高中英语 Unit1 The world of our senses语法讲解 牛津译林版必修3.docx

高中英语 Unit1 The world of our senses语法讲解 牛津译林版必修3.docx

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高中英语Unit1Theworldofoursenses语法讲解牛津译林版必修3

江苏省常州市西夏墅中学高中英语Unit1Theworldofoursenses语法讲解牛津译林版必修3

名词性从句

在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句。

名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

名词性that-从句

1）由从属连词that引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句。

That只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词义。

名词性that-从句在句中能充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语和形容词宾语。

例如：

主语：

Thatheisstillaliveissheerluck.　他还活着全靠运气。

宾语：

JohnsaidthathewasleavingforLondononWednesday.　约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去。

表语：

Thefactisthathehasnotbeenseenrecently.事实是近来谁也没有见过他。

同位语：

Thefactthathehasnotbeenseenrecentlydisturbseveryoneinhisoffice.

近来谁也没有见过他，这一情况令办公室所有的人不安。

形容词宾语：

Iamgladthatyouaresatisfiedwithyourjob.你对工作满意我感到很高兴。

2）That-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末。

例如：

Itisquiteclearthatthewholeprojectisdoomedtofailure.　很明显，整个计划注定要失败。

It'sapitythatyoushouldhavetoleave.　你非走不可真是件憾事。

if,whether引导的名词从句

1）yes-no型疑问从句

　从属连词if,whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问转化而来的，因此也分别被称为yes-no型疑问句从句和选择型疑问从句，其功能和wh-从句的功能相同。

例如：

主语：

Whethertheplanisfeasibleremainstobeproved.这一计划是否可行还有等证实。

　宾语：

Letusknowwhether/ifyoucanfinishthearticlebeforeFriday.

请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把文章写完。

　表语：

Thepointiswhetherweshouldlendhimthemoney.

问题在于我们是否应该借钱给他。

　同位语：

Theyareinvestigatingthequestionwhetherthemanistrustworthy.　

他们调查这个男人是否值得信赖。

　形容词宾语：

She'sdoubtfulwhetherweshallbeabletocome.她怀疑我们是否能够前来。

　介词宾语：

Iworryaboutwhetherhecanpassthroughthecrisisofhisillness.

我担心他是否能度过疾病的危险期。

2）选择性疑问从句

　选择性疑问从句由关联词if/whether…or或whether…ornot构成。

例如：

　Pleasetellmewhether/iftheyareSwedishorDanish.

请告诉我他们是瑞典人还是丹麦人。

Idon'tcarewhetheryouliketheplanornot.我不在乎你是否喜欢该计划。

练习

一、单项选择。

1.Evidencecameup_____specificspeechsoundsarerecognizedbybabiesasyoungassixmonthsold.

A.whichB.whatC.thatD.when

2.Ihaven’tdecided_____hoteltostayat.

A.whichB.whatC.atwhichD.where

3.______surprisesmostofus.

A.Wolvesareafraidofus

B.Thefactthatwolvesafraidmen

C.Thefactthatwolvesareafraidofmen

D.Wolves’afraidofmen

4.Theannouncement______allflightwerecancelledbecauseofbadweathergreatlydistressedthewaitingpassengers.

A.thatB.whichC.whyD.ofwhich

5.Thequestionis______canbeputintopractice.

A.howyouhavelearned

B.howwhatyouhavelearned

C.thatwhyyouhavelearned

D.howthatyouhavelearned

6.Ahingejointis_______permitstheforwardsandbackwardmovementofadoor.

A.thatB.whatC.thoseD.which

7.OnereasonwhyHamletissuchasuccessfulplayisthat_______.

A.itappealsdifferentlytopeople

B.differentpeopleareappealed

C.itappealstomanydifferentpeople

D.peoplefinditappealingtothemverymuch

8.Amoreimportantquestionis______theseideasarewellorillfounded.

A.whereB.whenC.howD.whether

9.Ithinkitis_____youaredoingtoomuch.

A.becauseofB.becauseC.becausethatD.becausefor

10.Noonecouldunderstand_______.

A.thathewastalkingabout

B.whathewastalkingabout

C.hewastalkingabout

D.whichhewastalking

11.Iknewnothingabouthisjourney______hewaslikelytobeawayforthreemonths.

A.ifB.inthatC.exceptthatD.which

12.Thefact______doctorsrecommendthatchildrenwithhypertensiondrinkcoffeeissurprising.

A.whatB.isthatC.thatD.of

13._______isnoreasonfordischargingher.

A.Becauseshewasafewminuteslate

B.Owingtoafewminutesbeinglate

C.Thefactthatshewasafewminuteslate

D.Beingafewminuteslate

14.Ihavenodoubt______hewillovercomeallhisdifficulties.

A.whetherB.whenC.thatD.if

15.Theoldgentlemanneverfailstohelp______isinneedofhishelp.

A.whoB.whoeverC.oneD.whomever

16.“Isthereanyparticulardessertyouwouldlikehave?

”“_____youselectisallrightwithme.”

A.WhateverB.WhichC.ThatD.Whichever

17._______somemammalscametoliveintheseaisnotknown.

A.ThatB.WhatC.HowD.Since

18._______ishisowndecision.

A.WhenheisleavingB.Whenheleaves

C.WhendoesheleaveD.Heleaves

19.ThepeopleatthepartywereworriedaboutJanetbecausenoonewasaware________shehadgone.

A.ofwhereB.oftheplaceC.theplaceD.theplacewhere

20.________isofnoconcerntous.

A.ItrainornotB.Ifornotitrains

C.WhetheritrainsornotD.Willitrainornot

二、用适当的连接词填空。

（what,that,who,whom,whose,which,how,when,where,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever,however,whenever,wherever,whether,why,because）

1.________hesaidhasnothingtodowiththistask.

2.________breaksthelawdeservesafine.

3.Take_______muchyouwantwheneveryouwantto.

4.Thequestionremains_______weshouldaccepttheirinvitation.

5.Freemovieticketswillbesentto_______comefirst.

6.Sheisindoubt________sheacceptsyouradvi