定语从句练习题带答案Word下载.docx
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thegirlinred.theboyfromAmerica
Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirststudenttoentertheclassroom.
fallingleaves;
fallenleaves;
theboyplayingbasketball;
thebookboughtbymymother;
areadingroom;
aswimmingpool
Heisthemanwhoyouarelookingfor.
二：
定义及相关术语
1．定语从句：
修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
2．先行词：
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
3．关系词：
引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等；
关系副词有when,where,why.
1.Ihaveanapple.Anappleisred.
Ihaveanapplethat/whichisred.↑↑
先行词关系代词
2.Ilikesomefriends.Somefriendslikesports.
Ilikefriendswholikesports.
↑↑
3.Ilikemusic.Themusicisquiet.
Ilikemusicthat/whichisquiet.
关系词通常有下列三个作用：
A、引导定语从句，连接主从句；
B、代替先行词；
C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
（二）关系代词引导的定语从句
1．who指人，在定语从句中作主语。
TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.Thosewhowanttogotothemuseummustbeattheschoolgateat7tomorrowmorning.YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwhohadlosthisway.Thatistheteacherwhoteachesusphysics.2．whom指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。
MrLiuistheperson（whom）youtalkedaboutonthebus.LiMingisjusttheboy（whom）Iwanttosee.Theprofessor（whom）youarewaitingforhascome.Thegirl（whom）theteacheroftenpraisesisourmonitor.
注意：
关系代词whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用who来代替，也可省略。
Theman（whom/who）youmetjustnowismyoldfriend.
3．Which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。
Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.Helikestoreadbookswhicharewrittenbyforeignwriters.Thehousewhichisbythelakelooksnice.Thisisthepen（which）heboughtyesterday.Thefilm（which）theywenttoseelastnightwasnotinterestingatall.。
4．That即可指人，也可指物.。
在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。
Thenumberofpeoplethat/whocometovisitthiscityeachyearreachesonemillion.
Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?
Thepersonthat/whomyouintroducedtomeisverykind.
Theseasonthat/whichcomesafterspringissummer.
YesterdayIreceivedaletterthat/whichcamefromAustralia.
5．Whose即可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。
Ivisitedascientistwhosenameisknownalloverthecountry.Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.
Ioncelivedinthehousewhoseroofhasfallenin.注意：
指物时，常用下列结构来代替：
Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.
Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.
Doyoulikethebookwhosecoverisyellow?
Doyoulikethebookthecoverofwhichisyellow?
（一）限制性定语从句中只能用that引导定语从句的情况
1．当先行词是everything,anything,nothing（something除外）,all,none,few,little,some等不定代词时，或当先行词受every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等不定代词修饰时。
如：
HaveyoutakendowneverythingthatMr.Lisaid?
Thereseemstobenothingthatisimpossibletohimintheworld.
Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.。
ThereislittlethatIcandoforyou.
Hestayedinthelibraryandlookedupanyinformationthattheyneeded.
当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who，如：
Anymanthat/whohasasenseofdutywon’tdosuchathing.Allthegueststhat/whowereinvitedtoherweddingwereimportantpeople.
2．当先行词被序数词修饰时。
ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinLondonwastheBigBen.
3．当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。
ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.
4．当先行词被thevery,theonly修饰时。
ThisistheverydictionarythatIwanttobuy.
Afterthefireinhishouse,theoldcaristheonlythingthatheowns.
当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who。
WangHuaistheonlypersoninourschoolwhowillattendthemeeting.
5．当先行词前面有who,which等疑问代词时。
Whoisthemanthatisstandingbythegate?
WhichistheT-shirtthatfitsmemost?
6．当先行词为人与物时。
Theytalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthattheyrememberedatschool
（三）关系副词引导的定语从句
1．when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
当先行词是表时间的名词，比如time,day,week,month,year等；
且定语从句中缺时间状语时用when.若先行词是表时间的名词，定语从句中缺主语或宾语时，用that/which引导。
IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametothisschool.
Thetimewhenwegottogetherfinallyarrived.
Doyouremembertheyearswhenhelivedinthecountrysidewithhisgrandpare？
Doyourememberthedays（that/which）wespenttogetherlastyear?
Iwillneverforgetthedayswhenwespentourholidaystogether.Iwillneverforgetthedaysthat/whichwespenttogether.
2．where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。
若先行词是表地点的名词，比如park,city,farm,place等；
且定语从句中缺地点状语时用where.若先行词是表地点的名词，定语从句中缺主语或宾语时，用that/which引导。
ShanghaiisthecitywhereIwasborn.上海是我出生的城市。
ThehousewhereIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.Ivisitedthefarmwherealotofcowswereraised.Shanghaiisthecity（which/that）Iwanttovisit.
Iknowaplacewherewecanhaveapicnic.Iknowaplacewhich/thatisfamousforitsbeautifulnaturalscenery.
3．why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状
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