大学英语听力教程第三册听力原文第二版张民伦主编Word下载.docx

大学英语听力教程第三册听力原文第二版张民伦主编Word下载.docx

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SectionB

1.TheAmazonforestsaredisappearingbecauseofincreasedburningandtreeremoval.InSeptember,satellitepicturesshowedmorethan20000firesburningintheAmazon.Expertssaymostofthesefiresweresetbyfarmers.Thefarmerswereattemptingtoclearlandtogrowcrops.TheWorldWildlifeFundsaysanotherseriousproblemisthattoomanytreesintheAmazonrainforestarebeingcutdown.TheWorldWildlifeFundsaysthefiresshowtheneedforurgentinternationalactiontoprotecttheworld'

srainforests.Thegroupwarnsthatwithoutsuchactionsomeforestscouldbelostforever.

2.EnvironmentalissuesswelltothefullinBerlinthisweek,fortheUNsponsoredconferenceonglobalwarmingandclimatechangeisthefirstsuchmeetingsincetheRiosummitthreeyearsago.WithscientistsandgovernmentsnowgenerallyreadytoacceptthattheearthclimateisbeingaffectedbyemissionsofCO2andothergreenhousegases,overahundredcountriesaresendingdelegations.ButhowmuchprogresshasbeenmadeimplementingthegreenhousegasreductiontargetagreedonatRio?

SimonDaryreports.

Part2TheEarthatrisk

（1）

I:

BrianCowlesistheproducerofanewseriesofdocumentariescalled"

TheEarthatRisk"

whichcanbeseenonChannel4laterthismonth.Eachprogramdealswithadifferentcontinent,doesn'

tit,Brian?

B:

That'

sright.WewenttoAmerica,bothNorthandSouthandthenwewentovertoAfricaandSouth-EastAsia.

Andwhatdidyoufindineachofthesecontinents?

StartingwithAfrica,ourfilmshowstheimpactofthepopulationontheenvironment.Generallyspeaking,thishascausedtheSaharaDeserttoexpand.It'

sabitofaviciouscirclewefind.Peoplecutdowntreesforfirewoodandtheirdomesticanimalseatalltheavailableplants—andsoconsequentlytheyhavetomovesouthastheSaharaDesertexpandsfurthersouth.Imean,soonthewholeofMaliwillbecomeadesert.AndinEastAfrica:

herethegrasslandsaresupportingtoomanyanimalsandtheresultis,ofcourse,there'

snograss—nothingfortheanimalstoeat.

Isee.AndthenextfilmdealswithNorthAmerica?

sright.IntheUSA,asyouknow,intensiveagriculturerequiresaplentifulsupplyofrainforthesecropstogrow;

Imeanifthereisn'

tenoughrainthecropsdon'

tgrow.Andgrowingcropsstabilizesoil,withoutthemthetopsoiljustblowsaway.Thisisalsotrueforanyregionthatisintenselyfarmed—mostofEurope,forexample.

AndwhatdidyoufindinSouthAmerica?

InSouthAmerica（asinCentralAfricaandSouthernAsia）tropicalforestsarebeingcutdownatanalarmingrate.ThisisdonesothatpeoplecansupportthemselvesbygrowingfoodortocreaterancheswherecattlecanberaisedtobeexportedtoEuropeorAmericaastinnedmeat.Theproblemisthatthesoilissopoorthatonlyacoupleofharvestsarepossiblebeforethisverythinsoilbecomesexhausted.Anditcan'

tbefedwithfertilizerslikeagriculturallandinEurope.Forexample,inBrazilin1982anareaofjunglethesizeofBritainandFrancecombinedwasdestroyedtomakewayforanironoremine.HugenumbersoftreesarebeingcutdownforexportsashardwoodtoJapan,Europe,USAtomakethingslikeluxuryfurniture.Theseforestscan'

tbereplaced—theforestsoilisthinandunproductiveandinjustafewyears,ajunglehasbecomeawasteland.Tropicalforestscontainrareplants（whichwecanuseformedicines,forexample）andanimals—oneanimalorplantspeciesbecomesextincteveryhalfhour.Theseforesttreesalsohaveworldwideeffects.Youknow,theyconvertcarbondioxideintooxygen.Theconsequenceofdestroyingforestsisnotonlythattheclimateofthatregionchanges（becausethereislessrainfall）butthischangeaffectsthewholeworld.Imean,overhalftheworld'

srainforesthasbeencutdownthiscentury.

Part3TheEarthatrisk

（2）

SectionA

So,Brian,wouldyouagreethatwhatwegenerallythinkofasnaturaldisastersareinfactman-made?

Yes,byandlarge.Imean,obviouslynothurricanesorearthquakes,buttakeflooding,forexample.Practicallyeveryyear,thewholeofBangladeshisfloodedandthisisgettingworse.Youknow,thecauseisthatforestshavebeencutdownupinNepalandIndia,Imeanhigherup-riverintheHimalayas.Treeswouldholdrainfallintheirroots,butifthey'

vebeencutdownalltherainthatfallsinthemonsoonseasonflowsstraightintotheriverGangesandfloodsthewholecountry.ThereasonforfloodinginSudanisthesame—theforestshigheruptheBlueNileinEthiopiahavebeendestroyedtoo.

Well,thisallsoundsterriblydepressing.Um...Whatistobedone?

Imean,cananythingbedone,infact?

Yes,ofcourseitcan.First,thenationalgovernmentsh