件事。
注意:
(1)由于宾语从句要求陈述句语序,故而在从句中它变成了陈述语序。
请看下列两组句子:
Howmuchdoesthiscoatcost?
——Iwanttoknowhowmuchthiscoatcosts.
Wheredidyougoyesterday?
——Pleasetellmewhereyouwentyesterday.
(2)当疑问代词what,who在特殊疑问句中做主语时,该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述句语序,所以当该句用来做宾语时,语序不需要调整。
例如:
What'swrongwithyou?
怎么了?
——Heaskedthegirlwhatwaswrongwithher.
What'sthematter?
怎么了?
——Heaskedthegirlwhatwasthematter.
Whathashappenedtohim?
——Wewanttoknowwhathashappenedtohim.
小试牛刀:
1.Isaidtoher.Wheredidyougoduringtheholiday?
2.Mr.Dingasked.Whatdidyoudoduringtheholiday?
二、语从句的时态
1.若主句为一般现在时或一般将来时,则从句的时态不限可视句子意义使用所需要的任何时态。
例如:
Don'tyouthinkJimisspeakingtooquick.难道你不认为吉姆讲的太快了吗?
Hesayshewillcomeback.他说他会回来。
2.若主句是祈使句,从句谓语动词也可用所需要的任何时态。
例如:
Showmewhichpictureisyours.让我看看哪张照片是你的。
Pleasetelluswherewewillgo.请告诉我要去哪里。
3.若主句是一般过去时,从句必须用过去时态的某一种。
例如:
Iknewshehadswepttheflooralready.我知道她已经扫过地了。
HeaskedifIwasdoingmyhomeworkthistimeyesterday.他问我昨天这个时候是否在做作业。
4.若从句叙述的是客观真理、自然现象或永恒不变的规律时,则不受主句时态的限制,仍用一般现在时。
例如:
Ourteachertolduslighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.老师告诉我们光传播的速度比声音快得多。
Theyknewthesunismuchbiggerthantheearththen.他们那时就知道太阳比地球大得多,
Hesaidthatoneandonemakestwo.他说一加一等于二。
小试牛刀:
1、Theradiosaysit__________cloudytomorrow.(be)
2、Theheadmasterhopeseverything__________well.(go)
3、Ihearthey__________italready.(return)
4、Hesaidthatthey__________membersofthePartysince1948.(be)
5、Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun__________intheeast.(rise)
三、特殊的宾语从句———间接引语
当直接引语是特殊疑问句,改为间接引语时,用原句中的疑问词做连接词,疑问语序改为陈述语序。
例如:
“Whatdoyouwant?
”heaskedme.→HeaskedmewhatIwanted.
Heaskedher,“Whereareyougoing?
”→Heaskedherwhereshewasgoing.
小试牛刀:
1、ShesaidtoTom,“Howareyoufeelingnow?
”→.
2、Thescientistaskedme,”whatareyoudoing?
”→.
3、Sheasked,”Howmanyboysarethereinyourclass?
”→.
练习
1. Theyoungmanasked_____it'ssummerorwinter.
A.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whether
2. Wedon'tknow______theydidit.
A.howB.whoC.whatD.which
3.Theteacherasksus____Jimcancomebackontime.
A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime
4.Doesanybodyknow______wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot.
A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.that
5.Couldyoushowme________?
A.howcanIgettothestationB.whereisthestation
C.howIcouldgettothestationD.howIcanreachthestation
6.Pleasetellme_______.
A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeC.whathelikesD.whathelike
7.Mysistertoldhim________.
A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedC.whowasshewaitingD.wheredidyoulive
8、Hetoldusthattheearth________roundthesun.(2010山东中考)
A.turnsB.turnedC.toturnD.turning
9、-Iwonder________. -Zebras.(2010浙江中考)
A.whatdotheycalltheseanimalsB.howtheycalltheseanimals
C.whattheycalltheseanimalsD.howdotheycalltheseanimals
10、Canyoumakesure________thegoldring?
(2009江西中考)
A.whereAlicehadputB.wherehadAliceput C.whereAlicehasputD.wherehasAliceput
二、将下列句子合并为一句:
1.Wheredotheystopontheway?
Iasked.
2.Whatwillyouspeakatthemeeting?
Couldyoutellme?
3.Dotheyliketogoskiing?
Heasked.
4.Heisdoinghishomework.Hesaid.
5.Hewillcomeback.Tomsaid.
6.Isshedoingherhomework?
Jimasked.
7.Whenwillhecomeback?
Tomasked.
8.HowcanIgettothestation?
Couldyoutellme?
9.Whyisthetrainlate?
Wouldyoutellme?
10.WhereisTom?
Theyasked.
DABCDCBACC
1、Iaskedwheretheystoppe