学位英语试题Word格式文档下载.docx

学位英语试题Word格式文档下载.docx

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Section2,Passages（10minutes,10points）

PartII:

ClozeTest（10minutes,15points）

ScientistswhostudytheEarth'

sclimateareconvincedthatvolcanoeruptionshaveasignificanteffectongeneralweatherpatterns.Infact,oneofthemany（36）whichattempttoexplainhowaniceagebeginsholdsthatthe（37）isadramaticincreaseinvolcaniceruptions.Thevolcanicexplosions,besidescausinglocalthunderstormsandlightning,injectgreatamountsofgasand（38）_intothestratosphere（同温层）.Atthis（39），thevolcanicmaterialspreadsallthewayaroundtheEarth.Thisvolcanicmaterial（40）acertainamountofsunlightand（41）somebackintospace.Thenetresultisto（42）theplanet'

ssurface.Forinstance,43wasperhapsthelargesteruptionoccurredin1883whentheIndonesiavolcanoKrakatoaexploded.Thefollowingyearwas（44）inEuropeasthe"

yearwithoutsummer"

becausethe（45）wassocoolandrainy.

Whilethereis（46）scientificagreementthatvolcaniceruptioncanleadtocooling,（47）ofhowthishappensarenotclear.Asaresult,scientistscannot（48）whetherthevolcanicactivitywhich（49）pasticeageswouldresult（50）sufficientcoolingtocauseaglacialperiod.Similarly,itisnotpossibleforscientiststopredicttheclimateeffectofafuturevolcaniceruptionwithanyconfidence.

36.A.theoriesB.inventionsC.judgmentsD.discoveries

37.A.causeB.courseC.meansD.case

38.A.petroleumB.ashC.flameD.garbage

39.A.relationB.instanceC.momentD.altitude

40.A.scattersB.releasesC.constitutesD.absorbs

41.A.carriesB.convertsC.reflectsD.gathers

42.A.coolB.warmC.freezeD.heat

43.A.suchB.whatC.thereD.that

44.A.knownB.reportedC.markedD.testified

45.A.airB.temperatureC.skyD.weather

46.A.committedB.optimisticC.generalD.absolute

47.A.indexesB.predictionsC.detailsD.decisions

48.A.analyzeB.determineC.assureD.assume

49.A.confrontedB.promotedC.proceedD.preceded

50.A.inB.fromC.toD.with

PartReading

PassageOne

Weuseemotivelanguagetoexpressourownattitudesandfeelings.Wealsodirectemotivelanguageatotherpeopletopersuadethemtobelieveaswedoortodoaswewantthemtodo;

and,ofcourse,otherpeopledirectemotivelanguageatustogetustobelieveortodowhattheywant.

Wearesubjectedtoaconstantstreamofpersuasiondayin,dayout,athomeandinschool,ontheradioandontelevision.Itcomesfromparentsandteachers,frompreachersandpoliticians,fromeditorsandcommentators,but,mostofall,ofcourse,fromadvertisers.Mostofthispersuasionisexpressedinemotivelanguageandisintendedtoappealtoourfeelingsratherthantobeweighedupbyourpowersofreasoning.

Weshouldlookatthemotivesbehindallthispersuasion.Whydotheywanttopersuadeus?

Whatdotheywantustodo?

Wearenotthinkingveryclearlyunlesswetrytoseethroughtheveilofwordsandrealizesomethingofthespeaker'

spurpose.

Anappealtoemotionisinitselfneithergoodorbad.Ouremotionsexistandtheyarepartofourpersonality.Onsomeoccasionspeopleappealtoouremotionsonthehighestlevelsandfromthebestofmotives.AcaseinpointisChurchill'

swartimespeeches:

whateverpeoplethoughtofChurchillasapolitician,theywereunitedbehindhimwhenhespokeasnationalleaderinthosedarkdays---theirfeelingsrespondedtohiscallforresolutionandunity.

Itisacharacteristicofsocialgroupsthatthemembershaveafeelingofpersonalattachmenttothegroup---tothefamilyinearliestchildhoodandextendinglatertotheschool,theteam,thechurch,thenation,inpatternsthatvaryfromtimetotime.Henceaspeakerfromourgroupwillfindinusfeelingstowhichhecanreadilyandgenuinelyappeal,whetherourreactionisfavorableornot.Weareatleastopentotheappealandweappreciatethecontextinwhichitismade.1.Themajorfunctionsofemotivelanguagediscussedinthepassageareto-.

A.extendourpowersofreasoningandcarryoutapurpose

B.advertiseandproducethewantedsocialeffects

C.showone'

sfeelingsandappealtothoseofothers

D.makeothersbelieveinusandrespondtoourfeelings

2.Itissuggestedinthethirdparagraphofthispassagethatwe-.

Ashouldkeepacoolheadwhensubjectedtopersuasionofvariouskinds

Bneedtojudgewhetherapersuasionismadeforgoodorbad

C.havetocarefullyuseouremotivelanguage

D.shouldavoidbeingeasilyseenthroughbyanappealfromothers

3.Thesourcefromwhichemotivelanguageflowsuponusinitsgreatestamountis-.

A.themassmediaB.theeducationalinstitutions

C.thereligiouscirclesD.theadvertisingbusiness

4.Churchillismentionedinthepassageas-'

A.anexampleofhowpeo